论网络环境下图书馆采编人员的素质建设   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

戴成英 《农业图书情报学刊》2010,22(8):343-346

文献采集是图书馆工作的起点,文献采编人员整体素质的高低直接影响到馆藏文献采集的方针、原则、计划和标准的理解能力和文献采集质量的优劣。论述了网络环境下,采编人员应具备的七大能力,分析了目前采编队伍存在的问题,并探讨了加强采编队伍建设的几项措施。  相似文献   

酸化剂改善动物胃肠道内环境机理的研究     

张相伦  杨在宾 《饲料博览》2013,(11):22-24

酸化剂可以提高动物的生产性能,改善胃环境,文章从两个方面综述了酸化剂改善动物胃肠道内环境机理的研究,并对酸化剂未来的研究方向做了展望.  相似文献   

An investigation of links between metabolic rate and feed efficiency in European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax     

Charles Rodde  Hugues de Verdal  Marc Vandeputte  Franois Allal  Julie Nati  Mathieu Besson  Felipe R Blasco  John A H Benzie  David J McKenzie 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(6)

Feed efficiency (FE) is the amount of body weight gain for a given feed intake. Improving FE through selective breeding is key for sustainable finfish aquaculture but its evaluation at individual level is technically challenging. We therefore investigated whether individual routine metabolic rate (RMR) was a predictor of individual FE in the European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax, a major species in European mariculture. The European sea bass has three genetically distinct populations across its geographical range, namely Atlantic (AT), West Mediterranean (WM), and East Mediterranean (EM). We compared FE and RMR of fish from these three populations at 18 or 24 °C. We held 200 fish (62 AT, 66 WM, and 72 EM) in individual aquaria and fed them from ad libitum down to fasting. FI was assessed for an ad libitum feeding rate and for a fixed restricted ration (1% of metabolic body weight·day⁻¹, with metabolic body weight = body weight^0.8). After being refed 12 wk in a common tank, individual RMR was measured over 36 h by intermittent flow respirometry. There was a significant effect of temperature whereby fish at 18 °C had greater mean FE (P < 0.05) and lower RMR (P < 0.001). There was also a significant effect of population, where AT fish had lower FE (P < 0.05) and greater RMR (P < 0.001) than WM and EM, at both temperatures. Despite these differences in temperature and population means, individual FE and RMR were not significantly correlated (P > 0.05). Therefore, although the results provide evidence of an association between metabolic rate and FE, RMR was not a predictor of individual FE, for reasons that require further investigation.  相似文献   

Effect of storage duration on egg quality,embryo mortality and hatchability in FUNAAB-ɑ chickens     

Monsuru Oladimeji Abioja  John Adesanya Abiona  Obafemi Foluso Akinjute  Henry T. Ojoawo 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2021,105(4):715-724

Effect of extended storage on egg quality, embryo mortality and hatchability in FUNAAB-ɑ chickens was determined. Hatchable eggs (n = 288; weighing 53.2 ± 4.67 g) collected from a flock of FUNAAB-ɑ layer breeder hens aged 32 weeks were stored in egg tray with broad end up under 16 ± 1.5°C for either 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 or 20 d. Before incubation, eight eggs from each group were evaluated for internal and external quality traits. Remaining eggs were set in an incubator and transferred into hatcher on embryonic day 18. Data collected were subjected to one-way analysis of variance. Egg weight loss (EWL; p < .001), surface area (p < .001), yolk diameter (p < .001), inner and outer blastoderm diameters (p < .05) and dead in germ (DIG; p < .001) increased with storage duration while yolk height (p < .001), yolk index (p < .001), albumen weight (p < .05), albumen height (p < .05), albumen index (p < .01), Haugh's unit (HU; p < .05), fertility (p < .001), hatchability of set (HATCHS; p < .001) and fertile eggs (p < .05) decreased. Weight losses of 0, 1.2, 2.2, 3.4, 4.6 and 6.1% were recorded in egg stored for 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 days respectively. Eggs stored beyond 8 days exhibited higher DIG and lower HATCHS. Shell percentage in 4 days storage (11.4%) was lower (p < .05) than in 16 days storage (13.4%). Shell thickness was similar in eggs stored for 0 to 12 days, but 8 days storage (0.60 mm) had thinner (p < .01) shell than day 16 (0.71 mm) and day 20 (0.73 mm) storage. Internal quality unit (IQU) was higher (p < .05) in fresh eggs (180.4) than in 12 days (167.8) and 20 days (167.8) stored eggs. Extended storage of FUNAAB-ɑ eggs caused EWL, surface area shrinkage, lowered HU and IQU, loss of yolk and albumen quality, increased blastoderm diameters and DIG, and decreased egg fertility and HATCHS from day 8 forward. Storing FUNAAB-ɑ eggs beyond 8 days reduced quality parameters; therefore, other mitigating factors are recommended when storing beyond 8 days.  相似文献   

纤维和蛋白质对肠道健康和环境的影响     

郑敏  欧阳满 《中国饲料》2021,1(6):9-12

由于膳食纤维和蛋白质对肠道健康和环境都有潜在的有益或有害影响,因此,膳食纤维和蛋白质在猪肠道中的发酵是一个值得关注的问题。本文综述了近年来有关膳食纤维和蛋白质发酵对猪肠道环境的影响及其对猪粪和猪舍含氮气体和异味排放的影响,同时探讨了蛋白质发酵和相关代谢化合物的生产,与膳食纤维发酵、对肠道健康、细菌蛋白质合成和氮排泄的影响。生产上可以采用不同的营养策略来应对集约化养猪生产对环境的的负面影响,如降低日粮粗蛋白质水平减少氮排泄。总的来说,日粮纤维和蛋白质水平是影响猪肠道发酵、氮排泄和环境影响的一个有效策略。  相似文献   

