Comparative echocardiographic and clinical features of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in 5 breeds of cats: a retrospective analysis of 344 cases (2001-2011)     

Trehiou-Sechi E  Tissier R  Gouni V  Misbach C  Petit AM  Balouka D  Sampedrano CC  Castaignet M  Pouchelon JL  Chetboul V 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2012,26(3):532-541

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Decreased gene expression of insulin signaling genes in insulin sensitive tissues of obese cats     

Mori A  Lee P  Takemitsu H  Iwasaki E  Kimura N  Yagishita M  Hayasaka M  Arai T 《Veterinary research communications》2009,33(4):315-329

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) animal models have provided ample opportunity for investigating pathogenesis, as well as to evaluate novel treatment and prevention options for the disease. Because the domestic cat shares a similar environment with humans, it is also confronted with many similar risk factors for diabetes, such as physical inactivity and obesity. Obesity is a significant risk factor for diabetes in cats, and as such, the domestic cat may serve as an ideal model for investigating obesity induced insulin resistance. This study determined changes in insulin signaling genes within insulin sensitive tissues of obese felines. Quantitative RT-PCR was performed to determine mRNA levels of three important insulin signaling genes which have been implicated with insulin resistance: insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1, IRS-2, and phosphatidylinositol 3’-kinase (PI3-K) p85α. Obese cats had significantly lower IRS-2 and PI3-K p85α mRNA levels in liver and skeletal muscle as compared to control cats. This down regulation of insulin signaling genes in obese cats mirrors that of obese humans and rodents suffering from insulin resistance. Interestingly, preprandial blood tests indicated that our obese cats were no different from control cats with regards to glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, thus indicating that the obese cats used in our study had a moderate level of obesity. Therefore, insulin signaling gene alterations were occurring in insulin sensitive tissues of moderately obese felines before glucose intolerance was clinically evident. As such, the monitoring of key insulin signaling genes may have some important diagnostic value to determine the risk level and degree of obesity induced insulin resistance.  相似文献   

Association between Waste Management and Cancer in Companion Animals     

L. Marconato  C. Leo  R. Girelli  S. Salvi  F. Abramo  G. Bettini  S. Comazzi  P. Nardi  F. Albanese  E. Zini 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2009,23(3):564-569

Background: Increased cancer rates have been documented in people residing in areas around Naples characterized by illegal dumping and incineration of waste.
Hypothesis: Risk of cancer in dogs and cats is associated with waste management.
Animals: Four hundred and fifty-three dogs and cats with cancer and 1,554 cancer-free animals.
Methods: Hospital-based case-control study in Naples (low danger) and nearby cities having a history of illegal waste dumping (high danger). Odds ratio (OR) between high- and low-danger areas was calculated for all tumors and various malignancies in dogs and cats.
Results: An increased risk for cancer development was identified in dogs but not in cats residing in high-danger areas (OR: 1.55; 95% confidence interval: 1.18–2.03; P < .01). A 2.39-fold increased risk of lymphoma ( P < .01) accounted for the greater tumor frequency in dogs residing in high-danger areas. The risk of mast cell tumor and mammary cancer did not differ in dogs residing in high- or low-danger areas.
Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Waste emission from illegal dumping sites increases cancer risk in dogs residing in high-danger areas. An increased prevalence of lymphoma has been previously recognized in humans living close to illegal waste dumps. Thus, epidemiological studies of spontaneous tumors in dogs might suggest a role for environmental factors in canine and human carcinogenesis and can predict health hazards for humans.  相似文献   

Evaluation of the adverse effects of subcutaneous carprofen over six days in healthy cats     

Steagall PV  Moutinho FQ  Mantovani FB  Passarelli D  Thomassian A 《Research in veterinary science》2009,86(1):115-120

This study evaluated the adverse effects of carprofen in seven healthy cats. Values for CBC, biochemical profiles and platelet aggregation were measured before and at seven days after SID treatment with subcutaneous carprofen: 4 mg/kg (day 1), 2 mg/kg (day 2 and 3) and 1 mg/kg (day 4 and 6) (CG) or 0.35 ml of saline (SG) for six days in a randomized, blinded, cross-over study with a four-week washout period. No treatment was given on day 5. Endoscopy of the GI tract was performed pre-treatment and on day 7 post-treatment. There were no significant changes in hematological profiles, biochemical profiles and endoscopy grading scores within nor between groups, except for lower albumin values at baseline than on day 7 (CG), and globulin and ALP values were higher at baseline than on day 7 in CG and SG. SC administration of carprofen over six days did not cause any adverse effects on gastrointestinal, hematological, or serum biochemical variables.  相似文献   

