Current status and future strategy in breeding pea to improve resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses     

S. M. Ali  B. Sharma  M. J. Ambrose 《Euphytica》1993,73(1-2):115-126

The economic importance and current progress made in studies of the host-parasite relationship and identification of sources of resistance and breeding strategies of some important biotic diseases of pea are reviewed in this paper. The root rot complex caused by Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium solani, Aphanomyces euteiches, Pythium ultimum and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. pisi, race 1 and 2 has been reported from all commercial pea growing areas of the world. Adequate sources of resistance have been identified and there has been impressive success in the control of the Fusarium wilt pathogen following the introduction of wilt-resistant cultivars. Leaf and stem diseases of pea caused by the Ascochyta complex, Peronospora viciae and Erysiphe pisi are prevalent in most temperate pea growing regions of the world. Several sources of resistance are available, some of which are surprisingly durable. The biochemical genetic parameters of phenolic content used for assaying resistance to Erysiphe pisi offers an alternative method of evaluating breeding material. Wild relatives of pea (Pisum fulvum and P. humile) are valuable additional sources of genetic variation and provide good sources of resistance to pests and diseases. In temperate rainfed pea growing areas of southern Australia, pea seed yield is more closely related to dry matter production than harvest index. Tall and leafy cultivars proved more productive than afila types.  相似文献   

Chloroplast DNA analysis of eggplant (Solanum melongena) and related species for their taxonomic affinity     

Yoshiteru Sakata  Takeshi Nishio  Peter Joseph Matthews 《Euphytica》1991,55(1):21-26

Summary Total chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) from Solanum incanum, a wild relative of eggplant, was used to probe total DNA of Solanum melongena (eggplant). The DNA fragments detected were the same as observed using purified chloroplast DNA. Chloroplast DNAs were also analysed for nine species of Solanum that are cross-compatible with eggplant: S. aethiopicum, S. anguivi, S. gilo, S. incanum, S. indicum, S. integrifolium, S. macrocarpon, S. olivare and S. panduriforme.Restriction fragments generated by eight enzymes were recorded as present or absent, and a matrix for all fragment positions, species and enzymes was used for cluster analysis. In the resulting dendrogram, the species tested formed three distinct groups: (1) S. aethiopicum, S. anguivi, S. gilo, S. indicum, S. integrifolium and S. olivare, (2) S. incanum, S. melongena and S. panduriforme, (3) S. macrocarpon. Six species of the first group belonging to section Oliganthes appears more closely related to the second group members belonging to section Melongena than does S. macrocarpon, which also belongs to section Melongena. Within the second group, S. panduriforme is slightly more like eggplant than is S. incanum.  相似文献   

33份烤烟品种亲缘关系的SSR分析     

吴兴富  焦芳婵  张谊寒  童治军  曾建敏  李永平 《分子植物育种》2015,(6)

本研究利用分布于烟草全基因组24条连锁群上的48对SSR引物,并对33份烤烟品种的亲缘关系进行分析。结果显示:在48个SSR基因座位上共检测获得302个等位基因,每个SSR标记可检测的等位基因数为2~13个,平均6.29个;引物的多态信息含量(PIC)为0.401~0.738,平均0.549,鉴别能力较好;33份烤烟品种间遗传相似性系数(GS)变化范围为0.84~0.96,平均为0.90,表明33份烤烟品种间的遗传差异较小,亲缘关系相对较近。SSR聚类分析表明:在GS分别为0.894和0.910时可清晰地将美国引进及合作选育的27份品种与国内主栽品种区分开,其中,NC-YATAS-7与红花大金元之间及NCT8、NC-YATAS-8与云烟85、云烟87之间的遗传差异性较小,其他24份品种与国内主栽品种间存在一定的遗传差异性。10份合作选育品种和14份引进品种对丰富国内烤烟新选育品种和种质资源的遗传多样性具有重要意义。  相似文献   

Preliminary Analysis of Application of CRM in the Real Estate Enterprise     

CAO Xiao - lin  XIONG Hong - bo 《保鲜与加工》2006,(1):111-114

Customer Relationship Managment is a kind of new-type management mechanisms that aims at improving the relation between the enterprise and customer and increasing the customer's loyalty and satisfaction.This thesis begins with the connotation of CRM and explains the structure of CRM system.Then the thesis lays particular emphasis on describing CRM application in real estate enterprises under the environment of e-commerce in terms of enterprise's key competitiveness.It is pointed out that a comprehensive appraisal from multiple angles should be carried out to evaluate the CRM system.  相似文献   

1株类NADC30与类JXA1重组的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒基因组遗传特征分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

