自由基清除剂的保护作用与甘蔗的抗旱性   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  

陈少裕  陈如凯 《作物学报》1994,20(2):149-155

用半胱氨酸、二苯胺、巯基乙醇，苯甲酸钠和α-生育酚等五种化合物作为外源自由基清除剂，研究自由基清除剂的保护作用与甘蔗抗旱性的关系。结果表明，外源自由基清除剂预处理降低了水分胁迫下甘蔗叶片细胞的膜脂过氧化程度和膜透性增加的程度，并延缓 甘蔗叶片叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量的下降。这些结果说明外源自由基清除剂在  相似文献   

Potential of a Fusarium eumartii culture filtrate on the screening for wilting resistance in potato     

Grisela L. Botta  María P. Dimarco  Alicia L. Melegari  Marcelo A. Huarte  Carlos A. Barassi 《Euphytica》1994,80(1-2):63-69

Summary Fusarium solani f.sp. eumartii Carp. Snyder and Hansen (Fusarium eumartii) is a soil inhabitant that induces the so-called Potato Wilt and Stem End Rot disease. Prior to wilting, the pathogen induces peculiar small bronze spots on the leaflets. Failure to isolate F. eumartii from infected leaflets suggests the involvement of a toxin in the disease. The fungus was grown in liquid Richard's medium and thereafter a filtrate was obtained dialyzing (MW cutoff 12,000–14,000) and sterilizing the culture by filtration (0.22 m). Potato leaves treated with both the pathogen or the filtrate showed symptoms of bronze spots and significantly higher electrolyte leakage when compared to controls. Tomato leaves showed neither bronze spots nor electrolyte leakage after plant inoculation with the pathogen or with the filtrate treatment. Both, the absence of visible symptoms and the lack of electrolyte leakage in tomato could be associated to a certain degree of host specificity of the F. eumartii filtrate towards potato. The filtrate also induced symptoms similar to infections by F. eumartii in adult plants and in vitro plantlets of cultivars Huinkul MAG and Kennebec. Callus responses to the filtrate were related to responses of the cultivars to the pathogen in greenhouse. These results show the potential of the culture filtrate of F. eumartii for use in screening for wilting resistance.  相似文献   

水稻抗病基因同源序列多态性与品种鉴定   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

孙雁王云月  何月秋朱有勇 《种子》2001,(2):1-2

利用已知植物抗病基因不同保守序列设计的S1/AS3和XLRR for/XLRR rev两对引物对22个水稻品种DNA进行PCR扩增和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳.分析结果表明水稻抗病基因同源序列类型丰富,2对引物共扩增出143条带,品种间有差异的谱带92条,根据谱带差异可将供试品种完全鉴别出来.证明抗病基因同源序列分析可以用于水稻品种鉴定.  相似文献   

三黄占2号稻瘟病抗性与稻米直链淀粉含量的关系研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张少红  刘斌  朱小源  杨健源  伍尚忠  Hei Leung 《作物学报》2006,32(2):159-163

以高抗稻瘟病、直链淀粉含量（AC）较高的三黄占2号和高感稻瘟病、AC较低的丽江新团黑谷衍生的重组自交系群体为研究材料，从性状的相关性和控制两性状的基因在染色体上的位置关系剖析稻瘟病抗性和稻米AC的内在关系。结果表明，两性状间没有显著的相关性。3个与AC相关的QTL分别被定位在第5、6和7染色体上，其加性效应均来自丽江新团黑谷，起降低AC的作用。比较这些QTL与先前对同一群体鉴定的稻瘟病抗性基因（主效基因和QTL）在染色体上的位置，表明控制这两性状的基因上没有紧密连锁关系, 亦没有显著的基因间互作。据此认为，通过亲本的合理选择和分子标记辅助选择可以把三黄占2号稻瘟病持久抗性与理想AC整合到同一品系中，育成优质、抗病的优良品种。  相似文献   

Assessment of drought resistance in 20 accessions of Triticum aestivum L. and related species II. Stability in yield components     

