支持细胞中促卵泡素信号通路研究进展   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

高小燕  孙燕  张家骅 《动物医学进展》2006,27(5):1-5

支持细胞在精子生成过程中起重要作用,支持细胞的数量决定睾丸大小、生精细胞数量以及最终生成精子数量。促卵泡素作为保证雄性生育能力的重要激素之一,通过与支持细胞上的促卵泡素受体结合,诱导5种信号途径,导致支持细胞中各类转录因子被激活,引起基因表达发生变化,从而保证生精细胞顺利发育成精子。文章主要围绕支持细胞中促卵泡素信号途径,及其对细胞发育过程中相关基因表达的影响等方面进行了综述。  相似文献   

Histomorphometrical study of the testis in the desert Rodent,Gerbillus tarabuli,sexually immature and adult during the annual reproductive cycle     

Wissam Hamidatou Khati  Sadjia Hammouche 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2021,50(2):324-332

Our interest in the testicular study of the desert rodent, Gerbillus tarabuli, would provide a better comprehension of the seasonality of spermatogenesis in rodents. We thus performed a biometric, histomorphometric and statistical analyses in Gerbillus tarabuli sexually immature and adult during the annual reproductive cycle (active and regressed states of gonadal activity). For that, fixed testes were embedded in paraffin. Sections were stained using the modified Heidenhain Azan and then were subjected to morphometric measurements at the light microscopic level. The biometric study revealed a positive correlation between the body weight and the maturity state only, with an average of 20.8 ± 2.92 g in sexually immature Gerbils, 37.40 ± 1.86 g in the sexually quiescent adults (p < .01) and 40.40 ± 2.98 g in the sexually active adults (p > .05), while the testes weight (sexually immatures = 0.02 ± 0.003 g, sexually quiescent adults = 0.13 ± 0.01 g; p < .001 and sexually active adults = 0.27 ± 0.01 g; p < .001) and the gonadosomatic index (sexually immatures = 0.09 ± 0.02%, sexually quiescent adults = 0.36 ± 0.04%; p < .01 and sexually active adults = 0.68 ± 0.07%; p < .01) varied according to the maturity state and as well as to the season in the adults. Through the histomorphometric study, the tubular diameter showed a continuous increase from sexually immature Gerbils (72.83 ± 7.57 μm) to sexually quiescent adults (99.45 ± 4.34 μm) p < .05 then to sexually active adults (182.58 ± 5.22 μm); p < .001, this is explained by the appearance of a large lumen after puberty in the quiescent (26.32 ± 1.28 μm); p < .001 and the enlargement of the seminiferous epithelium in actives (75.11 ± 1.81 μm); p < .001. Besides, the nucleo-cytoplasmic ratio of Leydig cells (sexually immatures = 0.5 ± 0.02) diminishes significantly after puberty in the rest period (0.42 ± 0.03); p < .05 and then during the active period (0.24 ± 0.01); p < .001. These striking biometric and morphometric differences in Gerbillus tarabuli testis between sexually immature Gerbils, sexually quiescent and active adults, follow the photoperiod-induced changes in endocrine and exocrine functions and prove that Gerbillus tarabuli is a useful model to study histo-physiological relationships in the testis in order to develop a more complete understanding of spermatogenesis phenomenon.  相似文献   

Effect of local scrotal heating on the expression of tight junction‐associated molecule Occludin in boar testes          下载免费PDF全文

Z Zhang  X Fan  H Xi  R Ji  H Shen  A Shi  J He 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2018,53(2):458-462

The aim of this study was to determine whether local scrotal heating (42°C, for 1 hr) had an effect on the expression of tight junction (TJ)‐associated molecule Occludin in boar testes. Adult boars (Landrace, n = 6) were used and randomly divided into two groups (n = 3 each). Three boars were given local scrotal exposure to 42°C for approximately 1 h with a home‐made electric blanket of controlled temperature as local scrotal heating group, the other three boars received no heat treatment and were left at standard room temperature as control group. After 6 hr, all boars were castrated and the testes were harvested. qRT‐PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to explore the expression and localization of Occludin. qRT‐PCR and Western blotting showed that the protein and mRNA levels of Occludin significantly decreased in local scrotal heating group as compared to the control. Furthermore, immunoreactivity staining of Occludin was localized at the sites of the blood–testis barrier (BTB) and formed an almost consecutive and strong immunoreactivity strand in the control, while Occludin was limited to Sertoli cells (SCs) and no obvious immunoreactivity strand was present in local scrotal heating group. These data indicated that local scrotal heating decreased the expression of TJ‐associated molecule Occludin, which may be involved in heat‐induced spermatogenesis damage.  相似文献   

