The possible impact of climatic change on the avian community of dune ecosystems     

H. T. H. M. Meekes 《Landscape Ecology》1991,6(1-2):99-103

The possible effects of climatic change for the avifauna in the dunes, especially in the Netherlands, were analyzed with two different approaches. It is concluded that although there will be an influence on most species, only three or four species may be threatened, whereas two species may even benefit from the possible changes.  相似文献   

Aerobic bacterial flora of the nasal cavity in Gulf of California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups     

Hernández-Castro R  Martínez-Chavarría L  Díaz-Avelar A  Romero-Osorio A  Godínez-Reyes C  Zavala-González A  Verdugo-Rodríguez A 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2005,170(3):359-363

Nasal swab samples from clinically healthy California sea lions pups (Zalophus californianus) from six different reproductive rookeries in the Gulf of California were collected to determine the type and frequency of the representative aerobic bacterial microflora of their nasal mucosa. A total of 114 samples were examined and 100 bacterial isolates were identified and typified by microbiological and biochemical standard tests. Fifty four isolates corresponded to Gram positive bacteria (54%) and 46 isolates to Gram negative bacteria (46%). Fifteen bacterial genera were identified, including Micrococcus, Arcanobacterium, Corynebacterium, Moraxella, Neisseria, Escherichia, Kurthia, Acinetobacter, Staphylococcus, Brevibacillus, Bacillus, Klebsiella, Stenotrophomonas, Pseudomonas and Aeromonas. The most frequently isolated genera were Moraxella (24%), Micrococcus (18%), and Corynebacterium (15%). These results show the presence in the nasal cavity of sea lions of several microorganisms. Although considered part of the normal microflora, they may also be opportunistic pathogens for their hosts and may act as a potential natural sentinel of environmental changes.  相似文献   

Evidence for occurrence of an organophosphate-resistant type of acetylcholinesterase in strains of sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis Krøyer)     

Fallang A  Ramsay JM  Sevatdal S  Burka JF  Jewess P  Hammell KL  Horsberg TE 《Pest management science》2004,60(12):1163-1170

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is the target of a major pesticide family, the organophosphates, which were extensively used as control agents of sea lice on farmed salmonids in the early 1990s. From the mid‐1990s the organophosphates dichlorvos and azamethiphos were seriously compromised by the development of resistance. AChE insensitive to organophosphate chemotherapeutants has been identified as a major resistance mechanism in numerous arthropod species, and in this study, target‐site resistance was confirmed in the crustacean Lepeophtheirus salmonis Krøyer isolated from several fish‐farming areas in Norway and Canada. A bimolecular rate assay demonstrated the presence of two AChE enzymes with different sensitivities towards azamethiphos, one that was rapidly inactivated and one that was very slowly inactivated. To our knowledge this is the first report of target‐site resistance towards organophosphates in a third class of arthropods, the Crustacea. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Comparison of the API 20E and BBL Crystal E/NF Identification Systems for Differentiating Bacterial Isolates from Apparently Healthy Reared Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)     

Topic Popovic N  Benussi Skukan A  Strunjak-Perovic I  Coz-Rakovac R  Hacmanjek M  Hunjak B 《Veterinary research communications》2004,28(2):93-101

The ability of two commercial rapid identification systems, API 20E and BBL Crystal E/NF, to reliably identify bacterial isolates from the internal organs of reared sea bass were compared. The tests gave different results: API 20E identified bacteria as Pseudomonas spp. with 37% accuracy, while BBL Crystal E/NF identified them as Flavobacterium odoratum with 99% accuracy. Although F. odoratum is not a marine fish pathogen, conventional tests conducted with the same isolates were more indicative of them being Flavobacterium spp. than Pseudomonas spp., suggesting that BBL Crystal E/NF was more reliable in this identification. Both systems were found to be applicable for diagnostics of marine fish pathogens, but should be used with caution because of possible misinterpretation.  相似文献   

Effects of tidal flat reclamation on sediment quality and hypoxia in Isahaya Bay     

Yoshikuni Hodoki  Tetsuo Murakami 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2006,16(6):555-567

• 1. Ariake Bay, which is located in western Japan, has a large tidal range (>6 m) and a vast tidal flat (200 km²). In the early 1990s, the government‐managed Isahaya Reclamation Project began in the western part of Ariake Bay. A 16‐km² area of tidal flat in the inner part of Isahaya Bay was destroyed through reclamation and separated from the sea by a dyke, which created land and a freshwater reservoir.
• 2. Since the initiation of the project, fishery yields around Isahaya Bay have dramatically decreased. The objective of this study was to clarify the relationship between the work associated with the Isahaya Reclamation Project and the recent environmental deterioration in Ariake Bay, with references to present sediment thickness and organic matter content, and hypoxic water distributions in Isahaya Bay.
• 3. The organic matter load from the reservoir has increased since the initiation of the reclamation project and has been associated with a thick layer of fine sediment at the bottom of Isahaya Bay. The thickness of fine sediment and the total organic carbon content were higher in Isahaya Bay than in the freshwater reservoir.
• 4. Based on measurements in August 2001, hypoxic water spread widely in and around Isahaya Bay; the lowest dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration (0.53 mg L^?1) was observed just outside the dyke. An analysis based on a two‐layered box model using data obtained in August 2001 showed that the DO consumption rate in the bottom layer was high (0.61 mg O₂ L^?1 day^?1), and that 22–41% of the total organic carbon load needed to induce the hypoxic water was derived from the reclamation area.
• 5. Our findings strongly suggest that enclosed seas may suffer from eutrophic and hypoxic conditions because of their low seawater‐exchange rate. A comprehensive conservation programme and environmental assessment including physical and material transport processes in the system is needed to manage the environment of the enclosed sea.

Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

基于RFID技术的水产品供应链中信息管理的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高吉  翁绍捷  王玲玲  孙嘉岐 《安徽农业科学》2012,40(8):5019-5021

介绍了我国水产品的发展,剖析了水产品供应链技术的发展现状。针对我国水产品供应链中存在的信息不明、滞后、失真等问题,提出将RFID技术应用到水产品供应链中,通过电子标签记录水产品物流中生产物流、加工物流和销售物流的重要信息,包括生产、加工、仓储、运输和销售5个环节。首先提炼出水产品物流中各环节的关键信息,对信息进行标准化编码,建立适用于电子标签编码规则的编码生成平台,实现对水产品过程中信息有效的管理,为水产品的质量安全可追溯系统提供重要的信息。  相似文献   

钦州海鸭蛋产业现状及发展对策   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张华智  韦子先  杨照海  曹频英 《广西农学报》2012,27(4):56-58

广西钦州市特产“海鸭蛋”,营养丰富,不仅对人的神经发育有重要促进作用,而且具有降低血液胆固醇和预防老年痴呆症、防治动脉硬化等功能,深受消费者喜爱,在广西区内外享有盛誉。为了摸清钦州海鸭蛋产业生产情况,笔者通过现场调查访问、查阅资料等方式进行了解,分析钦州海鸭蛋产业现状、存在问题,并提出加快发展钦州海鸭蚤产业的6点发展对策建议。  相似文献   

生物酶法提取沙棘果渣总黄酮工艺的优化   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

徐升运  赵文娟  陈卫锋  任平  秦涛 《湖北农业科学》2012,(5):983-986

用生物酶法提取沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides)果渣中的总黄酮,通过单因素试验和正交试验优化提取工艺。结果表明,酶解体系各因素对总黄酮提取率影响的大小顺序为酶用量、酶解温度、酶解时间、pH,最佳提取条件为生物酶用量占沙棘果渣质量的4%、pH 5、酶解温度60℃、酶解时间120 min,料水质量比1∶30,此条件下总黄酮提取率可达到0.796%。与有机溶剂回流法和超声波法相比,生物酶法所得沙棘果渣的总黄酮提取率分别提高了51.91%和48.51%。  相似文献   

响应面法设计即食鲜海参加工工艺     

张硕  马满园  代晓琳  张崇禧 《广东农业科学》2012,39(12):106-108,121

为了探讨即食鲜海参加工工艺,在单因素试验的基础上,应用响应面方法设计正交试验,对鲜海参漂烫、调味、蒸煮等工艺进行优化。依据回归分析确定影响感官评价的影响因素,分析数据得出最佳加工工艺为:腌制温度21℃、腌制时间70 min、调料浓度64%,在此条件下实际测得感官评价为9.3分,符合商业无菌标准。所建立的回归方程能真实地反映腌制温度、腌制时间、腌制调料浓度对加工工艺的影响,通过优化能有效地提高生产工艺,并建立了一种生产软包装即食海参的新工艺。  相似文献   

EM菌对海参养殖水体主要污染物净化效果的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

田功太  刘飞  段登选  杜兴华  张金路  陈述江  张明磊  王慧 《山东农业大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,43(3):381-386

利用室内小试验与池塘试验相结合的方法,研究了不同浓度的EM菌原液对海参(Apostichopus japonicus Selenka)养殖水体的净化效果.结果表明,EM菌能显著降解氨氮(NH3-N)、亚硝酸盐(NO-2-)、磷酸盐(PO3-4-)、COD(P ＜0.05):Ⅳ组(4*109 cfu/m3)降解NH3-N、PO34-效果最佳,两者平均去除率在试验箱中分别为38.42％和58.33％,在试验池中分别为35.92％和33.00％;V组(5.0* 109 cfu/m3)降解NO-2-、COD效果最佳,平均去除率分别为22.73％(试验箱)和37.84％(试验池)、17.63％(试验箱)和18.51％(试验池);硝酸盐(NO-3-)在各试验箱变化不明显,在试验池中却升高71.33％;各试验组底泥中总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)去除效果不明显(P＞0.05).  相似文献