兔肺炎双球菌病的病原分离鉴定及治疗     

莫玲  王文秀  刘吉山  姚春阳  庄金秋  王艳  韩文瑜  沈志强 《动物医学进展》2014,(11)

2013年山东滨州市某兔场发生仔兔高病死率、母兔流产的疾病。为了诊断治疗该病,本试验采集病死兔肺脏进行病原的分离,通过病原分离、形态学观察、生理生化试验、溶血试验、药敏试验等试验,证实分离菌为肺炎双球菌。该菌具有α-溶血性,对青霉素、头孢吡肟、阿米卡星等药物敏感;动物回归试验成功复制出兔肺炎双球菌病,症状典型,病理剖检变化明显。根据临床症状和药敏试验结果,用青霉素等药物进行治疗,病情得到有效控制。  相似文献   

Cystic Rete Ovarii and Uterine Tube Adenoma in a Rabbit     

James K. CHAMBERS  Kazuyuki UCHIDA  Kenichiro ISE  Hiroyuki NAKAYAMA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2014,76(6):909-912

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杏鲍菇菇脚对肉兔生长性能及肉品质影响研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曾宪录  郭丽琼  陈红曼  林俊芳  曹荣伟 《中国食用菌》2014,(3):45-47,51

研究在饲料中添加杏鲍菇废弃菇脚,并且投喂柚子皮对肉兔的生长性能及肉品质的影响。把48只30d～32d龄的新西兰肉兔随机分为3组,分别投喂0％、1％、5％烘干菇脚,同时每组又分为2组,分别投喂烘干柚子皮。结果表明添加5％杏鲍菇菇脚及投喂柚予皮均能显著降低兔粪TBARS水平,改善肠道抗氧化状况;饲喂菇脚对肉兔增重和兔肉品质没有影响,兔肉中无棉酚残留;柚子皮对增重无显著影响,但能显著降低兔肉胆固醇含量。  相似文献   

饲粮半胱氨酸水平对獭兔生产性能和SLC1A4基因表达的影响          下载免费PDF全文

曾洁  张恩平  陈玉林  周英昊 《家畜生态学报》2014,(10)

试验旨在研究饲粮中半胱氨酸含量对獭兔生长性能、毛皮品质和SLC1A4基因表达的影响。选取90日龄健康獭兔144只,随机分为4组(每组36个重复,每个重复1只)。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(半胱氨酸含量为0.25%),试验组饲喂半胱氨酸含量分别为0.60%、0.70%和0.80%的试验饲粮(在基础饲粮中分别添加0.35%、0.45%和0.55%半胱氨酸)。预饲期7d,正饲期40d。试验期间每隔10d,每组随机屠宰4只獭兔,取样测定皮毛品质和SLC1A4基因表达。结果表明:(1)饲粮半胱氨酸水平为0.70%的试验组末重和平均日增重显著提高(P0.05);料重比显著降低(P0.05);四个组间平均日采食量差异不显著(P0.05)。(2)饲粮半胱氨酸水平为0.60%和0.70%的试验组饲喂到130日龄时皮张面积显著增大(P0.05);三个试验组獭兔在100日龄时被毛密度均显著大于对照组(P0.05);半胱氨酸水平为0.70%的试验组被毛密度在130日龄时显著大于其他三个组(P0.05);半胱氨酸对獭兔皮张厚度无显著性影响(P0.05)。(3)饲粮半胱氨酸含量对獭兔皮肤、肝脏和十二指肠组织中SLC1A4基因的表达量影响极显著(P0.01)。SLC1A4基因的表达量均呈现先增高后降低的趋势,饲粮中半胱氨酸水平为0.70%的试验组达到最高值。这一趋势在皮肤组织中、肝脏和十二指肠组织中分别于110日龄和100日龄时表现得较为显著。由此可见,獭兔饲粮中半胱氨酸的最优水平为0.70%,且在110日龄前使用效果最佳。  相似文献   

Perceived damage and areas of needed research for wildlife pests of California agriculture     

Roger A. BALDWIN  Terrell P. SALMON  Robert H. SCHMIDT  Robert M. TIMM 《Integrative zoology》2014,9(3):265-279

Many wildlife species cause extensive damage to a variety of agricultural commodities in California, with estimates of damage in the hundreds of millions annually. Given the limited availability of resources to solve all human–wildlife conflicts, we should focus management efforts on issues that provide the greatest benefit to agricultural commodities in California. This survey provides quantitative data on research needs to better guide future efforts in developing more effective, practical and appropriate methods for managing these species. We found that ground squirrels, pocket gophers, birds, wild pigs, coyotes and voles were the most common agricultural wildlife pest species in California. The damage caused by these species could be quite high, but varied by agricultural commodity. For most species, common forms of damage included loss of crop production and direct death of the plant, although livestock depredation was the greatest concern for coyotes. Control methods used most frequently and those deemed most effective varied by pest species, although greater advancements in control methods were listed as a top research priority for all species. Collectively, the use of toxicants, biocontrol and trapping were the most preferred methods for control, but this varied by species. In general, integrated pest management practices were used to control wildlife pests, with a special preference for those approaches that were efficacious and quick and inexpensive to apply. This information and survey design should be useful in establishing research and management priorities for wildlife pest species in California and other similar regions.  相似文献   

Sardine and anchovy regime fluctuations of abundance in four regions of the world oceans: a workshop report   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