K. C. Bansal  S. K. Sinha 《Euphytica》1991,56(1):15-26

Summary Stability in yield components was estimated in several species of Triticum grown across a range of soil moisture. The aim was to assess the effect of varying soil moisture on mechanisms leading to grain yield stability, particularly in the accessions identified as having stable yields and drought resistance viz., T. sphaerococcum, T. vavilovii and T. aestivum cv. C 306 (Paper I of this series). The study indicated that number of grains per spike provided stability to the accessions of T. sphaerococcum and T. vavilovii whereas number of spikes per unit area contributed towards the stability of T. aestivum cv. C 306. It is suggested that these accessions could be utilized as the genetic sources for improving specific yield components with regard to grain yield stability under droughted conditions.  相似文献   

Induction,genetics and possible use of glabrousness in chickpea     

R. P. S. Pundir  K. N. Reddy 《Euphytica》1989,42(1-2):141-144

Summary A giabrous mutant was identified from progenies of chickpea seeds that were treated with ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS). The mutant has no shoot hairs in contrast to the dense hairs on normal chickpeas. The character is governed by a single recessive gene. This mutant can be useful in certain pathological and eniomological studies.  相似文献   

Changes in Frequency of Plants Resistant to Barley Leaf Rust Caused by Puccinia hordei Otth. in a Barley Composite Cross Population     

M. Reinhold    M. E. Bjarko    D. C. Sands  H. E. Bockelman 《Plant Breeding》1993,110(1):35-40

The response of barley Composite Cross XLI to selection for resistance to leaf rust was evaluated. Representative samples from eight cycles of recurrent selection were inoculated with an isolate of Puccinia bordei Otth. in both the seedling and adult plant stage. Disease symptoms were evaluated 14 days after inoculation. The resistance in CC XLI increased with selection in the seedling stage from 15.1 to 20.5 %, and in the adult plant stage from 20.5 to 37.5 %, respectively. The largest gains in resistance were observed in the earlier cycles of recurrent selection. Significant fluctuations in percent resistant plants occurred between the years.  相似文献   

冬小麦根系干重对水分的反应类型   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

崔四平  刘子会  李运朝  马春红  郭秀林  李广敏 《华北农学报》2006,21(4):55-57

利用塑料管栽培方法,对15个黄淮海地区推广的小麦品种进行了根系对水分反应的研究。结果表明,这些品种的根系对水分反应不同。用聚类分析法可将品种分为正敏感型、不敏感型、较敏感型和负敏感型4种类型。品种的抗旱指数与根系反应没有明显的相关性。  相似文献   

Resistance to plant viruses: Obtaining genes by non-conventional approaches   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Roger Hull 《Euphytica》1994,75(3):195-205

Summary Plant viruses cause considerable losses to crops and none of the three current approaches to disease control are likely to give the long-term answer. The new concept of non-conventional protection, in which the expression of a viral or virus-related sequence in the plant genome interferes with the virus infection cycle, holds considerable promise for designing new resistance or protection genes. A series of targets in the viral genome is identified and a range of mechanisms for attacking those targets is discussed. There are several current systems which have been proved to give protection, at least to a certain extent, and many systems which are being researched upon for the future. Some of these are described to give a picture of the current situation and of the thinking for the future. The problems of field deployment of the transgenic plants are discussed, especially those associated with the risk to the environment. Various questions which molecular biologists and plant breeders will have to consider include what are desirable characters to have in protection genes and how these new genes should be deployed.  相似文献   

Screening of melon (Cucumis melo L.) germplasm for multiple disease resistance     

R. S. Pan  T. A. More 《Euphytica》1996,88(2):125-128

Summary Melon germplasm was screened for cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca fuliginea), downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) and Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis) resistance under artificial conditions except downy mildew for which screening was done under natural epiphytotic conditions. High level resistance to all the four diseases was not recorded in any of the collections tested. Nevertheless, ertheless, resistance to three diseases was located in three germplasm. Wild Cucumis species C. figarei exhibited absolute resistance to CGMMV and Fusarium wilt and high level resistance to downy mildew. Phoot or snapmelon (Cucumis melo var. momordica) — a non-dessert from of Indian origin—was highly resistant to downy mildew and resistant to CGMMV and medium resistant to Fusarium wilt. Iroquois was resistant to powdery mildew and medium resistant to downy mildew and CGMMV.  相似文献