Osteochondrodysplasia in Scottish Fold cats     

Malik R  Allan GS  Howlett CR  Thompson DE  James G  McWhirter C  Kendall K 《Australian veterinary journal》1999,77(2):85-92

OBJECTIVE: To better characterise the bone and joint problems which can develop in Scottish Fold cats. DESIGN: Retrospective study of cases seen in five veterinary clinics and radiographic survey of cats in a cattery. RESULTS: Six Scottish Fold cats (four castrated males, two spayed females) aged between 5 months and 6 years were presented for signs of skeletal disease including lameness, reluctance to jump, a stiff stilted gait, short misshapen distal limbs, swelling of plantar tarsometatarsal regions and short thick inflexible tails. A further four cases (one male, three females, 15 months to 11 years) were identified by radiographic screening of a cattery. A diagnosis of osteochondrodysplasia was based on characteristic radiological findings including irregularity in the size and shape of tarsal, carpal, metatarsal and metacarpal bones, phalanges and caudal vertebrae, narrowed joint spaces, and progressive new bone formation around joints of distal limbs with diffuse osteopenia of adjacent bone. A plantar exostosis caudal to the calcaneus was present in advanced cases. In all nine cases where pedigree information was available, affected cats allegedly originated from the mating of a Scottish Fold to a cat with normal ears. The severity and time of onset of physical signs, and rate of progression and extent of radiographic abnormalities, varied from case to case. Limited histological observations suggested the underlying problem may be an osteochondrodysplasia, related to inadequate cartilage maturation. Clinical signs were ameliorated by administration of pentosan subcutaneously in two of three cats in which it was trailed, and one of these also benefited from an oral glycosaminoglycan preparation. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical and radiological findings were ascribed to defective maturation and function of cartilage, particularly in the distal limbs, ears and tail. As all Scottish Fold cats suffered from osteochondrodysplasia of some degree, the best solution would be to avoid using fold-eared cats for breeding and instead use Scottish shorthairs.  相似文献   

Surgical correction of temporomandibular joint ankylosis in two cats     

Okumura M  Kadosawa T  Fujinaga T 《Australian veterinary journal》1999,77(1):24-27

Two cats with temporomandibular joint ankylosis were examined. Difficulty in opening the mouth and malocclusion were associated with trauma and fracture around the zygomatic arch and the condyle of the mandible after an automobile accident. Unilateral condylectomy or aggressive caudal mandibulectomy was performed to improve quality of life. Excision arthroplasty of the temporomandibular joint improved mandibular function and appearance. Some malocclusion remained but had no clinical significance.  相似文献   

Multiple myeloma in 16 cats: a retrospective study     

Patel RT  Caceres A  French AF  McManus PM 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2005,34(4):341-352

BACKGROUND: There is limited published information regarding feline multiple myeloma. Diagnostic criteria are derived from canine studies and to our knowledge, have not been critically reviewed for cats. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical and laboratory findings in cats with multiple myeloma and appraise diagnostic criteria. METHODS: Retrospective evaluation of medical records was performed. Inclusion required an antemortem diagnosis of multiple myeloma using 2 of 4 criteria: 1) >or=20% plasma cells in the bone marrow, or >or=10% if atypical plasma cells; 2) paraproteinemia; 3) radiographically-evident osteolysis; 4) light chain proteinuria. Alternatively, a postmortem diagnosis was based on the findings of multiple plasma cell neoplasms, with marrow involvement. RESULTS: Sixteen cats were diagnosed with multiple myeloma between 1996 and 2004, with a median age of 14.0 years; 9 of 16 (56%) were castrated males, and 7 of 16 (44%) were spayed females. Laboratory abnormalities included hyperglobulinemia (14/16, 87.5%), with 11/14 (78.5%) monoclonal and 3/14 (21.4%) biclonal gammopathies; hypoalbuminemia (4/16, 25%); light chain proteinuria, (4/9, 44.4%); hypocholesterolemia (11/16, 68.7%); hypercalcemia, (3/15, 20%); nonregenerative anemia, (11/16, 68.7%); regenerative anemia, (1/16, 6.2%); neutropenia (5/15, 33.3%); thrombocytopenia (8/16, 50%); and marrow plasmacytosis (14/15, 93.3%). Plasma cells were markedly immature, atypical, or both in 10 of 12 (83.3%) cats. Focal or multifocal osteolysis was noted in 6 of 12 (50%) cats for which radiographs were available for review; generalized osteopenia was found in 1 (8.3%) cat. Noncutaneous, extramedullary tumors were found in all cats assessed, 7/7 (100%), including spleen (6), liver (3), and lymph nodes (4). The disease in 1 of 2 cats with cutaneous tumors progressed to plasmacytic leukemia. CONCLUSIONS: Common findings in feline multiple myeloma include atypical plasma cell morphology, hypocholesterolemia, anemia, bone lesions, and multi-organ involvement. Based on the results of this study, we advocate modifying diagnostic criteria in cats to include consideration of plasma cell morphology and visceral organ infiltration.  相似文献   