郭振华  阮海宇  耿瑞  陈鑫鑫  乔松林  邓瑞广  张改平 《畜牧兽医学报》2020,51(7):1677-1687

旨在分析本实验室2017年从临床病料中分离的1株猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,PRRSV）的分子遗传特征,测定了其全基因组序列,并运用生物信息学软件对其遗传特点进行了分析。结果显示,该毒株基因组全长15 054 bp,与代表性毒株VR-2332、NADC30、CH-1a、JXA1和QYYZ的核苷酸相似性分别为84.5%、93.4%、84.2%、83.9%和82.1%。系统进化树分析显示,该毒株与NADC30-like毒株处于同一进化分支,属于lineage 1。基于GP5和Nsp2蛋白的氨基酸序列分析显示,分离株GP5蛋白糖基化位点位于34位、44位和51位;在37-45 aa的线性表位区较为保守,在27-30 aa和37-45 aa的线性表位区存在特异的氨基酸位点变异;Nsp2蛋白存在NADC30-lke毒株特征性的131个（323-433位、483位、504-522位）不连续氨基酸的缺失。基因重组分析显示,该毒株以类NADC30为主要亲本、以类JXA1为次要亲本,在Nsp2的氨基端（1 340-2 082 nt）发生了基因重组。本研究成功绘制了1株NADC30-like毒株的基因组遗传特征,确定了其在Nsp2区域发生了基因重组,提示PRRSV通过基因重组在不断发生遗传演化,开展持续的PRRSV流行及遗传变异监测对于该病的防控具有重要意义。  相似文献   

胡蜂益害关系的评价   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

董大志  王云珍  乐应国   《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》2000,22(5):441-442,447

胡蜂总科除少数类群分布中心在东洋区的热带区域外,其余全世界都有分布。到目前为止,世界已知种达5000余种,其中蜾赢就有2000种。这些胡蜂是一种很好的资源,在热带、亚热带地区开发利用胡蜂资源具有较广阔的前景。例如,在生物防治、医药、食品和化妆品等方面。  相似文献   

An Iterative Calculating Method for Inbreeding and Relationship Coefficient     

HANDan－dan  SONGRen－xue 《东北农业大学学报(英文版)》2001,8(1):19-22

The iterative formulas of inbreeding and relationship coefficients were put forward by using numerator elationship.It is suitable for any none-generation-overlap pedigree.The inbreeding and relationship coeffiient of offsprings can be calculated by those of parents.The deducing process of numerator relationship is simple and clear comparing with path analysis.An example shows the usage of these formulas.  相似文献   

5种裸腹潘群体遗传变异及亲缘关系的初步分析     

张鹏 赵文刘卫东  殷旭旺孙静娴 《大连水产学院学报》2007,22(3):180-183

采用随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）技术对5种裸腹溢（蒙古裸腹潘Moina mongolica、多刺裸腹潘M.macrocopa、直额裸腹涵M.rectirostris、微型裸腹泾M.micrura和近亲裸腹溢M.affinis）的亲缘关系及群体遗传变异程度进行了研究。在优化反应条件下，对21个引物进行了扩增，从中筛选出6个带型清晰且重复性好的引物用于分析，共扩增出161条多态性谱带，片段长度为421—19329bp。根据遗传距离结果，利用Mega2．1软件包中的UPGMA和NJ程序进行聚类分析，结果表明：5种裸腹溢种间、群体间的遗传分化程度较大，进化地位的高低顺序为近亲裸腹潘〉直额裸腹溢〉多刺裸腹泾〉蒙古裸腹滋〉微型裸腹潘。  相似文献   

施用硒、硫肥提高大豆品质的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

罗盛国  刘元英  陈魁卿  戴建军 《东北农业大学学报》1992,(1)

本文报道了1987～1989年施用微量元素硒,及硒、硫配合施用对提高大豆品质的影响。盆栽试验结果表明,在氮、磷、钾做肥底的基础上,每亩土壤施硒5.3 g,可使低硒地区大豆籽粒的含硒量从0.065 ppm 提高到0.365 ppm,达到正常水平;每亩土壤施硒5.3 g,硫40kg,不但可使低硒地区大豆的含硒量达到正常水平,还可使大豆籽粒中蛋氨酸的含量比对照增加8.6%,胱氨酸的含量比对照增加6.9%,方差分析都达到了极显著的水平。  相似文献   

中西太平洋金枪鱼围网渔业渔获组成及叉长与体重关系   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

杨松  陈新军  许柳雄 《上海水产大学学报》2005,14(3):337-340

中西太平洋海区是世界金枪鱼围网作业的主要渔场之一[1]。目前从事生产的金枪鱼围网船约160艘[2]。据统计,2003年该海区的金枪鱼围网渔业总产量为117.28×104t,占其金枪鱼总产量的60%[3]。我国大陆地区金枪鱼围网渔业起步较晚,但发展较快,渔船已由2001年的1艘发展到2004年的8艘  相似文献