精子发生过程中相关基因的研究进展     

秦小伟  李振  任有蛇  张春香  吕丽华 《中国草食动物》2012,(5):65-69

精子发生是一个复杂的细胞分化和形态变化过程。生殖细胞内的许多基因被证明在精子发生过程中起着至关重要的作用。文章着重对干细胞因子辕c-kit系统、细胞周期蛋白基因、热休克基因和细胞凋亡相关基因等精子发生相关基因的研究进展进行了综述。  相似文献   

羊驼睾丸细胞凋亡及凋亡相关蛋白的定位     

贺俊平  姜俊兵  董常生 《畜牧兽医学报》2009,40(12)

本研究旨在观察羊驼睾丸的出生后发育和精子发生过程中的细胞凋亡及凋亡相关蛋白Bcl2和Caspase3 的定位.取材新生、12月龄和24月龄羊驼的睾丸,用TUNEL法检测睾丸发育和精子发生过程的细胞凋亡,用免疫组织化学技术检测凋亡相关蛋白Bcl2和Caspase3在羊驼出生后发育和精子发生过程中的定位.结果显示在新生羊驼睾丸未检测到TUNEL阳性细胞,Caspase3和Bcl2表达于间质细胞,提示在新生期凋亡蛋白参与间质细胞凋亡的调节,为曲精小管的发育提供空间;12月龄羊驼睾丸TUNEL阳性细胞定位于曲精小管中央部分,Caspase3 和Bcl2定位于间质细胞和曲精小管中央生殖细胞,提示在青春期(12月龄)羊驼睾丸,细胞凋亡和凋亡相关蛋白参与曲精小管管腔形成的调节;24月龄羊驼睾丸TUNEL阳性细胞定位于精原细胞、精母细胞和精子细胞,Caspase3 和Bcl2定位于间质细胞和各个发育阶段的生精细胞,Caspase3阳性细胞在精原细胞最高,向精母细胞和精子细胞逐渐减少,Bcl2在精原细胞弱阳性表达,在血睾屏障以内的曲精小管近腔室部分呈弥散性强阳性表达,提示在性成熟(24月龄)羊驼睾丸精子发生过程中,细胞凋亡主要发生于精原细胞和早期精母细胞,Bcl2可能抑制精母细胞之后生殖细胞的凋亡.结果提示在羊驼睾丸出生后发育和精子发生过程中存在细胞凋亡现象;凋亡蛋白Caspase3和Bcl2参与羊驼睾丸发育和精子发生过程中细胞凋亡的调节.  相似文献   

Seminiferous epithelium cycle staging based on the development of the acrosome in ram testis     

Sabina &#x;turm  Tanja &#x;vara  Ellinor Sprndly-Nees  Vesna Cerkvenik-Flajs  Mitja Gomba   Anna-Luisa Weber  Klaus Weber 《Journal of toxicologic pathology》2021,34(4):331

Testicular histopathology is considered the most sensitive and reliable method to detect the effects of chemicals on sperm production. To carry out a sensitive examination of testicular histopathology and interpret the changes require knowledge of spermatogenic stages. Spermatogenic staging based on acrosome development during spermiogenesis is conventionally performed in animal species routinely used for research and toxicity testing. In contrast, small ruminants, such as sheep and goats, are rarely used as animal models to evaluate toxicity in male reproductive organs. To the best of our knowledge, a comparable spermatogenic staging system in rams has not yet been fully characterised. Hence, this study aimed to adapt the existing spermatogenic staging based on acrosome development in bull testes to fit the seminiferous epithelium cycle of ram testes. The results show that spermatogenic staging based on acrosome development in bull testes can, with slight modifications, be efficiently used for the staging of ram testes.  相似文献   

绿牧草蝗精子发生观察   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

赵卓  任炳忠  奚耕思 《吉林农业大学学报》2005,27(6):603-605

首次对绿牧草蝗[Omocestus viridulus（Linnaeus）]精子的发生动态过程进行了连续观察和描述。精母细胞形态和细胞核形态变化等特征性指标显示：该种蝗虫精子发生过程总体可分为5个阶段：精原细胞时期、初级精母细胞时期、次级精母细胞时期、精子细胞时期和精子形成时期,最终成熟的精子通过交配活动排出体外。  相似文献   

