德系安格拉毛用兔日粮最适营养水平探讨     

张宏福  马振凯 《中国兽医学报》1990,(3)

本试验选用德系安格拉成年毛用兔80只,研究了其日粮不同粗蛋白(CP)、含硫氨基酸(SAA)和粗纤维(CF)水平对产毛性能的影响。结果表明,日粮中CP水平以16%～18%为宜,过高的CP水平并不能提高产毛率和毛的质量;日粮中SAA水平以0.65%～0.85%为宜,日粮配方中添加一定量的蛋氨酸能显著提高产毛性能;日粮中CF水平以14%左右提高毛的产量和质量为最佳,过精的日粮不仅造成浪费,而且对产毛性能并没有好处。  相似文献   

Influence of in ovo inoculation with various nutrients and egg size on broiler performance     

《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2010,19(1):1-12

This study evaluated the influence of inoculation of different nutrients into eggs of 18-d-old broiler embryos. On d 18 of incubation, before transferring, eggs were injected with a solution containing either maltose, a multivitamin supplement, zinc-glycine, glutamine, a mixture containing all these elements, or sodium chloride (control). After hatching, 2,400 male broiler chicks were placed in an experimental broiler house and distributed into 60 floor pens in a completely randomized design comprising a 2 × 6 factorial arrangement of treatments (2 egg weights × 6 solutions), for a total of 12 treatments. Birds and feed consumption were measured weekly. At 42 d of age, 3 birds per replicate pen were randomly selected for processing. Birds derived from heavier eggs had greater hatchability and hatching weight. At 42 d of age, birds from heavier eggs had higher BW, carcass weight, and breast meat weight. The livability of birds derived from heavy eggs was higher at 7 and 14 d of age. The in ovo inoculation of the nutrients to 18-d-old embryos did not influence live performance or carcass traits. The technique of in ovo inoculation of certain nutrients may be used in industrial poultry production, but further studies are required to define the best solutions or mixture of nutrients to be used.  相似文献   

Use of Agro‐industrial Organic Compound: Yield and Nutrient Absorption in Wheat     

《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2012,43(9-10):1311-1320

Abstract

This study, focusing on the cultivation of wheat, consisted of applying an organic compound to the soil for a period of 2 years. The organic compound was made from a mixture of organic residues from a jelly industry (bovine chips and sharings) and other residues from a sugar‐alcohol industry. The mixture was applied at random into the intergrowth lines in a top‐dressing process, without incorporation, and in cumulative increasing doses. In the first year, the applications ranged from 2 to 25 t ha; in the second year, the applications ranged from 8 to 75, in wheat plants. Comparing the results of the chemical treatment to the organic application, it was observed that the organic compound increased the yield of wheat during the 2 years. Furthermore, the organic compound did not contaminate the plants, such as in the absorption of nutrients by the grains, once they have presented normal patterns of nutrient concentrations.  相似文献   

Fruit Yield,Plant Growth and Nutrient Status in Mango     

《International Journal of Fruit Science》2013,13(4):3-21

Abstract

Fruit yield and nutrient concentration of mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivar ‘Osteen’ were studied in relation to rootstocks Gomera-1 and Gomera-3 for three years. The results indicated that the Gomera-3 root system had higher nutrient uptake and transport towards the scion. Data from grafted and ungrafted Gomera-1 and Gomera-3 trees proved similar with respect to N, P, and K utilization profile, with post-harvest accumulation and a decline during flowering, P and K concentrations significantly decreasing during fruit growth. These trends were largely the opposite for Ca and Mg. The Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu concentrations rose during dormancy and fell at flowering. Fruit yield was higher with Gomera-1, while Gomera-3 gave fruit with greater weight and width. Tree height, trunk cross-sectional area, canopy diameter and volume were greater in grafted and ungrafted Gomera-3, this rootstock being the most vigorous. The yield efficiency was significantly greater on Gomera-1. Thus, cv. ‘Osteen’ grafted to Gomera-1 offered better yield and required a lower amount of nutrients.  相似文献   

