鲍活体倍性检测技术的研究     

林美金 《福建水产》2012,34(3):225-230

在生物有机体中,一个细胞核中所含的DNA总量对于某种类有机体是一定的。利用流式细胞仪(FCM)测量细胞中的DNA含量,可以用来鉴别有机体的倍性。本研究分别取杂交鲍[即皱纹盘鲍(Haliotis discus hannai)×盘鲍(Haliotis.discus discus)]的一小块触手、足肌,设计不同的振荡时间、不同的DAPI染色时间、不同的取样部位,制备成不同的细胞悬液检查样品;用PA-Ⅱ型倍体分析仪测定其倍性,以探讨其对倍性检测效果的影响。试验结果表明:振荡的最适时间为1.5～2.0 min,染色的最适时间为4.0～5.0 min;取材部位的不同对检测结果无显著影响。  相似文献   

一种利用流式细胞术鉴定梨倍性的方法     

王晓庆  骆军  施春晖  张学英  奚晓军  徐方杰 《中国农学通报》2014,30(31):46-51

流式细胞术鉴定植物染色体倍性的方法广泛应用于果树多倍体育种中,然而相关流式细胞术鉴定梨染色体倍性的方法还没有系统的研究。以梨树叶片为试材系统优化了各个流式细胞术关键实验节点,结果表明：实验材料选取当年春季新梢第3~5 片梨树嫩叶,尤其是大棚新梢嫩叶最好;叶片前处理时用蒸馏水、去离子水依次洗净叶片表面后,再用去离子水浸泡10 min;使用WPB解离液对梨叶片细胞核进行提取后,用500 目滤膜过滤2 次,离心1 次后用流式细胞仪进行检测可得到理想的实验结果。该方法步骤简单、结果可靠,是一种快速、高效的梨染色体倍性鉴定的方法,可广泛用于梨树多倍体鉴定。  相似文献   

适合草莓倍性鉴定的流式细胞术方法的建立     

王淑珍  周历萍  阮松林  来文国  马华升  童建新 《浙江农业学报》2014,26(3):0

比较了3种提取液制备红颊、川九1号、吉林草莓细胞核悬液流式细胞术检测效果,结果显示,提取液Ⅲ主峰粒子团清晰而集中,背景碎片少,试剂配方简单配制容易,且3种草莓材料倍性差异区分明显,优于其他2种提取液。对红颊草莓不同部位或不同来源的材料进行流式细胞术检测效果比较,结果表明,组培苗的检测效果明显优于大田试材,组培苗叶片因取材容易、主峰清晰、杂峰少、细胞碎片少而成为最佳试材。  相似文献   

不同倍性紫果猕猴桃雌雄株光合特性及叶绿素的含量     

韩桂军  贾存智  邓娴  韩小春  孟长军  毛祝新  张莹 《贵州农业科学》2017,45(10)

为猕猴桃选育和生产提供参考,比较不同倍性紫果猕猴桃雌雄株光响应和叶片叶绿素含量。结果表明:1)倍性和性别均显著影响猕猴桃对光强的响应,随光强的增加,各试样光响应曲线都呈先增加后减小趋势;高光强下,高倍性小种具有更高的光合速率。雄株对高光强具有更高的敏感性,光合速率达最大后其下降幅度更大。2)性别能显著影响猕猴桃叶片叶绿素含量,雄株的叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素a+b和胡萝卜素的含量均显著高于雌株,其中,Aa8x(♂)叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素a+b和胡萝卜素的含量均最高,分别达16.74mg/g、6.15mg/g、22.89mg/g和3.50mg/g。  相似文献   

Cytological Evaluation and Karyotype Analysis in Plant Germplasms of Elytngia Desv.     

MAO Pei-sheng  HUANG Ying  WANG Xin-guo  MENG Lin  MAO Pei-cbun  ZHANG Guo-fang 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2010,9(11):1553-1560

Elytrigia Desv. is widely distributed throughout the world and is represented with species of various levels of ploidy including diploids, tetraploids, hexaploids, octaploids, and decaploids. The distribution pattern of these ploidy levels, however, is not well-defined. In this study, the levels of ploidy for 64 accessions of Elytrigia from 25 countries were determined with microscopic procedures. The results showed that accessions of E. intermedia and E. repens were grouped into three distinct levels of ploidy including diploids, tetraploids and hexaploids. For E. elongata, E. pontica, and E. caespitosa, it was found that two ploidy levels presented, and only one ploidy level was in those of E. hybrid, E. pycnantha, E. pungens, E. juncea, and E. alatavica. Karyotype analysis indicated that the karyotype formula of diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid of E. intermedia was 2n = 2x = 14 = 6m ＋ 6sm ＋ 2st, 2n = 4x = 28 = 2M ＋ 10m ＋ 16sm and 2n = 6x = 42 = 4M ＋ 18m ＋ 20sin, respectively. Furthermore, the karyotype formula of three germplasms in tetraploid of E. intermedia was 2n=4x=28 =2M＋ 10m＋ 16sm, 2n=4x=28=4M＋22m （sat）＋2sm and 2n=4x=28 =4M＋ 12m＋ 12sm （sat）, which were not completely uniform. Therefore, it could be suggested that the studies about chromosome constitution would be helpful for the detail understanding of the diversity of germplasm resource in Elytrigia and promoting the utilization in the crop molecular breeding.  相似文献   

