不同寄主松树对松突圆蚧耐寒性的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

钟景辉  张飞萍  江宝福  肖梅  陈家骅 《林业科学》2009,45(10)

通过测定过冷却点和低温暴露试验,比较不同寄主松树上松突圆蚧的耐寒性.寄生黑松和马尾松松突圆蚧雌成虫的过冷却点比寄生湿地松和火炬松的显著较高,2类过冷却点的平均值相差0.9～2.3℃,但寄生黑松和马尾松的雌成虫之间、寄生湿地松和火炬松的雌成虫之间均无显著差异.寄生马尾松2龄性分化后雌若虫的过冷却点比寄生湿地松的显著较高(高2.08℃);而2龄性分化后雄若虫则无显著差异.寄生马尾松的初孵若虫、1龄若虫、2龄性分化前若虫、2龄性分化后雌若虫、2龄性分化后雄若虫、雌成虫及种群总体,对低温暴露致死的起始敏感温度和-20℃低温暴露的死亡率,均比寄生湿地松的相应虫态和种群总体更低;寄生马尾松松突圆蚧种群的致死中有效伤害低温累积(LSIT50)比寄生湿地松种群的低;2种寄主松树松突圆蚧各虫态及种群总体在低温暴露下死亡率的变化规律均符合改进后的双变量逻辑斯谛模型.研究结果说明:寄主松树能够影响松突圆蚧的过冷却点和低温暴露死亡率,寄生湿地松种群的耐寒性比寄生马尾松种群的弱.  相似文献   

Performance analysis of a concentrating solar hybrid photovoltaic thermal system     

CUI Wen zhi  YU Song qiang  LIAO Quan 《保鲜与加工》2009,(1):86-90

The photovoltaic components of a hybrid photovoltaic thermal (PV/T) system are combined with a solar thermal collector, which generates both thermal and electrical energy simultaneously with a higher integrated efficiency. A three dimensional steady model of the concentrating solar PV/T system which has a plate type metallic thermal collector with a serpentine rectangular channel is developed. The processes of photovoltaic and thermal transformation and heat transfer in the PV/T collector are calculated and simulated. The effects of the optical concentrating ratio, coolant mass flow rate, ambient air velocity and glass cover on both thermal and electrical performance of the collector are presented and discussed.  相似文献   

Performance characterization of rigid polyurethane foam with refined alkali lignin and modified alkali lignin   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Zhi-ming Liu  Fei Yu  Gui-zhen Fang  Hui-jun Yang 《林业研究》2009,20(2):161-164

The two kinds of rigid polyurethane (PU) foams were prepared with respectively adding the refined alkali lignin and alkali lignin modified by 3-chloro-1,2-epoxypropane to be instead of 15% of the polyether glycol in weight. The indexes of mechanical performance, apparent density, thermal stability and aging resistance were separately tested for the prepared PU foams. The results show that the mechanical property, thermal insulation and thermal stability for PU foam with modified alkali lignin are excellent among two kinds of PU foams and control samples. The additions of the refined alkali lignin and modified alkali lignin to PU foam have little effect on the natural aging or heat aging resistance except for decreasing hot alkali resistance apparently. Additionally, the thermal conductivity of modified alkali lignin PU foam is lowest among two kinds of PU foams and control samples. The alkali lignin PU foam modified by 3-chloro-1,2-epoxypropane could be applied in the heat preservation field.  相似文献   

Identification of QTLs associated with salinity tolerance at late growth stage in barley     

Dawei Xue  Youzong Huang  Xiaoqi Zhang  Kang Wei  Sharon Westcott  Chengdao Li  Mingcan Chen  Guoping Zhang  Reg Lance 《Euphytica》2009,169(2):187-196