结肠癌术后早期肠内营养治疗25例临床分析     

杨海松  杨劲松 《吉林林学院学报》2011,(6):686-688

目的探讨结肠癌患者术后早期（24 h内）应用肠内营养的效果.方法回顾分析吉林医药学院附属医院2008年1月—2008年12月25例结肠癌患者术后早期给予肠内营养支持的临床资料.结果本组病例术后无任何并发症,疗效满意.结论结肠癌患者术后早期应用肠内营养支持,平均住院时间缩短,治疗费用降低,患者术后恢复快,是安全有效的方法.  相似文献   

Rapid Economic Change,the Nutrition Transition and Its Effects on the Structure of Consumption: The Nutrition Transition in China     

《Journal of Crop Improvement》2013,27(1-2):99-118

SUMMARY

Economic, demographic, and technological changes have led to a marked shift in the diet structure and the distribution of body composition in many regions of the world. Such changes include rapid reduction in fertility and aging of the population, urbanization, epidemiological transition, and the uneven distribution of the effect of economic reform. Research presented for China shows that it is undergoing a marked shift in its diet, activity, and nutritional status patterns. This paper presents data on the shifts in the structure of food decision-making and the associated body composition shifts.  相似文献   

Histological, digestive, metabolic, hormonal and some immune factor responses in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., fed genetically modified soybeans     

Bakke-McKellep AM  Koppang EO  Gunnes G  Sanden M  Hemre GI  Landsverk T  Krogdahl A 《Journal of fish diseases》2007,30(2):65-79

The paper reports the second and final part of an experiment aiming to study physiological and health-related effects of genetically modified (GM) soybean meal (SBM) type Roundup Ready soybean (RRS) in diets for post-smolt Atlantic salmon. For 3 months salmon were fed diets containing 172 g kg(-1) full-fat SBM from RRS (GM-soy) or an unmodified, non-isogenic line (nGM-soy), or a reference diet with fishmeal as the sole protein source (FM). Slight differences in anti-nutrient levels were observed between the GM and nGM-soy. Histological changes were observed only in the distal intestine of the soy-fed fish. The incidence of moderate inflammation was higher in the GM-soy group (9 of 10 sampled fish) compared with the nGM-soy group (7 of 10). However, no differences in the concomitant decreases in activities of digestive enzymes located in the brush border (leucine aminopeptidase and maltase) and apical cytoplasm (acid phosphatase) of enterocytes or in the number of major histocompatibility complex class II+ cells, lysozyme activity, or total IgM of the distal intestine were observed. GM compared with nGM-soy fed fish had higher head kidney lysozyme (11,856 vs. 10,456 units g(-1) tissue) and a tendency towards higher acid phosphatase (0.45 vs. 0.39 micromol h(-1) kg(-1) body mass in whole tissue) activities, respectively. Plasma insulin and thyroxin levels, and hepatic fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activities were not significantly affected. It is not possible, however, to conclude whether the differences in responses to GM-soy were due to the genetic modification or to differences in soy cultivars in the soy-containing diets. Results from studies using non-modified, parental line soybeans as the control group are necessary to evaluate whether genetic modification of soybeans in diets poses any risk to farmed Atlantic salmon.  相似文献   

硅营养对UV-B辐射条件下水稻酚类代谢的影响     

吴杏春  陈裕坤  李奇松  方长旬  熊君  林文雄 《勤云标准版测试》2009,29(24)

本研究在不同硅营养条件下，探讨了UV-B辐射增强对两个供试水稻品种(Lemont和Dular)硅营养特性和酚代谢物质的影响。结果表明：(1)在缺硅营养和UV-B辐射胁迫下，Lemont的硅营养吸收能力和生理利用率都比Dular强。（2）不同硅营养条件下，UV-B辐射胁迫促使Lemont叶片的PAL、PPO、 POD、CAT活性增强，总酚、类黄酮和绿原酸含量升高，而可溶性蛋白质含量降低；上述指标在Dular叶片中也表现出相同的变化趋势。但在缺硅营养和UV-B辐射共同胁迫下，Lemont表现出较强的酚类合成能力。（3）硅营养有利于水稻酚类代谢物质的积累，以减少UV-B辐射的伤害。综上所述，Lemont与Dular之间硅营养特性的不同，可能是引起两个供试水稻的酚类代谢差异，从而表现出对UV-B辐射抗性不同的原因之一。  相似文献   

