Root characteristics of Alhagi sparsifolia seedlings in response to water supplement in an arid region,northwestern China   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

DongWei GUI  FanJiang ZENG  Zhen LIU  Bo ZHANG 《干旱区科学》2013,(4):542-551

The effect of variation in water supply on woody seedling growth in arid environments remain poorly known.The subshrub Alhagi sparsifolia Shap.(Leguminosae),distributed in the southern fringe of the Taklimakan Desert,Xinjiang,northwestern China,has evolved deep roots and is exclusively dependent on groundwater,and performs a crucial role for the local ecological safety.In the Cele oasis,we studied the responses of A.sparsifolia seedling roots to water supplement at 10 and 14 weeks under three irrigation treatments(none water supply of 0 m3/m2(NW),middle water supply of 0.1 m3/m2(MW),and high water supply of 0.2 m3/m2(HW)).The results showed that the variations of soil water content(SWC) significantly influenced the root growth of A.sparsifolia seedlings.The leaf area,basal diameter and crown diameter were significantly higher in the HW treatment than in the other treatments.The biomass,root surface area(RSA),root depth and relative growth rate(RGR) of A.sparsifolia roots were all significantly higher in the NW treatment than in the HW and MW treatments at 10 weeks.However,these root parameters were significantly lower in the NW treatment than in the other treatments at 14 weeks.When SWC continued to decline as the experiment went on(until less than 8% gravimetric SWC),the seedlings still showed drought tolerance through morphological and physiological responses,but root growth suffered serious water stress compared to better water supply treatments.According to our study,keeping a minimum gravimetric SWC of 8% might be important for the growth and establishment of A.sparsifolia during the early growth stage.These results will not only enrich our knowledge of the responses of woody seedlings to various water availabilities,but also provide a new insight to successfully establish and manage A.sparsifolia in arid environments,further supporting the sustainable development of oases.  相似文献   

Responses of root growth of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. (Fabaceae) to different simulated groundwater depths in the southern fringe of the Taklimakan Desert,China     

FanJiang ZENG  Cong SONG  HaiFeng GUO  Bo LIU  WeiCheng LUO  DongWei GUI  Stefan ARNDT  DaLi GUO 《干旱区科学》2013,(2):220-232

Alhagi sparsifolia Shap. (Fabaceae) is a spiny, perennial herb. The species grows in the salinized, arid regions in North China. This study investigated the response characteristics of the root growth and the distribution of one-year-old A. sparsifolia seedlings to different groundwater depths in controlled plots. The ecological adaptability of the root systems of A. sparsifolia seedlings was examined using the artificial digging method. Results showed that: (1) A. sparsifolia seedlings adapted to an increase in groundwater depth mainly through increasing the penetration depth and growth rate of vertical roots. The vertical roots grew rapidly when soil moisture content reached 3%-9%, but slowly when soil moisture content was 13%-20%. The vertical roots stopped growing when soil moisture content reached 30% (the critical soil moisture point). (2) The morphological plasticity of roots is an important strategy used by A. sparsifolia seedlings to obtain water and adapt to dry soil conditions. When the groundwater table was shallow, horizontal roots quickly expanded and tillering increased in order to compete for light resources, whereas when the groundwater table was deeper, vertical roots developed quickly to exploit space in the deeper soil layers. (3) The decrease in groundwater depth was probably responsible for the root distribution in the shallow soil layers. Root biomass and surface area both decreased with soil depth. One strategy of A. sparsifolia seedlings in dealing with the increase in groundwater depth is to increase root biomass in the deep soil layers. The relationship between the root growth/distribution of A. sparsifolia and the depth of groundwater table can be used as guidance for harvesting A. sparsifolia biomass and managing water resources for forage grasses. It is also of ecological significance as it reveals how desert plants adapt to arid environments.  相似文献   

Variation in Elymus repens susceptibility to glyphosate     

Liv Å. Espeby  Håkan Fogelfors  Sara Sjödal 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(3):211-219

Continuous increase in glyphosate use in Sweden has caused concern about resistance development, not least in connection with the possible introduction of crops resistant to glyphosate. In Sweden, the main weed targeted by glyphosate is Elymus repens (L.) Gould. We sampled 69 clones of E. repens to assess the magnitude and geographical distribution of variation in susceptibility to glyphosate. Clones originated from four habitat types: intensively and extensively used arable lands, field vicinities and other habitats, including natural vegetation. Susceptibility varied greatly among clones with GR50 (50% of untreated growth reduction) spanning over at least one order of magnitude, 17–278 active ingredient ha^?1 in a pot experiment setting. There was a strong covariance between geographic and genetic distance, but there was no evidence of geographic or genetic differentiation in GR50. Nor did GR50 vary consistently between habitat types. We conclude that no indication of past selection was found towards the resistance to glyphosate in E. repens clones in Sweden. The great variability in susceptibility suggests that there might be a potential for such selection.  相似文献   

具鳞水柏枝扦插繁育技术研究     

满丽婷  张文莲 《北方园艺》2012,(18):102-103

采用同一基质、不同生根剂进行具鳞水柏枝硬枝扦插育苗对比试验。结果表明:不同生根剂对插穗生根影响不存在显著性差异。秋季温室苗床扦插较易生根,插穗不需要特殊处理就可生根成活,成活率达93.50%,且根质好,根系分布均匀,而且经济实惠。  相似文献   

盐胁迫条件下骆驼刺与绿豆光合日变化特征及午休现象的成因   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