Influence of genetic background and plant age on expression of the potato late blight resistance gene Rpi‐phu1 during incompatible interactions with Phytophthora infestans     

J. Śliwka  M. Świątek  I. Tomczyńska  E. Stefańczyk  M. Chmielarz  E. Zimnoch‐Guzowska 《Plant pathology》2013,62(5):1072-1080

  相似文献   

大花萱草品种染色体倍性鉴定及杂交亲和性研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

雷媛  康黎芳  张超  曹冬梅  段九菊  蔺银鼎 《山西农业科学》2013,41(5):434-437

利用常规根尖压片法对14个大花萱草品种染色体的数目进行了鉴定,并研究了不同倍性大花萱草间的杂交亲和性。结果表明,摩洛歌之夏、光辉路线等5个品种为二倍体,2n=2x=22;新西兰I为三倍体,2n=3x=33;火绒、新西兰B等8个品种为四倍体,2n=4x=44;萱草相同倍性品种间杂交亲和,不同倍性品种间杂交亲和性较差,难以获得杂种后代。  相似文献   

不同倍性团头鲂群体遗传变异的初步分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

唐首杰  李思发 《上海水产大学学报》2007,16(2):97-102

从鲤的微卫星DNA标记中筛选4对有效引物，进行不同倍性团头鲂遗传变异的微卫星DNA分析。结果表明：（1）4对引物中有2对能在不同倍性团头鲂五群体中探测到多态性，其等位基因数为4～6个，大小在131～307bp之间。发现两个等位基因（MFW19—175和MFW19—256）可作为异源3n特异的微卫星DNA标记。（2）不同倍性团头鲂五群体内的Shannon多样性指数为0．0562～0．2887，Nei’s基因多样性指数为0．0315～0．1969，平均遗传距离为0．0395～0．1542，不同倍性团头鲂群体存在较大的遗传变异。（3）反交3n、异源3n、正交3n和同源4n—F1群体的Shannon多样性指数和Nei’s基因多样性指数均显著地高于2n群体（P〈0．05）。（4）分子方差分析和聚类分析的结果表明：五群体分子系统树分成明显的两支，同源4n—F1、正交3n、反交3n和异源3n为一支，2n为另一支。  相似文献   

柑橘愈伤组织植株再生及其倍性鉴定     

张俊娥  邓秀新 《华中农业大学学报》2007,26(2):237-238

愈伤组织保存是柑橘种质资源保存的一条值得探索的途径,具有节省人力、物力、财力以及避免自然灾害和病虫害等优点。研究表明[1],待测的35种基因型的愈伤组织中,只有9种具有体胚发生能力。对于具有体胚发生能力的愈伤组织,它们能否长成正常的植株,这对于利用愈伤组织进行细胞融合或遗传转化等生物技术研究具有非常重要的指导意义。本试验以具有体胚发生能力的8种愈伤组织为试材,分析其体细胞胚胎发生能力与再生植株生长状态的关系,通过改变培养基配方来诱导胚性愈伤组织畸形胚状体分化,为细胞融合和遗传转化提供参考。通过鉴定再生植株的倍…  相似文献   

Limited genotype- and ploidy-related variation in the nutritive value of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)     

Heba Salama  Marc Lösche  Antje Herrmann  Martin Gierus  Ralf Loges  Ulf Feuerstein 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(1):23-34

Abstract

Water-soluble carbohydrates and fibre fractions are important traits that influence forage utilization by the ruminant. Little is known about the quality variation among perennial ryegrass genotypes within the same maturity group or between near-isogenic diploids and tetraploids. The current study was carried out in the form of two experiments on two successive years (2006–2007) in three sites in Northern Germany. The main aim was to investigate the variation in nutritive value that could be attributed to differences in maturity among 20 intermediate heading perennial ryegrass genotypes or to differences in ploidy between near-isogenic diploids and tetraploids. Results of the first experiment revealed significant variation among the 20 tested genotypes in the investigated quality parameters that were consistent with the discovered variation in the maturity of the genotypes determined in terms of their Mean Stage by Count (MSC). In the second experiment, few but consistent significant differences were detected between near-isogenic diploids and tetraploids. The tetraploid derivatives had always significantly higher water-soluble carbohydrate content and lower neutral detergent fibre (NDF), acid detergent fibre (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) than their near-isogenic diploid parents.  相似文献