Salinity is a major abiotic stress to barley (Hordum vulgare L.) growth and yield. In the current study, quantitative trait loci (QTL) for yield and physiological components at the late growth stage under salt stress and non-stress environments were determined in barley using a double haploid population derived from a cross between CM72 (salt-tolerant) and Gairdner (salt-sensitive). A total of 30 QTLs for 10 traits, including tiller numbers (TN), plant height, spikes per line (SPL), spikes per plant (SPP), dry weight per plant, grains per plant, grain yield, shoot Na⁺ (NA) and K⁺ concentraitions (K) in shoot, and Na⁺/K⁺ ratio (NAK), were detected, with 17 and 13 QTLs under non-stress and salt stress, respectively. The phenotypic variation explained by individual QTL ranged from 3.25 to 29.81%. QTL flanked by markers bPb-1278 and bPb-8437 on chromosomes 4H was associated with TN, SPL, and SPP under salt stress. This locus may be useful in the breeding program of marker-assisted selection for improving salt tolerance of barley. However, QTLs associated with NA, K, and NAK differed greatly between non-stress and salt stress environments. It may be suggested that only the QTLs detected under salt stress are really associated with salt tolerance in barley. D. Xue and Y. Huang contributed equally to the article.  相似文献   

Cold hardiness of southern-adapted blueberry (Vaccinium × hybrid) genotypes and the potential for their use in northern-adapted blueberry breeding     

M. K. Ehlenfeldt    L. J. Rowland    E. L. Ogden    B. T. Vinyard 《Plant Breeding》2009,128(4):393-396

Twelve southern-adapted blueberry genotypes, both southern highbush ( Vaccinium corymbosum L. introgressed with 2x V. darrowi Camp) and rabbiteye ( V. ashei Reade), were evaluated for bud development using a morphological scale and for mid-winter cold hardiness using a shoot freezing assay. The winter of 2006–2007 was particularly warm producing higher bud development scores for several of the genotypes and an apparent decrease of cold hardiness. Significant differences in LT₅₀ values (treatments causing 50% bud mortality) were observed among the genotypes in both years, with a significant clone × year interaction. The greatest range in LT₅₀ values occurred in 2007, when values ranged from −11.9°C for 'Millennia' to −25.5°C for 'Reveille', two southern highbush cultivars. Results suggest that germplasm selected in North Carolina might typically have sufficient cold hardiness to be used without concern as parental material in the development of blueberry germplasm with northern adaptation. Other more southern germplasm was generally less hardy and, if utilized as parental material, the resulting progeny would require greater scrutiny with regard to cold hardiness.  相似文献   

MAPP对麦秸纤维-聚丙烯复合材料热力学性能的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

潘明珠  周定国  张述垠  Mosto Bousmina 《北京林业大学学报》2009,31(6):97-102

以麦秸纤维为增强材料、聚丙烯为基体物质、马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯（MAPP）为改性剂,制备麦秸纤维-聚丙烯复合材料。利用DMA、DSC、TG和SEM,探讨了MAPP的添加量（质量百分比1%、2%、5%、10%）和麦秸纤维形态（9、9～28、28～35、35目）对麦秸纤维 聚丙烯复合材料的热力学性能和结晶性能的影响。结果表明:①当MAPP的添加量为2%时,麦秸纤维-聚丙烯复合材料的储能弹性模量减小;当MAPP的添加量增加到5%、10%时,复合材料的储能弹性模量增加。②在麦秸纤维-聚丙烯体系内添加MAPP后,麦秸纤维 聚丙烯复合材料的结晶温度提高约1℃,结晶度增加了4%～8%;麦秸纤维以28～35目的形态作为聚丙烯基体的增强材料时,其复合材料的结晶温度为122.7℃,结晶率达到45.8%。③麦秸纤维-聚丙烯复合材料的热分解峰温分别为355和460℃。④麦秸纤维以纤维束的形态分布在基体聚丙烯中起增强作用,在整个体系内,麦秸纤维局部团聚且断裂明显。添加MAPP后,有利于基体物质在麦秸纤维表面的均匀覆盖。   相似文献   

金露梅耐盐生理特性的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

刘行  张彦广  安军超  常二梅 《河北农业大学学报》2009,32(2)