吾木提汗·卡克木  海利力·库尔班  陈其军  王学臣 《干旱区研究》2012,29(6):1039-1045

为了研究盐生豆科植物骆驼刺与盐敏感植物绿豆在盐胁迫下光合日变化与光合“午休”现象的成因,在网室培养,并用0 mmol•L^-1(对照)、50 mmol•L^-1、100mmol•L^-1、200 mmol•L^-1 NaCl处理2周,测定光合作用日变化、叶绿素含量和Rubisco大亚基基因的表达等参数。结果表明：未经盐处理时,骆驼刺和绿豆光合日变化均呈单峰型;经盐处理后,两者光合日变化响应有明显差异。骆驼刺50～200 mmol•L^-1NaCl处理后,其净光合速率（Pn）均比未处理(对照)上升速率快,而其他处理峰值与对照之间没有显著差异;绿豆对照光合速率的上升则比盐处理的快,盐处理光合速率峰值低于对照。骆驼刺50 mmol•L^-1、100 mmol•L^-1和绿豆50 mmol•L^-1处理Pn没有出现“午休”现象,而骆驼刺200 mmol•L^-1处理与绿豆100 mmol•L^-1处理出现“午休”现象。骆驼刺在重度盐胁迫下,由于气孔导度（Gs）下降而引起轻微的“午休”现象,而盐处理绿豆中Rubisco被抑制,对Pn 午休的贡献比其Gs的贡献更为显著。在绿豆中大亚基基因（rbcL）的表达量随着盐胁迫的提高而下降。骆驼刺中rbcL的表达在50 mmol•L^-1和100 mmol•L^-1处理下有所增加,而在200 mmol•L^-1处理显著降低。绿豆和骆驼刺的总叶绿素含量及其Chl a/b比值的动态变化表明,绿豆PSI复合体下降速率较PSII快;与此相反,骆驼刺盐处理后PSI复合体浓度的增加却比PSII复合体快。  相似文献   

骆驼刺染色体数目及核型分析     

李红  赵淑文  乌都苏布德 《干旱区资源与环境》2012,(8):176-179

采用常规根尖压片法对分布于内蒙古自治区阿拉善荒漠地区的骆驼刺(Alhagi maurorum Medil.var.sparsifolium(Shap.)Yakovl.)染色体数目与核型进行了研究分析。结果表明:骆驼刺染色体数目为16条,二倍体。核型公式为2n=2x=16=12m+4sm,核型不对称系数为58.86%,核型类型属于2B型。  相似文献   

偃麦草属牧草种子同工酶比较研究     

乌仁其木格  张力君  易津 《内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1999,(2):49-63

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法对偃麦草属３种牧草种子酯酶和过氧化物酶同工酶进行了测定,分析了种间同工酶酶谱差异。结果表明,３种偃麦草种子的酯酶同工酶酶谱及酶活性都存在明显种间差异毛偃麦草与中间偃麦草间的同工酶酶谱有一定同源性。种间过氧化物酶同工酶酶谱及酶活性虽然有差异,但差异不如酯酶明显。因此认为酯酶同工酶可以作为偃麦草属植物种间遗传差异鉴定的重要标志。  相似文献   

猫尾射的组织培养     

张文珠  林炳英  林德钦  郑国华 《热带农业科学》2011,31(1):6-8,19

以猫尾射无菌播种苗（去除根部）为外殖体,对其愈伤组织诱导和分化及其不定芽增殖进行研究。结果表明,外殖体在MS＋6-BA 1.0 mg/L＋NAA 0.1 mg/L培养基上,愈伤组织诱导和分化的效果较好,愈伤诱导率为82.0%,分化率为74.5%;经不定芽增殖培养基MS＋6-BA 0.5 mg/L＋NAA 0.05 mg/L培养,不定芽增殖倍数为8.2,平均株高为4.7cm。组培苗在MS＋IBA0.5mg/L培养基上生根率达90%。生根苗移栽成活率达84%。  相似文献   

结实期骆驼刺与紫花苜蓿混贮效果的研究     

蒋慧  方雷  蒋涛  李胜利 《动物营养学报》2014,(12):3765-3771

本试验旨在确定结实期骆驼刺与紫花苜蓿混贮能否获得优良的青贮品质及其适宜混贮比例。采用单一苜蓿、单一骆驼刺及其二者不同重量百分比混合料(30%骆驼刺+70%苜蓿、50%骆驼刺+50%苜蓿、70%骆驼刺+30%苜蓿)为青贮原料,共5个处理,每个处理3个重复。通过分析青贮前、后的化学成分,鉴定青贮饲料感官品质和发酵品质。结果表明:2种牧草混合后,与单一苜蓿相比,显著或极显著提高了青贮原料的干物质、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维和可溶性碳水化合物含量(P<0.05或P<0.01);青贮90 d后,混贮料的乙酸含量显著高于单一骆驼刺青贮(P<0.05),单一骆驼刺青贮中未检测出丙酸含量;混贮料的氨态氮/总氮、p H、乙酸、丙酸、正丁酸、异丁酸、异戊酸、甲醇含量显著或极显著低于单一苜蓿青贮(P<0.05或P<0.01),其乳酸含量和乳酸/乙酸显著或极显著高于单一苜蓿青贮(P<0.05或P<0.01)。因此,混贮达到了既能改善苜蓿的发酵品质,又能软化骆驼刺的刺状花梗的目的,感官品质优良;骆驼刺占混贮料的30%时,可改善苜蓿青贮品质。  相似文献   

骆驼刺下胚轴组织培养和植株再生研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

谷文英  维纳汗 《草业科学》1997,14(3):32-33

实验分别以ＭＳ、１／ＳＭＳ为基本培养基，采用不同浓度组合的ＫＴ、ＮＡＡ和蔗糖进行骆刺下胚轴组织培养再生植株过程的研究。结果表明，分化培养基ＭＳ＋４．０ｍｇ／ＬＫＴ＋２０ｇ／Ｌ糖对诱导下胚轴分化出丛生芽效果最好。  相似文献