Toxoplasma gondii-like organisms in skin aspirates from a cat with disseminated protozoal infection     

Little L  Shokek A  Dubey JP  Deheer HL 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2005,34(2):156-160

An 8-year-old, male domestic shorthair cat was referred to the Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania with a 3-day history of lethargy, inappetance, hyperemic skin nodules, coughing, and vomiting. Laboratory results included nonregenerative anemia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, hyponatremia, and increased alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities. Cytology of the skin nodules revealed many spindle- to crescent-shaped protozoal organisms, with morphology consistent with Toxoplasma gondii or Neospora caninum. Gross necropsy, histopathologic, immunohistochemical, and transmission electron microscopic findings confirmed a systemic protozoal infection; however, the organism exhibited characteristics of both N caninum and T gondii. Diagnosis of a T gondii-like infection was based on internal structures of the organism and positive reaction to rabbit polyclonal antibodies to T gondii. Reports of toxoplasmic dermatitis are rare in the cat and dog, and this is the first reported diagnosis of T gondii-like protozoa in skin aspirates.  相似文献   

Of all the nerve! A subcutaneous forelimb mass on a cat     

Tremblay N  Lanevschi A  Doré M  Lanthier I  Desnoyers M 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2005,34(4):417-420

A 16-year-old, male, neutered cat had a 2.5 X 1.5 cm mass on the medial aspect of the right carpus. Cytologic examination of a fine-needle aspirate of the mass indicated a markedly pleomorphic population of plasmacytoid to histiocytic-appearing cells. The cytologic diagnosis was malignant neoplasia of probable mesenchymal or round cell origin. The right forelimb was surgically removed and the scapular, axillary, and prescapular lymph nodes were excised. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma was tentatively diagnosed histologically; however, the tumor cells subsequently were found to be negative for histiocytic (MAC 387, antitrypsin), T-cell (CD3), and B-lymphocyte (immunoglobulin light chains, Ly 5/CD45R) markers, and positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein, vimentin, and S-100. Based on the immunohistochemical results, the diagnosis was modified to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (PNST). Six months after surgery, the cat was reported to be well and had no evidence of metastasis. PNSTs are rare tumors in cats, and are considered as synonymous with schwannomas, neurofibrosarcomas, and hemangiopericytomas. In this cat, the plasmacytoid and pleomorphic appearance of the PNSTcells in cytologic and histologic specimens was unusual, and made it difficult to reach an accurate diagnosis without immunocytochemistry.  相似文献   

Dermal mass aspirate from a Persian cat     

Zimmerman K  Feldman B  Robertson J  Herring ES  Manning T 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2003,32(4):213-217

A 1-year-old spayed female Persian cat with alopecia and weight loss had numerous variably ulcerated dermal nodules. Cytologic examination of an aspirate of one of the nodules revealed pyogranulomatous inflammation along with septate hyphae and basophilic round bodies, 0.5–1.0 μm in diameter, surrounded by a thin clear halo (arthrospores). The cytologic diagnosis was dermatophytic pseudomycetoma. Histologically, there were dermal granulomas containing poorly staining, septate hyphae with bulbous spores embedded within abundant amorphous eosinophilic material (Splendore-Hoeppli reaction), and the histologic diagnosis was pseudomycetoma-associated chronic multifocal severe granulomatous dermatitis with lymphocytic perifolliculitis and furunculosis. Microsporum canis was cultured from the lesion. Pseudomycetomas are distinguished from fungal mycetomas, or eumycotic mycetomas, by the findings of multiple lesions, lack of a history of skin trauma, an association with dermatophytes, most commonly Microsporum canis , and, histologically, lack of true cement material and a more abundant Splendore-Hoeppli reaction in pseudomycetomas. Additionally, pseudomycetomas differ from dermatophytosis, in which lesions are restricted to epidermal structures. Persian cats have a high incidence of pseudomycetoma formation, suggesting a heritable predisposition. The prognosis is fair with systemic antifungal therapy. When examining cytologic specimens from Persian cats with single or multiple dermal nodules, especially if pyogranulomatous inflammation is present, a diagnosis of pseudomycetoma should be suspected and is warranted if arthrospores and refractile septate hyphae are present.  相似文献