仔猪多发性关节炎病原菌的分离鉴定及耐药性研究     

张玉玉  吴家强  任素芳  郭立辉  王大鹏  尹斐斐  范凤玉  李俊  周顺  王金宝 《西南农业学报》2012,25(2):680-685

从山东地区32个猪场发生多发性关节炎的仔猪体内分离到15株病原菌。通过对分离菌株的形态染色、分离培养、生化试验及种特异性基因的PCR扩增等方法鉴定菌株,结果显示4株分离菌株为副猪嗜血杆菌,7株为猪链球菌,2株为化脓隐秘杆菌,1株为猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌,1株为猪丹毒杆菌。15株分离菌均对昆明小鼠有较强的致病力,且对先锋霉素类抗生素高度敏感,大多数菌株还对青霉素类、头孢菌素Ⅲ类、氟喹诺酮类、万古霉素、壮观霉素等抗生素高度敏感。该试验表明山东地区猪场仔猪多发性关节炎的病原菌主要是副猪嗜血杆菌和猪链球菌,可交替使用上述敏感抗生素防治该病。  相似文献   

山西运城地区苹果黄蚜对7种杀虫剂的敏感性     

封云涛  庾琴  王振  刘中芳  谢映平  范仁俊 《山西农业科学》2012,40(11):1214-1216

采用浸渍法在室内分别测定了2010,2011年苹果主产区运城苹果黄蚜田间种群对7种杀虫剂的敏感性。结果表明,运城地区苹果黄蚜对新烟碱类杀虫剂敏感性最高,对有机磷类杀虫剂敏感性最低,对7种杀虫剂敏感性顺序为:啶虫脒>吡虫啉>联苯菊酯>高效氯氰菊酯>氰戊菊酯>辛硫磷>马拉硫磷。通过2 a测定比较,运城地区苹果黄蚜对7种杀虫剂敏感性均有不同程度的降低,其中,对辛硫磷的LC50值2011年是2010年的6.46倍。建议运城地区苹果园中限制使用有机磷类杀虫剂,以减缓苹果黄蚜抗性的发展,新烟碱类、菊酯类杀虫剂则要注意合理轮换使用,以延长其防治使用寿命。  相似文献   

浙江省水稻三种飞虱对杀虫剂的敏感性测定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

何月平  张珏锋  肖鹏飞  陈列忠  陈建明 《浙江农业学报》2012,24(4):642-646

为了调查浙江省水稻飞虱抗药性现状,采用稻茎浸渍法测定了2010—2011年采自浙江省嘉兴市褐飞虱田间种群、杭州市白背飞虱种群以及长兴市和嘉兴市灰飞虱种群对几种常用杀虫剂的敏感性。测定结果表明,嘉兴种群褐飞虱对吡虫啉分别产生了615.9～814.2倍抗性,对噻虫嗪产生了66.2倍抗性,对噻嗪酮具有13.0倍抗性,对烯啶虫胺尚敏感;相对于2008年种群,2010年杭州白背飞虱种群对毒死蜱的敏感性降低了9.5倍,说明白背飞虱对毒死蜱的抗性上升很快;相对于2007年种群,2010—2011年长兴灰飞虱对噻虫嗪、毒死蜱和吡虫啉的敏感性分别降低了1.6,2.5和2.3倍;噻虫嗪和毒死蜱对长兴种群灰飞虱的毒力略高于嘉兴种群。根据敏感性测定结果,提出了针对防治水稻飞虱的田间用药和抗药性治理的参考意见。  相似文献   

关节炎患猪中猪丹毒丝菌的分离与鉴定     

梁跃  徐引弟  杨志昆  朱文豪  郭成留 《河南农业科学》2012,41(11):136-138

为给猪丹毒的防制提供依据,分离并鉴定了猪丹毒丝菌。将发生关节炎的猪关节液接种TSA培养基,挑取透明小菌落,染色,对G+小长丝杆菌进一步用猪丹毒丝菌16SrRNA基因的引物进行PCR鉴定。对鉴定为阳性的菌株进行药敏试验,结果显示,分离菌株对青霉素、头孢噻肟、头孢他啶、头孢曲松、头孢哌酮、头孢唑啉、氨苄西林、阿莫西林、克林霉素、四环素、强力霉素、环丙沙星等敏感,对新霉素、复方新诺明、庆大霉素、阿米卡星、万古霉素、痢特灵等完全耐药,临床上应根据上述结果指导用药。  相似文献   

The Abundance and Population Dynamics of Leptocybe invasa （Hymenoptera： Eulophidae） Galls on Eucalyptus spp. in China     

ZHU Fang-li  REN Shun-xiang  QIU Bao-li  HUANG Zhen  PENG Zheng-qiang 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2012,(12):2116-2123

  相似文献   

Bovine respiratory disease: efficacy of different prophylactic treatments in veal calves and antimicrobial resistance of isolated Pasteurellaceae     

Rérat M  Albini S  Jaquier V  Hüssy D 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2012,103(4):265-273