研究了金露梅在不同浓度的NaCl胁迫下的生理生化效应。结果表明:随着NaCl处理浓度的增加以及胁迫时间的延长,金露梅叶片中的膜透性、游离脯氨酸含量均呈上升趋势;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性呈缓慢下降趋势;过氧化物酶(POD)活性呈先下降后上升趋势;丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性糖含量呈先上升后下降趋势。研究证实了膜透性、丙二醛含量、游离脯氨酸含量、SOD及POD活性是金露梅5个重要的耐盐生理指标;可溶性糖含量变化幅度较小,可作为金露梅耐盐性鉴定的参考指标。  相似文献   

添加剂对稻秆燃烧过程中碱金属形态分布的影响     

马孝琴  丛晓霞  秦建光  骆仲泱  方梦祥  余春江 《河南农业大学学报》2009,43(3)

采用化学热平衡分析方法对稻秆燃烧过程中碱金属K的化学形态及其分布,以及添加Al,Si,S,P,Ca等元素对稻秆燃烧过程中碱金属的化学形态分布的影响进行了研究.结果表明,在稻秆中加添加Al或同时添加Al和Si,可以避免稻秆燃烧过程中发生结渣和沉积问题.温度低于900℃燃烧时添加S或温度低于1 100℃添加P.可有效的缓解稻秆中碱金属引起的结渣和聚团问题.系统中Ca的增加可有效的抑制碱金属引起的结渣和聚团问题,但有可能增加其引起的沉积和腐蚀问题.而Si的增加使K以液态形式存在的摩尔百分比增加,导致底灰聚团的现象加重.  相似文献   

吡啶羧酸铬对草鱼生长和糖耐量的影响   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

刘太亮  蒋明  文华  袁丹宁  吴凡  刘伟  冷向军 《华中农业大学学报》2009,28(2)

用分别添加0.0(CK)、0.2、0.4、0.8、1.6和3.2 mg/kg吡啶羧酸铬的饲料投喂初始体质量为(12.78±1.16)g的草鱼10周,研究吡啶羧酸铬对草鱼生长和糖耐量的影响.结果表明,饲料中添加吡啶羧酸铬O.8 mg/kg能显著提高草鱼的特定生长率、蛋白质效率和蛋白质沉积率,0.8 mg/kg组的饲料系数显著低于不添加铬的对照组.对照组及添加吡啶羧酸铬0.2～3.2 mg/kg组血糖的最高值分别出现在灌服葡萄糖后2 h、3 h、3 h、4 h、3 h和3 h.灌服葡萄糖后9 h时各组的血糖水平均降至比空腹时略高但无显著差异的水平.灌服葡萄糖后各组血糖高峰值以未添加铬的对照组最大,0.2～0.4 mg/kg和1.6～3.2 mg/kg组次之,0.8 mg/kg组最小.本试验结果显示,饲料中添加吡啶羧酸铬0.8 mg/kg能促进草鱼的生长,提高草鱼对葡萄糖的耐受量.  相似文献   

长期施肥对不同热量带土壤供氮能力的影响   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

朱霞  韩晓增  乔云发  李晓慧  王守宇 《华北农学报》2009,24(5)

研究利用中国科学院海伦、栾城、鹰潭农业生态试验站长期定位试验,结合温室盆栽,研究了长期施肥对不同热量带土壤供氮能力的影响.为我国不同热量带下农田土壤的生产潜力,平衡施肥等提供理论依据.结果表明:长期不同施肥土壤全氮、碱解氮和矿质态氮含量的高低顺序均表现为:化肥+有机肥 > 化肥 > 无肥.长期施肥对红壤供氮能力的增加幅度最高,其次为潮褐土,最低为黑土,且长期施肥对土壤供氮能力的增加幅度与土壤所处热量带的有效积温呈显著正相关(P<0.05).在长期不同施肥的土壤上种植小麦后,施肥土壤的作物生物量显著高于不施肥土壤(P< 0.05),且作物生物量的变化规律与土壤氮素含量的变化规律大体一致,说明通过生物试验所得的生物量可作为评价土壤氮素肥力的生物学指标.  相似文献