D. LLUCH-BELDA  R. A. SCHWARTZLOSE  R. SERRA  R. PARRISH  T. KAWASAKI  D. HEDGECOCK  R. J. M. CRAWFORD 《Fisheries Oceanography》1992,1(4):339-347

Regimes of high abundance of sardine (Sardinops sagax and Sardina pilchardus) have alternated with regimes of high abundance of anchovy (Engraulis spp.) in each of the five regions of the world where these taxa co-occur and have been extensively fished. When one taxon has been plentiful, the other has usually been at a reduced level of abundance, and vice versa. Changes in the four heavily fished regions that support S. sagax–the Japanese, Californian, Humboldt, and Benguela systems–from a regime dominated by one taxon to a high level of abundance of the other have occurred more or less simultaneously. In the Pacific Ocean, sardines have tended to increase during periods of increasing global air and sea temperatures and anchovies to decrease. The Japanese system is dominated by sardines to a greater extent than the other systems, and sardines off Japan appear to increase as the Kuroshio Current cools. At the eastern edge of the Pacific Ocean, sardines colonize cooler areas during periods of warming. The Benguela system is out of phase with the three Pacific systems. The four systems all appeared to be in a state of flux in the 1980s. Increased abundance of the subdominant taxon is often one of the first signs of change. Sardines are relatively sedentary in refuge areas when scarce but change behavior to become highly migratory and colonize cooler areas when abundant. Anchovies, by contrast, expand around a fixed geographic center.  相似文献   

维生素A对獭兔血液生化指标的影响     

张博琳  王思珍 《黑龙江农业科学》2014,(1):67-69

为了明确维生素A的合理用量,以90只獭兔为研究对象,研究了维生素A对獭兔血液生化指标的影响。结果表明,在基础日粮中添加10 000IU·kg-1维生素A对獭兔血液ALB和BUN含量有显著影响,ALB比对照提高了10.35%,BUN比对照下降了5.30%。因此,建议獭兔日粮中维生素A的添加量为10 000IU·kg-1。  相似文献   

优良牧草在家兔生产中的研究进展     

周松涛  ;巩耀进  ;李海利  ;谷子林 《饲料博览》2014,(9):27-30

优良牧草不仅蛋白质含量高,适口性好,且含有丰富的矿物质元素、胡萝卜素以及多种维生素等,是家兔优良高效生产重要的饲料。文章对优良牧草在家兔生产中的应用作以综述。  相似文献   

土霉素固体脂质纳米粒在家兔体内的药代动力学研究     

申芸  符华林  周凤 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,42(8):27-33

【目的】研究土霉素固体脂质纳米粒在家兔体内的药代动力学特征,以评价其应用效果。【方法】将10只家兔随机分为2组,分别按土霉素剂量20mg/kg腹腔注射土霉素固体脂质纳米粒和土霉素注射液,于设定的时间点采血,用HPLC法测定血浆药物质量浓度,并用DAS3.1.0药动学程序计算药代动力学参数。【结果】土霉素注射液与固体脂质纳米粒的达峰质量浓度(Cmax)分别为(3.676±0.376)和(3.699±0.562)mg/L;吸收平衰期(T1/2Ka)分别为(18.570±0.851)和(27.871±1.767)h;0-∞时段药时曲线下的面积(AUC(0-∞))分别为(83.955±3.720)和(170.150±10.403)mg/(L·h);0-∞时段的平均滞留时间(MRT(0-∞))分别为(36.848±0.268)和(44.672±0.392)h。【结论】土霉素制备成固体脂质纳米粒后,具有明显的缓释作用,血药质量浓度达峰值的时间推迟,同时药物在兔体内平均滞留时间明显长于土霉素注射液,生物利用度得以显著提高。  相似文献   

Population isolation exacerbates conservation genetic concerns in the endangered Amargosa vole, Microtus californicus scirpensis     

Jennifer L. Neuwald 《Biological conservation》2010,143(9):2028-2038

The ability of a taxon to maintain adaptive flexibility in a stochastic environment is a function of the genetic diversity within the population. In small, fragmented populations, genetic variation can become depleted more quickly than in larger, more contiguous populations. Characterizing the patterns of genetic variation and differentiation associated with these processes is an important step in establishing conservation priorities. The Amargosa vole, Microtus californicus scirpensis, is an endangered rodent persisting in the small, fragmented marsh complex surrounding the Amargosa River near Death Valley, California. This naturally patchy system has existed since the end of the Pleistocene (approximately 10,000 y.b.p.), however, fragmentation has been exacerbated by recent anthropogenic changes. For this study, I used five nuclear microsatellite loci and the cytochrome-b region of the mitochondrial genome to quantify levels of genetic variation, population substructure, and patterns of gene flow in M.c. scirpensis. These data were compared to a broadly distributed subspecies, Microtus californicus sanctidiegi. Overall levels of nuclear genetic variation were significantly lower in M.c. scirpensis, whether measured in terms of diversity or heterozygosity, compared to more broadly distributed conspecifics. Moreover, only two haplotypes were recovered from the mitochondrial data with over 90% of the observed haplotypes being identical. Despite low genetic diversity, significant genetic subdivision among M.c. scirpensis populations was detected using both pairwise F_ST and Bayesian clustering methods. Furthermore, isolation by distance analyses reveal that an important landscape feature, ephemeral tributaries, is critical for dispersal among population clusters. Recommendations for conservation management are presented.  相似文献