Effects of Different Substrates on Fermentation Parameters     

LIU Xiao-ming  YANG Zai-bin  LI Zhao-yong  WANG Xiao-ming  WANG Zhi-heng 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(9):2358-2363

Fermenting different raw materials (corn, soybean meal and cottonseed meal) with three kinds of strains (Lactobacillus, yeast and Bacillus subtilis) were employed to optimize the fermentation parameter with sensory evaluation, pH and amount of probiotics retention.The results showed that the time to reach stable pH of materials with different substrates was different.Cottonseed meal had the longest time to reach stable pH followed by soybean meal, while corn had the shortest time under the condition of same water content.Different substrates had no effect on initial pH of corn, soybean meal and cottonseed meal.The count of the probiotics was also influenced by different substrates.When pH reached steady state, corn had the largest number of the probiotics followed by soybean meal and cottonseed meal.The color and smell of three materials after fermented had distinctive features.But cottonseed meal had the highest viscosity followed by soybean meal and corn.Because of shorter time and more microorganisms, corn was better than soybean meal and cottonseed meal to be fermenting medium.  相似文献   

Effect of Soybean Meal Replaced by Brewer's Grain or Fermented Brewer's Grain on Growth Performance,Immune Organ Index and Intestinal Flora of Meat Geese     

JI Xiang-bo  YAO Guo-jia  LIU Jian  CHEN Li-dun  LI Xin-zheng  YANG Jian-ping  ZANG Yan-quan 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(10):2669-2675

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of soybean meal replaced by brewer's grain (BSG) or fermented brewer's grain (FBSG) on growth performance,immune organ index and intestinal flora of meat geese.A total of 250 geese at 28 days of age were randomly assigned to 5 groups with 5 replicates per group and 10 geese per replicate.The geese in control group were fed a basal diet (with soybean);The geese in groups 1 and 2 were fed the basal diet with the 10% and 20% BSG replacing the soybean,respectively;The geese in groups 3 and 4 were fed the basal diet with the 10% and 20% FBSG replacing the soybean,respectively.The whole experiment period was 42 days,including three phases:15 d (early stage),14 d (middle stage) and 14 d (later stage).The results showed as follows:①From the whole experiment period,compared with control group,the ADG of geese in group 1 was significantly increased (P<0.05),the ADG and ADFI of geese in group 4 were significantly decreased (P<0.05),there were no obvious change in growth performance of geese in groups 2 and 3 (P>0.05).② Compared with control group,the thymus index and spleen index of geese in groups 1,2 and 3 were extremely significantly increased at early stage (P<0.01);At middle and later stages,the spleen index of geese in group 2 were significantly and extremely significantly increased (P<0.05;P<0.01);There were no significant differences in bursa of fabricius index of geese among all groups (P>0.05).③ Compared with control group,the number of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in cecum in groups 1 and 2 were extremely significantly decreased at early and later stages (P<0.01),while the number of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus were increased in different degrees;the number of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus in cecum in groups 3 and 4 were extremely significantly increased at later stage (P<0.01).In conclusion,10% BSG replacing soybean in the basal diet could improve the growth performance and intestinal flora of meat geese;10% FBSG replacing soybean in the basal diet could promote the growth of beneficial bacteria of meat geese,but had no effect on growth performance;While 20% replacing soybean in the basal diet could decrease the feed intake and weight gain of meat geese,hinder its growth and development.  相似文献   