The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of two prophylactic antibiotic treatments against bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in veal calves. In addition, the antibiotic susceptibilities of isolated Pasteurellaceae were tested. The calves were treated either on the day of arrival by a single administration of tulathromycin (group A, n = 20), by a peroral administration of chlortetracycline, sulphadimidine, and tylosin (group B, n = 20) for seven consecutive days, or were not prophylactically treated (group C, n = 19). On the first day of clinically diagnosed BRD, transtracheal lavage samples were obtained prior to therapeutic treatment and were subsequently cultured. Pasteurellaceae isolates were tested for their susceptibility to 12 antimicrobial agents by the determination of the minimal inhibitory concentrations. During the first 56 d after arrival, different calves in group A and B suffered from one episode of clinically diagnosed BRD while calves of group C experienced two episodes. The average daily weight gain during the same period was significantly lower in group C (0.89 ± 0.04 kg/d) than in the two prophylactically treated groups (1.14 ± 0.05 and 1.15 ± 0.04 kg/d for group A and B, respectively). The improved performance of groups A and B in comparison to group C could be related to a lower incidence of respiratory disorders during the first days after arrival in the prophylactically treated animals. No differences in the clinical efficacy were seen between the two tested prophylactic treatments. The most prevalent bacterial pathogens isolated (n = 79) were Pasteurella multocida (23% of isolated pathogens), Mycoplasma bovis (18%), and Mannheimia varigena (16%). For the isolated Pasteurellaceae, a high resistance pattern was observed to tylosin (83% of the tested P. multocida and 88% of the Mannheimia spp. isolates resistant) and tilmicosin (56% of the tested P. multocida isolates non-sensitive).  相似文献   

山东省部分地区兔大肠杆菌病发病特点与药敏试验分析     

李峰  刘吉山  李书光  王玉茂  梅建国  沈志强 《中国养兔杂志》2012,(8):10-12

于2011年1月至2012年7月,自山东省潍坊、临沂、淄博、滨州等部分地区送检114份病死兔病例中,经细菌分离鉴定,共分离到45株大肠杆菌。对上述大肠杆菌发病病例及发病日龄分析发现,1~3月龄发病数量占到64.4%;通过对其他病原的分离鉴定发现,不同病例存在球虫、魏氏梭菌、巴氏杆菌、波氏杆菌、链球菌、兔瘟等混合感染问题,混合感染病例占总病例近50%;对分离菌进行了药敏试验,发现其存在不同程度的耐药情况,其中对复方新诺明耐药性高达95.6%,对环丙沙星、阿莫西林、庆大霉素、新霉素的耐药性比率超过60%,而且二重耐药、多重耐药的情况较为普遍。  相似文献   

After‐effects of drought did not predispose young Picea abies to infection by the bark beetle‐transmitted blue‐stain fungus Ophiostoma polonicum     

《Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research》2012,27(1-4):557-569

The defence of Norway spruce against a combined attack of the bark beetle Ips typographus and its associated blue‐stain fungi is based upon a) constitutive resin stored in ducts of the bark and sapwood, and b) induced resinosis in reaction zones surrounding the point of infection. Empirically, beetle epidemics are associated with external stresses, drought being a particularly prominent factor. An attempt was made to mechanistically explain the apparent link between drought and infestations, through studying after‐effects of drought on the induced defence in stressed trees. In the field, 3–5.5 m tall trees were exposed to artificial drought over three growth seasons to investigate whether this treatment would predispose them to fungal infection in a fourth season when drought was absent. Pre‐dawn xylem water potentials down to ‐1.85 MPa and a considerable foliage depletion were recorded. In the fourth season, the trees were inoculated with Ophiostoma polonicum, a pathogenic associate of Ips typographus. No difference in susceptibility could be seen between drought stressed trees and unstressed controls. Carbohydrate concentrations of foliage and branch bark were slightly enhanced and mineral nutrient concentrations strongly reduced in stressed trees.  相似文献   

鸭疫里默氏菌的分离鉴定及病理组织学观察     

高云航  幺乃全  徐凤宇  刘佳丽  张福君  马红霞  胡乐鹏 《中国兽医杂志》2012,48(5):20-22,98

从吉林某鸭场疑似鸭疫里默氏菌感染病/死鸭的脑部、心血分离到一株革兰阴性小杆菌,经细菌形态、生理生化、病理学观察、血清型鉴定与动物回归等试验,结果均证实分离株为RA,并将其命名为JL-RA1。该分离株对青霉素、替米考星、氟苯尼考高度敏感;而对头孢他啶、头孢曲松、磷霉素等多种药物完全耐药。  相似文献   

临床型乳房炎病原菌的分离鉴定及药敏试验     

陈松  杨建辉  李铁拴 《中国奶牛》2012,(1):23-27

本研究无菌采集唐山市某奶牛场临床型乳房炎病牛的奶样30份,对奶样进行了病原菌的分离培养、生化鉴定及药敏试验。从30份奶样中共分离到8种156株细菌,其中金黄色葡萄球菌58株(37.2%)、大肠杆菌17株(10.9%)、表皮葡萄球菌10株(6.4%)、无乳链球菌38株(24.4%)、乳房链球菌15株(9.6%)、停乳链球菌16株(10.3%)、克雷伯氏菌1株(0.6%)、变形杆菌1株(0.6%)。结果表明,葡萄球菌、链球菌为主要病原菌,其次是大肠杆菌,占总菌数的98.7%(154/156);药敏试验结果表明,主要致病菌对中药组方1(M、G)(蒲公英、连翘、瓜蒌、通草、川芎、土贝母、芙蓉叶、金银花、王不留行、当归)、中药组方2(G)(黄芪、党参、当归、通草、川芎、白术、木通、甘草、王不留行、路路通)、中药复方黄连乳腺炎注射液(M)、新霉素呈高度敏感。  相似文献