Changes in thyroid hormone levels in eggs and larvae and in iodide uptake by eggs of coho and chinook salmon,Oncorhynchus kisutsch andO. tschawytscha     

Mike Greenblatt  Christopher L. Brown  Michael Lee  Silvia Dauder  Howard A. Bern 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1989,6(5):261-278

Developmental profiles of thyroxin (T₄), triiodothyronine (T₃) and radioactive iodide uptake were established for eggs and T₄ and T₃ profiles were established for larvae (whole-body, yolk-only and body-only) of coho and chinook salmon. T₄ and T₃ were consistently present in all samples. In eggs, hormone levels remained fairly constant in all cohorst for at least the first three weeks of incubation, but then fluctuated in both directions in some sample groups. Large increases in T₄ (from 9 ng/g to 245 ng/g) were seen in 1985 chinook eggs 28 days after fertilization. Radioactive iodide uptake (which was used as a possible indicator of thyroxinogenesis) increased at least 10-fold in both 1986 coho and chinook eggs from 23–30 days after fertilization. T₄ (62 ng/g) and T₃ (393 ng/g) were found in the bodies of 28-day-old 1986 chinook embryos. In whole larvae, hormone levels varied depending upon the cohort studied. In general, initial body-only concentrations of both T₄ and T₃ decreased as body weight increased, but before yolksac resorption was completed, both thyroid hormone content and concentration increased (except for chinook T₃). T₄ and T₃ content in larval yolk stayed constant as yolksac size decreased, resulting in increased thyroid hormone concentration in the yolksac. All of these data suggest that the initial source of thyroid hormones in coho and chinook salmon eggs is maternal, but that by approximately 3–4 weeks after fertilization, the developing embryos begin to produce their own thyroid hormones. After hatching, increases in tissue T₄ and T₃ concentration coupled with constant T₄ and T₃ content in diminishing yolksacs suggest that larvae also produce their own thyroid hormones; yolksac content then may reflect both the original maternal hormones and the larva-producted hormones.  相似文献   

Vitellogenin in tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus): Induction of two forms by estradiol,quantification in plasma and characterization in oocyte extract     

Mitsuyo Kishida  Jennifer L. Specker 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1993,12(3):171-182

Two forms of vitellogenin were isolated by DEAE agarose ion-exchange chromatography from plasma of the tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus. The monomers have apparent molecular masses of 200 and 130 kDa, as indicated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and a total amount of phosphorus of 1.7 and 0.1%, respectively. Antibodies specific to the two forms, designated tVTG-200 and tVTG-130, were generated in rabbits and used to develop enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and in Western blot analyses of plasma and oocyte extract. SDS-PAGE of the oocyte extract showed a major protein band at 106.6, minor bands at 26.6, 24.2, and 23.7 kDa, and very faint bands at 83.4 and 17.5 kDa. Western blots of the oocyte extract revealed that the antiserum to tVTG-200 recognized strongly the protein bands at 24.2 and 23.7 kDa, and less strongly the bands at 25.1 and 22.6 kDa, whereas the antiserum to tVTG-130 recognized mainly the protein band at 106.6 kDa. The presence of both VTGs in untreated male tilapia was detected with the ELISAs using relatively high plasma volumes. Their presence in males was confirmed by VTG-like immunoreactive materials eluting from the ion-exchange column at the same positions as tVTG-200 and tVTG-130. The concentrations of the VTGs in males were several orders of magnitude lower than in vitellogenic females. Treatment of male tilapia with estradiol-17β (E₂) induced both VTGs within 24h. After 7 days, tVTG-130 reached a maximum concentration in plasma, whereas tVTG-200 continued to increase. Our findings demonstrate that the two vitellogenins are biochemically distinct, possibly differentially regulated, and made by both sexes.  相似文献   

怀头鲇、鲇及其杂交F↓（1）肝、胰脏胚后发育及卵黄吸收方式   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

关海红  潘伟志  陈军  赵春刚  刘伟 《中国水产科学》2006,13(3):460-465

利用形态学和组织连续切片技术,对怀头鲇（Silurus soldatovi）、鲇（Silurus asotus）及其杂交F1的肝、胰脏胚后发育和卵黄吸收方式进行对比观察.结果表明,3种鲇出膜后约2天在心脏后方有一肝细胞团,3天后肝细胞团逐步增大,4天后肝分叶.以后随着各种鲇生长速度不同肝、胰脏发育程度也不同.3种鲇的胰脏均为紧凑型,卵黄囊依照先卵黄球、后脂肪的顺序被吸收,3种鲇只有怀头鲇和杂交F1代卵黄吸收方式相同.出膜后4天,各鲇的卵黄均被全部吸收,腹腔上部大部分空间为肝脏占有,同时腹腔内出现结构简单的胃及肠.研究还发现肝脏的发育与卵黄囊密切有关.[中国水产科学,2006,13（3）：460-465]  相似文献   

杂交鲇及亲本胚后生长及卵黄吸收方式的比较     

关海红  潘伟志  陈军  赵春刚 《水产学杂志》2007,20(2):18-23

利用形态学和组织连续切片技术,对杂交鲇及亲本怀头鲇和鲇胚后生长及卵黄的吸引方式进行比较。结果表明:(1)在相同条件下上述鲇鱼生长速度有明显不同,其中,怀头鲇的生长速度较鲇鱼快,而杂交鲇介于二者之间;(2)仔鱼对卵黄的日净消耗量最大值出现在出膜后第1天,体长最大增长率出现在出膜后的第2天;(3)仔鱼出膜后第3天,卵黄全部吸引;(4)卵黄囊依照先卵黄球、后脂肪的顺序被吸收,三种鲇鱼卵黄吸收方式有所不同。其中,怀头鲇和杂交鲇卵黄吸收是由内向外,而鲇采用的是由外向内的吸收方式。  相似文献   