地衣芽孢杆菌对发酵床饲养仔猪生长性能、消化酶活性及肠道主要菌群数量的影响     

徐小明  白建勇  宦海琳  闫俊书  周维仁 《中国畜牧兽医》2015,42(4):923-928

本试验旨在研究发酵床饲养模式下日粮中添加地衣芽孢杆菌对仔猪生长性能、胰腺和小肠黏膜消化酶活性及肠道主要菌群数量的影响。选用108头体重13kg左右的35日龄健康苏钟猪,随机分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复12头,分别饲喂基础日粮(对照组)、基础日粮+40mg/kg杆菌肽锌+20mg/kg硫酸黏杆菌素(抗生素组)、基础日粮+300mg/kg地衣芽孢杆菌(益生菌组)的试验日粮。预试期7d,正试期52d。结果表明:1与对照组相比,日粮中添加地衣芽孢杆菌能够在一定程度上提高仔猪平均日增重、平均日采食量,降低料重比,但各组间差异均不显著(P0.05)。2与对照组相比,日粮中添加地衣芽孢杆菌能够极显著提高仔猪胰腺中淀粉酶活性、十二指肠黏膜中麦芽糖酶活性和空肠黏膜中乳糖酶活性(P0.01),十二指肠黏膜和空肠黏膜中蔗糖酶活性显著提高(P0.05)。3与对照组相比,日粮中添加地衣芽孢杆菌能够显著提高仔猪盲肠芽孢杆菌数量(P0.05);乳酸杆菌数量较对照组提高4.09%,大肠杆菌数量较对照组降低4.86%,但均未达到显著水平(P0.05)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,日粮中添加300mg/kg地衣芽孢杆菌能够提高发酵床饲养仔猪胰腺、小肠黏膜消化酶活性及盲肠芽孢杆菌数量,同时仔猪生长性能也在一定程度上有所改善。  相似文献   

蛋白原料发酵后营养价值评定研究     

陈如水  付瑞珍  史玉宁  魏凤仙  高方  黄元林  韩丙记 《现代畜牧兽医》2015,(6)

本试验把蛋白原料膨化豆粕、棉籽粕、菜籽粕经过啤酒酵母菌、凝结芽孢杆菌以及德氏乳酸杆菌发酵处理后,得到相应的发酵蛋白原料产品指标符合国家饲料卫生标准,小肽含量及其他营养成分得到改善,抗营养因子含量基本消除和降低,显著提高了酵母菌、乳酸杆菌、芽孢杆菌和总菌数,大大提高了蛋白原料的附加值,为节约蛋白饲料,有效提高蛋白原料的综合利用价值开辟了一条新的途径.  相似文献   

抗菌肽对发酵床饲养仔猪抗氧化指标、免疫指标及肠道主要菌群数量的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

白建勇  宦海琳  闫俊书  温超  周岩民  周维仁 《家畜生态学报》2015,36(5):66-70

为研究发酵床饲养模式下饲粮中添加抗菌肽对仔猪生长性能、抗氧化指标、免疫指标及盲肠主要菌群数量的影响,选用108头35日龄,体重13kg左右的健康苏钟猪,随机分为3组,每组3重复,每重复12头猪,分别饲喂基础饲粮(对照组)、基础饲粮+40mg/kg杆菌肽锌+20mg/kg硫酸抗敌素(抗生素组)和基础饲粮+300 mg/kg抗菌肽(抗菌肽组),试验期49d。结果表明:(1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加抗菌肽能够显著提高仔猪血清和肝脏中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性(P0.05),极显著降低肝脏丙二醛含量(P0.01);抗菌肽组肝脏谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性比抗生素组极显著提高(P0.01)。(2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加抗菌肽能够极显著提高仔猪十二指肠上皮内淋巴细胞数量(P0.01);抗菌肽组仔猪血清IgA含量分别比对照组和抗生素组提高4.03%、2.27%,抗菌肽组空肠上皮内淋巴细胞数量比对照组提高10.70%,但差异均不显著(P0.05)。(3)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加抗菌肽能够显著降低仔猪盲肠中大肠杆菌数量(P0.05);细菌总数降低5.98%,但差异不显著(P0.05)。综上所述,本试验条件下,饲粮中添加300mg/kg的抗菌肽能够提高仔猪抗氧化和免疫功能;减少仔猪盲肠中大肠杆菌数量,而对盲肠有益菌群无不良影响。  相似文献   