The effect of various nitrogen fertilization and foliar nutrition regimes on the concentrations of nitrates,ammonium ions,dry matter and N-total in carrot (Daucus carota L.) roots     

Sylwester Smoleń  Włodzimierz Sady 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009

Two field experiments (Experiment I in 2003–2005 and Experiment II in 2004–2005) with carrot c.v. ‘Kazan F₁’ were conducted at Trzciana village (50°06′N, 21°85′E). The experiments were arranged in a split-plot design with four replications. Two sub-blocks were identified in both experiments: I, without foliar nutrition; II, receiving plant foliar nutrition. The plants were sprayed three times alternately with: 2% urea solution, 1% solution of multi-component ‘Supervit R’ fertilizer (produced by Intermag, Poland) and again with 2% urea solution. Combinations with diversified nitrogen fertilization were distinguished within both sub-blocks. Experiment I comprised of: (1) Control, (2) Ca(NO₃)₂ 70, (3) Ca(NO₃)₂ 70 + 70, (4) (NH₄)₂SO₄ 70 and (5) (NH₄)₂SO₄ 70 + 70. Experiment II included: (1) Control, (2) ENTEC-26 35 + 35, (3) ENTEC-26 70 + 70, (4) ENTEC 26 105 + 105, (5) NH₄NO₃ 35 + 35, (6) NH₄NO₃ 70 + 70, (7) NH₄NO₃ 105 + 105. Where 70 kg N ha⁻¹ was used before sowing, whereas 35 + 35, 70 + 70 and 105 + 105 kg N ha⁻¹ were applied before sowing and as top dressing. Solid nitrogen fertilizer was added to the soil (produced by): Ca(NO₃)₂, Yara International ASA (Hydro); (NH₄)₂SO₄, Zak?ady Azotowe in Tarnów, Poland; NH₄NO₃, Zak?ady Azotowe in Pu?awy, Poland; and ENTEC-26, COMPO GmbH & Co. KG, Germany. The research aimed at determining the effect of diversified nitrogen fertilization and foliar nutrition on NO₃⁻, NH₄⁺, N-total and dry matter (d.m.) concentrations in carrot, and N uptake by storage roots. In Experiment I, nitrogen fertilization did not affect NO₃⁻ concentration, whereas in Experiment II, the applied N treatment increased NO₃⁻ concentration in carrot in relation to the control, except for the storage roots of plants fertilized with ENTEC-26 35 + 35. Nitrogen fertilization applied in both experiments caused a significant increase in N-total concentration in carrot and N uptake by storage roots in comparison with the control plants. In both experiments, nitrogen fertilization had a different effect on the concentrations of NH₄⁺ and d.m. in carrot. What is more, foliar nutrition treatments in both experiments had a different effect on the concentrations on NO₃⁻, N-total, d.m. in carrot and N uptake by carrot storage roots.  相似文献   

猪营养调控技术研究进展     

王丽  叶翔杨  温晓鹿  杨雪芬  高开国  蒋宗勇 《广东农业科学》2020,47(11):114-124

我国是生猪养殖与猪肉消费大国，多年来猪肉总产量和人均猪肉占有量居世界首位。由于人们对猪肉品质需求的不断提高及研究的不断深入，我国猪营养研究也经历了从最初营养需要的研究，到通过营养技术调控猪肉品质、肠道健康、繁殖性能和免疫等方面的转变。随着研究模型、组学技术、功能性分子营养以及肠道健康等研究手段的不断进步，生猪营养调控技术的研究进入到高速发展阶段。综述了近 5 年来国内外生猪相关营养调控技术，包括母猪、公猪、仔猪和生长育肥猪的营养需求（能量、蛋白质和氨基酸、常量和微量元素、添加剂等），生产性能与营养调控，饲料营养价值评定，精准饲喂技术等多个方面，以期为今后生猪营养调控技术的进一步研究提供参考。  相似文献