The role of soil fauna in ecosystems: A historical review   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Veikko Huhta   《Pedobiologia》2007,50(6):489-495

The research development in this review is divided into successive periods: (1) “From Darwin to Satchell”, covering the “pre-experimental” decades dealing with the functions of earthworms, (2) “Litterbag Studies”, characterized by field experiments on the faunal influence on litter decomposition, (3) “The Time of IBP”, concentrating on community energetics, (4) “The Microcosm Era”, laboratory studies that started with simple systems, followed by increasing complexity of experimental setup and community of organisms, including living plants, and ending to laboratory-scale “ecosystems”, (5) the recent “Biodiversity Boom”, analysing the relations between soil biodiversity and ecosystem functions, and (6) the current “Holistic View” that tends to link the diversity and functions of aboveground and belowground communities. These “periods” started roughly in this order, but are largely overlapping, since the early techniques are in continuing use together with the modern ones. The current knowledge on the role of soil biota, their diversity and various components has accumulated mainly during the last 30 years, resulting in the modern view of soil fauna as a part of the ecosystem.  相似文献   

伊维菌素干混悬剂驱除猪蛔虫效果与安全性试验   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

陈宗章  刘生财  蔡进忠  李春花 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》2002,32(6):10-11

应用伊维菌素干混悬剂进行了驱除猪蛔虫的效力及安全性试验。结果：0．3mg/kg b.w剂量对猪蛔虫的虫卵转阴率、虫卵减少率和驱虫率均达100％，猪可耐受1．5mg/kg剂量。试验证明伊维菌素干混悬剂驱除猪蛔虫安全高效，投药方便，成本较低，具有推广前景。  相似文献   

永康市两栖类初步调查     

朱曦  陈长清 《浙江林学院学报》1996,13(2):197-199

永康市有两硒类２０种，隶属２目６科８属。其中蝾螈目２种，蛙形目１８种，占浙江省已知属的５０．００％，种的４１．８６％。  相似文献   

Immunizing efficacy of Toxoplasma gondii strains isolated from different hostsEfficacite d'immunisation par differentes souches de Toxoplasma gondii isolees de differents hotes     

K.Noel Masihi  Hans Werner  Werner Lange 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1984,7(2):125-130

Studies were carried out to determine the fate of virulent Toxoplasma gondii challenge in immune animals. Toxoplasma strains isolated from human, swine, rabbit and cat hosts were used for the primary immunization of mice. Brains were removed at various intervals after the challenge and subinoculated into normal mice. Prior immunization with one of the nine toxoplasma strains enabled the mice either to eliminate or harbour the challenge organisms without loss of virulence. The outcome of challenge infection was dependent on the parasite strain used for the immunization and the time interval between challenge and subinoculation. Mice immunized with strain KSU isolated from a cat eliminated repeatedly administered challenge from 80% of animals. Strain S 162 isolated from a swine eliminated similar challenge from only 20% of animals. The results indicate that the extent of protection against virulent T. gondii can vary widely and is related to the immunogenicity of the original immunizing strain.  相似文献   

四川省洪雅林场杉木黄化病因研究：Ⅱ. 叶中铁锰测定和沙培水培结果     

赵光材  段官安 《西南林学院学报》1989,9(1):25-35

本测定表明了叶中铁锰含量的增加或减少与土壤测定相一致。沙培和水培进一步证明了水溶性铁含量增高是致使根系衰弱和死亡的主要因素,也是抑制对锰吸收的主要因子;在通气差的条件下尤为严重。土壤含水率高,是卵菌纲(Oomycctcs)中兼性寄生菌对杉木根系侵柒的主要条件,由此加速了杉木的死亡。  相似文献   

Transcriptome Analysis of Microbiome and Parasites in Feces of Giant Pandas     

DENG Wenwen  LI Caiwu  JIN Lei  LI Guo  WU Honglin  ZHANG Guiquan  WEI Rongping  CHEN Rui  WANG Minglei  HE Yongguo  LI Ti  LI Desheng  ZHANG Hemin  HUANG Yan  ZOU Likou 《畜牧兽医学报》1956,51(11):2812-2824

  相似文献   

晋中梨小食心虫寄生性天敌昆虫调查     

张纯  尤希宇  赵龙龙  孟豪  马瑞燕 《山西农业科学》2012,40(4):389-392

梨小食心虫是北方果树最严重的食心虫之一,为了探索和利用其天敌昆虫资源,选择山西省太谷地区具有代表性的2类样地,对其天敌资源进行了调查。研究发现,该地区的2种优势寄生性天敌种为舞毒蛾黑瘤姬蜂和亮黑伊乐寄蝇,该2种天敌室内羽化的高峰期多分布在0:00—13:00时段。在果树自然放养的A地,2种天敌并存,但以亮黑伊乐寄蝇为优势种。在人工管理频繁的B地,舞毒蛾黑瘤姬蜂为优势天敌种,亮黑伊乐寄蝇极少发生,并且天敌推迟发生。调查还发现,在梨小食心虫种群的盛发期,其数量变化和2种天敌的发生呈负相关,7月份后,2种天敌可对梨小食心虫形成明显的控制作用。  相似文献   

云南苍山洱海自然保护区蜻蜓目昆虫区系分析     

和秋菊  易传辉  杨宇明  李旭  王琳 《西北林学院学报》2012,27(3):131-136

为明确苍山洱海自然保护区蜻蜓目昆虫的区系特征,在实地调查和查阅资料的基础上,对保护区蜻蜓目昆虫区系进行了分析。研究结果表明,保护区共有蜻蜓目昆虫14科、65种,保护区蜻蜓目昆虫东洋区特征极显著,隶属东洋区的有43种、东洋-古北共有种15种、古北区2种、东洋-古北-澳洲2种,东洋-古北-新北、东洋-古北-非洲、东洋-古北-新北-澳洲各1种。在中国动物区系中,该65种蜻蜓目昆虫在西南区均有分布,但华北、华中、华南和西南区共有种也达15种,表明4区关系密切。  相似文献   

李仙江鱼类的区系存在度分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨丽萍  杨琴  李奇生  周伟 《安徽农业大学学报》2012,39(2):184-188

依据调查、文献记录和西南林业大学标本馆馆藏标本,确定李仙江流域共有鱼类66种,隶属于5目14科44属。剔除6种引入种后,对李仙江鱼类的目、科、属3个级别进行区系存在度分析。结果显示:属级存在度更能够反映该流域的鱼类区系组成的特点,一些世界性分布的科属在李仙江流域的存在度相对较低,而具有地方性分布的部分科属,区系存在度较高,可以反映李仙江流域鱼类的区系特征。李仙江的鱼类区系成分与元江鱼类区系相似性较高。  相似文献   

东营盐生植物园土壤动物垂直分布研究及其聚类分析     

赫福霞  谢桐音  谢桂林  付荣恕 《东北农业大学学报》2012,43(6):155-160

采用Tullgren干漏法,研究位于山东省东营市黄河三角洲盐生植物园内土壤动物垂直分布情况并进行聚类分析。结果表明,在调查的10个样点中,土壤动物的垂直分布在不同季节和不同生境条件下变化很大,但是大多数样点内的表聚性特点明显;蜱螨目是该地区的主要优势类群,另一优势类群弹尾纲个体数量变化大,分布存在显著差异;黄河三角洲盐生植物园内土壤动物的多样性与均匀度变化趋势一致。各样点内优势类群蜱螨目的数量巨大,严重影响其他物种的数量和分布,对聚类分析影响较大,最终导致Bray-Curtis相似性系数和Jaccard相似性系数的聚类分析结果差异明显。  相似文献