Effect of mixed rearing of barrows and gilts on backfat thickness and serum metabolite profiles of the Kagoshima-Kurobuta (Berkshire) pig     

Tsutomu Ohkoda  Katsunori Yoshida  Daichi Ijiri  Akira Ohtsuka 《Animal Science Journal》2021,92(1):e13655

We investigated the effect of mixed rearing of barrows and gilts on the backfat thickness and the serum metabolite profiles of Kagoshima-Kurobuta (Berkshire) pigs. A total of 149 pigs with an average body weight of 35 kg were divided into the following groups: 100%, 90%, 70%, 50%, 30%, 10%, and 0% groups consisting of 10 barrows (1 pen), 9 barrows + 1 gilt (3 pens), 7 barrows + 3 gilts (2 pens), 5 barrows + 5 gilts (3 pens), 3 barrows + 7 gilts (2 pens), 1 barrow + 9 gilts (3 pens), and 9 gilts (1 pen), respectively. All pigs were raised to a shipping weight of 120 kg. Mixed rearing significantly reduced (p < 0.001) backfat thickness, and the optimum mixing ratio of barrows and gilts was 7:3 (the 70% group). Four types of circulating sex steroids were found in both the barrows and gilts in the 50% group but were not detected in barrows from the 100% group. These results indicated that mixed rearing of barrows and gilts was effective for reducing the backfat thickness of barrows, and induced sex steroid hormones may influence the backfat thickness of barrows in mixed-reared groups.  相似文献   

Thermal biology and locomotor performance in Phymaturus calcogaster: are Patagonian lizards vulnerable to climate change?     

Rosa L. OBREGÓN  Jose A. SCOLARO  Nora R. IBARGÜENGOYTÍA  Marlin MEDINA 《Integrative zoology》2021,16(1):53-66

Behavioral and physiological traits of ectotherms are especially sensitive to fluctuations of environmental temperature. In particular, niche-specialist lizards are dependent on their physiological plasticity to adjust to changing environmental conditions. Lizards of the genus Phymaturus are viviparous, mainly herbivorous, and inhabit only rock promontories in the steppe environments of Patagonia and the Andes. Herein, we examine the vulnerability of the southernmost Phymaturus species to global warming: the endemic Phymaturus calcogaster, which lives in a mesic environment in eastern Patagonia. We studied body temperatures in the field (T_b), preferred body temperatures in a thermogradient (T_pref), the operative (T_e) and environmental temperatures, and the dependence of running performance on body temperature. P. calcogaster had a mean T_b (27.04°C) and a mean T_e (31.15°C) both lower than their preferred temperature (T_pref = 36.61°C) and the optimal temperature for running performance (T_o = 37.13°C). Lizard activity seems to be restraint during the early afternoon due high environmental temperatures. However, both, the high safety margin and warming tolerance suggest that the expected increase in environmental temperatures due to global warming (IPCC report in 2018) would not threaten, but indeed enhance locomotor performance in this population.  相似文献   

基于层次分析法的辽河干流水环境承载力评价研究     

孙亚飞  何俊仕  王捷  靳晓辉  冯德财 《节水灌溉》2015,(5)

目前,水生态文明建设提出后,水环境承载力成为衡量地区可持续发展能力的一项重要指标。为了解辽河干流沿岸城市的水环境承载状况,以辽河干流为研究区域,采用层次分析法,建立以水资源、社会、经济、生态环境为子系统的评价体系。代入各行政分区的样本值,进行辽河干流水环境综合承载能力计算。评价了各行政分区不同现状年的承载状况。  相似文献   

渗灌对日光温室番茄栽培环境的影响     

郭良士  秦富仓  姚云峰  刘慧军  刘艳春 《灌溉排水学报》2015,34(3)

研究了渗灌和漫灌对日光温室番茄栽培环境及番茄产量的影响。结果表明,渗灌下,土壤密度比漫灌低7.59%,差异极显著;土壤总孔隙度比漫灌高9.72%,差异显著;土壤黏粒和粉粒高于漫灌,而砂粒和细粗砾低于漫灌;观测时段内,渗灌下平均气温、10cm处土壤平均温度较漫灌分别高1.55℃、0.86℃,地表平均温度比漫灌低0.14℃;渗灌下温室空气相对湿度较漫灌低11.86%,以10:00—20:00差值最大;渗灌下番茄产量比漫灌高8.60%,且差异显著。  相似文献   

Study on Fans Cooling of Dairy Cowshed with Free Stall in Northern Mountainous Region of Hebei in Summer     

LI Hong-shuang  QIU Dian-rui  GUO Jian-jun  GAO Yu-hong  CUI Ya-li  BAI Li-na 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(4):1105-1110

The present objective of the study was to investigate the effect of fans cooling on dairy cow in northern mountainous region of Hebei in summer.Two cowsheds with the same structure and feeding technics were used to investigate the effect of fans on indoor temperature and humidity, physiological parameters and milking performance of dairy cow.The results showed that the average ambient temperature in cowshed with fans was 1.5℃ lower than that of the control cowshed, and the average wind velocity was 0.49 m/s higher than that of the control cowshed, reaching to 0.66 m/s.Temperature-humidity index (THI) of cowshed with fans was significantly lower than that of the control shed during the period of fans running (P<0.05).Besides, the rectal temperature and respiration rate of dairy cows in cowshed with fans were significantly lower than of the control cowshed (P<0.05), and the milk yield per cow per day was 17.0% higher than that of the control cowshed (P<0.05), however, the milk fat, milk protein and milk sugar were no significant difference from the control (P>0.05).Overall, fans could decrease indoor environment, moderate heat stress and increase performance and health of dairy cows in northern mountainous region of Hebei.  相似文献