养殖模式对冬季商品肉鸭舍温湿指数的影响     

韩天龙  赵瑞霞  高翠英  陈学礼  王敏  张广和  张英浩  李志明 《家畜生态学报》2015,36(2):80-83

选择1日龄健康樱桃谷SM3系商品代肉鸭18 490羽,随机分为网上(N组)和发酵床上(B组)2组进行饲养,监测冬季一个完全生长周期内(42d)鸭舍温度(T)、相对湿度(RH)及温湿指数(THI)变化,探讨不同养殖模式对商品肉鸭舍温湿指数的影响。结果表明:N组和B组舍内平均温度均明显高于平均气温;N组舍内温度全部高于B组,N组平均温度比B组高8.32℃,差异显著(P0.05)。N组和B组舍内相对湿度均明显高于室外;N组舍内平均相对湿度比B组高2.47%,无显著性差异(P0.05)。试验期N组有16d处于热应激状态,B组有6d处于冷应激状态。结果提示,在北方寒冷气候下网上供暖养殖模式能为商品肉鸭提供更舒适的温湿度条件。  相似文献   

猪酒糟中毒的病因分析及防治     

王永发  左冬梅  周建伟 《养殖技术顾问》2015,(4):108

酒糟是酿酒的糟渣,农村养猪常把酒糟当作很好的猪饲料,如果猪食入大量发酵处理不当的酒糟会导致的一种中毒现象。中毒后病猪出现昏迷不醒、体温降低、呼吸缓慢、严重呕吐等症状。酒糟是酿酒工业的副产品,历来作为家畜的补充饲料而广泛应用,尤其用来饲喂猪。1临床症状与剖检变化乙醇中毒症状:当长期食用或大量食用新鲜或没有变质的酒糟引起的中毒,则为酒精和乙醇中毒。酒糟中除酒精外还含有酒油,由于酒油的存在使毒  相似文献   

木薯渣的发酵技术及其在动物生产中的应用     

刘虎  方热军 《北方牧业》2015,(7):21-22

木薯、马铃薯和甘薯合称为世界三大薯,木薯又有着"地下粮仓"、"淀粉之王"等誉称。木薯现已作为一种非粮作物并成为中国第六大热带作物,广泛栽培于广西、海南、广东、福建、云南、台湾等省区。木薯渣,是淀粉和酒精生产过程中的废弃物,其主要成分是纤维素,在自然环境下不易降解,对环境造成污染;同时,由于木薯渣含有氢氰酸、单宁和植酸等抗营养因子,限制了木薯渣的应用。某些微生物能自身合成纤维  相似文献   

干法厌氧发酵装备同步升温发酵及微生态网络研究     

衣蕊  赵立欣  姚宗路  冯晶  刘新鑫  于佳动 《农业机械学报》2023,54(4):376-385

干法厌氧发酵是提高农业农村废弃物处理效率及资源高效循环的重要技术之一。先前围绕该技术产甲烷效率低、传质传热不均匀等问题,提出了微好氧同步预升温干发酵技术,设计了配套装备,开展了小试和中试试验,产甲烷效率得到改善。为进一步提高放大装备的实际应用质量,在对发酵装置密封、进出料、喷淋循环系统等关键部件优化的基础上,探明了最优曝气量及实际应用中微好氧预升温阶段物质转化特性,揭示了微生物生态网络关系,评价了实际运行效果。结果表明：对关键部件的优化显著提升装备运行稳定性,微好氧同步预升温阶段最优曝气量为10 L/min,容积产气率达到1.20 m³/(m³·d)。物料在第40小时升温至42℃,曝气组各层物料温度较未曝气组均提高45.54%、32.46%和52.06%。同步预升温促进了物料各层纤维素和半纤维素的降解,提高了酸化效率,有机酸质量浓度分别提高59.83%、50.69%和20.85%,物料产气潜力提高34.9%。探明了微生物网络关系以及与发酵环境因子变化的相关性,发现微好氧预升温阶段具有协同作用的功能微生物SBR1031、Synergistale...  相似文献   

不同发酵程度茶叶对茶垢形成的影响     

周少锋  乾云菲  赵真  陈暄  黎星辉 《茶叶科学》2022,42(1):76-86

使用自来水冲泡绿茶、黄茶、乌龙茶和红茶等不同发酵程度的茶叶,将其产生的茶垢分别进行定量、傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)、基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)以及扫描电子显微镜-能谱(SEM-EDS)等理化性质分析.结果表明,红茶产生的茶垢质量显著小于其他茶类,而绿茶、黄茶和乌龙茶的茶垢质量无显著差异...  相似文献