鸭肝炎病毒河南株的免疫保护试验研究     

陶海静  李华玮 《郑州牧业工程高等专科学校学报》2014,(1):16-18

为探讨河南省部分地区鸭肝炎病免疫失败的原因,对分离到的鸭肝炎野毒株(LY株)在雏鸭、鸭胚及鸡胚上进行免疫保护试验、交叉中和试验。结果表明DH-Ⅰ型血清对该LY株的免疫保护指数较低,明显低于LY株血清的保护指数,表明该疫区部分鸭肝炎野毒株的抗原性已发生改变;交叉中和试验对该结果进行了进一步的验证;另采用LY株和DHV-I病毒疫苗联合制备鸭肝炎高免蛋黄抗体用于临床免疫防治可使临床保护率达到90%以上。  相似文献   

高速打蛋机蛋清蛋黄分离中基于计算机视觉的散黄蛋识别研究     

谢雄峰  王树才 《广东农业科学》2014,41(17):176-179

链式打蛋机用于鸡蛋蛋清蛋黄的快速分离,针对鸡蛋散黄无法分离的问题,提出了基于彩色图像处理的对散黄蛋进行自动识别的方法.利用机器视觉装置采集链式打蛋机生产线上的图像,从每一幅原始图像中根据坐标裁剪出目标区域260×240像素的子图像,选定蛋黄的黄色区域作为样本点,在RGB空间利用欧几里得距离对图像进行分割,找出蛋清斗中蛋黄的区域,计算蛋黄区域的面积,通过蛋黄面积大小进行判断鸡蛋是否散黄,达到对散黄蛋进行识别的目的,本方法对散黄蛋识别的正确率达到96.67％;用图像识别的方法可快速判断鸡蛋散黄情况,可以将本方法应用到生产实践中代替人眼进行识别.  相似文献   

The effect of safflower meal substitution in a lysine fortified corn-soybean meal diet on performance,egg quality,and yolk fat profile of laying hens     

《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2016,25(2):256-265

  相似文献   

Research Progress on Immunoglobulin of Yolk in the Prevention and Treatment of Various Diseases     

QI Xiu-ye  SONG Xiang  WANG Ye-hua  XU Hai-yan  CHENG Fu-liang  GU Wei 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(9):2767-2772

Immunoglobulin of yolk (IgY) refers to the specific antibodies from the immune eggs, is the most important immunoglobulin in the yolk,which has the characteristics of stable chemical properties, high yield, low cost, high specificity and no toxic side effects, there was no cross serological reaction among animals breeds because of a long distance. IgY has a significant advantage in animal and human disease prevention and treatment. In this research,we reviewed the application of structural characteristics, physicochemical property and action mechanism of IgY in prevention treatment of animal disease and developing prospect, especially in the treatment of animal diseases, such as diarrhea and acute treatment of animal spirit, harm, large virus disease; zoonosis seriously endanger the safety of human property; Other aspects such as aquaculture, animal fur and other major diseases. IgY could effectively prevent and treat animal diseases, but also reduce the possibility of zoonosis, which will be of great significance for the protection of personal safety.  相似文献   

抗猪大肠杆菌高免卵黄的研制及对实验感染病例的疗效观察     

党如意  杨增岐  孙世铎  杜恩岐  张淑霞  张改智 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2004,32(Z1):50-53

本试验主要选择了引起猪黄白痢的常见致病菌株E.coli,K88,通过对其在专用培养基上增菌培养,制成油佐剂灭活苗免疫产蛋母鸡,运用微量凝集试验测母鸡抗体水平,待抗体水平达8 log2以上时,收取鸡蛋制成高免卵黄。选择6窝56头刚出生的未吮乳仔猪(母猪未免疫),第1,2窝16头用E.coli K88标准菌株500亿／头口服人工感染,第3,4窝18头口服E.coli K88标准菌株250亿／头,第5窝10头作为抗生素治疗对照组,第6窝12头为空白对照组,观察记录发病情况,待明显发病后,对第1~4窝仔猪用自制抗E.coli K88高免卵黄口服治疗。试验结果表明,口服抗E.coli K88菌株高免卵黄抗体对人工感染仔猪黄痢与白痢的治愈率分别为93.75％和88.89％,而应用抗生素庆大霉素的治愈率仅为50％。  相似文献   

外源性卵黄蛋白对鳗鲡GTH细胞和卵母细胞超微结构的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

姜仁良  吴嘉敏  高兵 《上海水产大学学报》1994,3(3):98-103

外源性卵黄蛋白与鲤鱼垂体（CPG）加绒毛膜促性腺激素（HCG）混合注射（试验组）对鳗鲡具有明显的催热作用，卵巢成热系数平均为56．17±11．74％，是对照组（CPG加HCG组）的2．87倍。试验组脑垂体促性腺激素细胞（GTH细胞）中除含有数量较多的小分泌颗粒外，球状分泌颗粒增加，内质网池扩大；卵母细胞直径为450．0微米，双层滤泡膜和放射带充分发育。对照组GTH细胞的球状分泌颗粒直径和内质网扩大均小于试验组；卵母细胞直径为270．0微米。而饲养在海水中75天，未经注射催情药物的雌鳗，脑垂体GTH细胞仅有小分泌颗粒，未见球状分泌颗粒，卵母细胞的放射带正在形成，胞内开始出现脂肪油球。试验结果表明，外源性卵黄蛋白与CPG加HCG混合注射有明显协同作用，对卵母细胞成热有显著促进作用。  相似文献