The Special Expression and Comparison of the c-kit Protein in Spermatogenesis of Three Species of Locusts of Arcypteridae     

ZHAO Zhuo XI Geng-si 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2007,6(7):825-831

The aim of this study was to elucidate the expression and regulation of the c.kit protein in spermatogenesis of locusts. Immunohistochemistry and biological statistics were used to investigate the expression of the c-kit protein in four representative phases of spermatogenesis of three dominant species of locusts of Arcypteridae （Orthoptera： Acridoidea）, namely, Omocestus viridulus （Linnaeus）, Euchorthippus unicolor （Ikonn.）, and Euchorthippus vittatus Zheng, and so on, in Siping area of Jilin Province, China. The results revealed the following： （1） There was weak positive expression of the c-kit protein in spermatogonia and the positive granules were thinner; （2） there was a strong positive expression of the c-kit protein in primary spermatocyte and the positive granules became the largest than in all developmental stages; （3） the c-kit protein positive expression became stronger in secondary spermatocyte, while the positive granules became thinner; （4） there was strong positive expression of the c-kit protein and the positive granules were thinner in mature sperm, which were distributed on its head and tail; （5） there were strong positive protein granules massing at the end of spermary; （6） the positive intensity of the c-kit protein in spermatogenesis was significantly different among different species of locusts. The data suggested that the c-kit protein may play a crucial role in spermatogenesis as well as maintain the physiological action of sperms and fertilization, regulate the developmental speed of spermatogenesis, and/or maintain species isolation, etc.  相似文献   

雌二醇及其受体在北方山溪鲵精巢中的周期性分布          下载免费PDF全文

李亚琳  张育辉 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2007,35(2):58-62

用免疫组织化学方法检测雌二醇(estradiol)及其受体(estrogen receptor)在北方山溪鲵(Batrachuperus tibetanus)精巢发育周期中的表达变化。结果表明,在4~5月,雌二醇及受体在精原细胞的胞质中强表达;6月,雌二醇在精母细胞的胞质中表达较弱,其受体在精母细胞的核质中有较强表达;7月,雌二醇及受体在精子细胞的胞质中表达;8月,雌二醇及受体在精原细胞的胞质中和变态后的精子头部有弱表达;9-11月,两者均在精原细胞的胞质中及精子头部有较强表达。说明雌二醇及其受体存在于整个精巢周期中,二者在生精细胞中的强弱变化基本一致,其变化规律与精子发育周期密切相关;雌激素受体多存在于生精细胞的胞质中,雌激素可能以非基因组效应调控细胞的增殖,并与精子的发育成熟密切相关。  相似文献   

Descriptive morphometry and stereology in accessing the testis structure and function of the marsupial Philander frenatus (Olfers, 1818) (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae)     

Vanessa de Freitas Ferreira  Fernanda Carolina Ribeiro Dias  Kyvia Lugate Cardoso Costa  Sérgio Luis Pinto da Matta  Fabiano Rodrigues de Melo  Fabiana Cristina Silveira Alves de Melo 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2021,50(2):379-386

Philander frenatus is an important marsupial for the maintenance and conservation of the Atlantic Rainforest, however, it has biological characteristics that are still little explored. The study of the reproductive biology is an important key to understand the species reproductive strategies and to improve the development of conservation and management activities. The present study aimed to conduct a histological and morphometric investigation of the testis structure and function of P. frenatus. The average body and testicular weight were 445 g and 0.74 g, respectively, with a gonadosomatic index of 0.17%. The seminiferous tubules occupying 64.95% of the organ, totalising 9.26 m per gram of testis. The tubulesomatic and epitheliumsomatic indexes were 0.10% and 0.07%, respectively. Philander frenatus showed cell loss of approximately 98% during the proliferative phase and the spermatogenic yield was 10.3 cells. The high loss during the mitotic phase contributed to the low spermatogenic yield. The testicular parenchyma was composed of 35% of intertubular components, one of the highest proportions observed in mammals. Leydig cells were responsible for approximately 25% of the testes, followed by lymphatic space (6.44%), blood vessels and connective tissue (4% together). The organisation of the intertubular components resembles the Fawcett III category. The volume and number of Leydig cell per gram of testis were 2,627.12 µm³ and 91.28 × 10⁶ cells, respectively. High investment in the intertubular compartment, specifically number and volume of Leydig cells in P. frenatus is consistent with territorial behaviour and polygynic mating system, which have greater androgenic capacity.  相似文献