发酵鸡粪养鱼试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

曹光辉  赵兴范 《齐鲁渔业》1994,11(4):24-26

用充氧动态发酵机加工鸡粪，并将这种发酵鸡粪添加到饲料中，进行池塘和网箱养鱼试验，均取得良好效果。  相似文献   

Effects of Using Live Grass Shrimp (Palaemonetes varians) as the only Source of Food for the Culture of Cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis (Linnaeus, 1758)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

António V. Sykes  Pedro M. Domingues  José P. Andrade 《Aquaculture International》2006,14(6):551-568

The life cycle of cuttlefish fed ad libitum exclusively on live grass shrimp (Palaemonetes varians) was studied during 5 consecutive generations. Different culture temperatures promoted different (P < 0.05) exponential growth for each life cycle, being summer generations shorter than those of winter. Higher temperatures promoted higher IGR’s and mortality, while lower temperatures promoted increased life span, reproduction stages, total fecundity and total egg biomass. Increased generations also seemed to increase fertility. A “hybrid” generation promoted the best results in terms of hatchling weight, individual fecundity and fertility. Mean egg weight was related to female size and embryonic development took longer at lower temperatures. Brood stock sex ratios seemed to be temperature related. All of these culture aspects were also compared between themselves in order to establish future brood stock methodologies. Grass shrimp proved to be a good diet for the culture of cuttlefish throughout the life cycle. The use of only one species reduces costs and labor associated to cuttlefish culture.  相似文献   

The effect of dietary protein on the growth and survival of the shrimp, Penaeus monodon in outdoor tanks   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M.A. Burford  D.M. Smith  S.J. Tabrett  F.E. Coman  P.J. Thompson  M.C. Barclay  & P.J. Toscas 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2004,10(1):15-23

The comparative effect of reducing the protein content of formulated feed on the growth and survival of black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon, and on water quality was tested in outdoor tanks. Three diets, 300, 350 and 400 g kg^?1 crude protein (CP), were fed to P. monodon (3.1 g animals, 25 animals per m²) in each of eight replicated outdoor 2500 L tanks in an 8‐week trial. There was no statistical difference (P > 0.05) in shrimp growth rate (1.34–1.50 g week^?1), survival, or final biomass between the treatments. However, when tanks with lower survival were removed from the analysis (<60 and <80% were tested), shrimp growth rate was statistically higher (P < 0.05) in the 350 and 400 g kg^?1 CP diets than in the 300 g kg^?1 CP diet treatment. There were no differences in the nutritional condition of shrimp between treatments, as determined by moisture and protein content, and lipid content of the digestive gland. Using ¹⁵N‐nitrogen isotope tracers, it was determined that shrimp were consuming natural biota, although these were unlikely to have contributed substantially to their nutrition. Total nitrogen (TN) concentrations in the water column increased over the eight week experiment and were statistically different (P < 0.001) between treatments (3.60, 5.17 and 6.45 mg L^?1 in the 300, 350 and 400 g kg^?1 CP treatments, respectively). Concentrations of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) were also statistically different between treatments and made up 35–40% of the TN in the water column. Concentrations of total ammoniacal nitrogen (TAN) and oxides of nitrogen, and fluorescence were not statistically different between treatments but there was a trend of higher concentrations in treatments with higher protein levels. There was no difference in sediment nutrients between treatments. This study has shown that there is scope to reduce the protein content of P. monodon diets but only by 5–10%. However, further validation of these results in commercial ponds is needed. Reducing the feed protein content may result in cost savings and also has the advantage of improving water quality and reducing nitrogen discharge.  相似文献   

Growth, survival and fillet composition of paddlefish, Polyodon spathula (Walbaum) fed commercial trout or catfish feeds     

Richard J Onders  Steven D Mims  Barbara A Wilhelm  & Jesse D Robinson 《Aquaculture Research》2005,36(16):1602-1610

Paddlefish are gaining increasing acceptance as an aquaculture species worldwide. Commercial trout feeds, containing high protein and lipid levels, are currently used in intensive culture; however, nutritional requirements of paddlefish are not currently known. A study was conducted examining the effects on growth, survival and fillet composition of juvenile paddlefish when fed commercial feeds differing in protein and lipid levels. Paddlefish larvae were first stocked in 14.0 m³ round tanks and fed trout starter feeds for 43 days until trained to accept a 1.6 mm pellet. Paddlefish juveniles of mean weight (±SE) 20±0.27 g were randomly stocked into six0.02 ha ponds at 12 500 ha^?1 and fed floating commercial trout or catfish (lower protein and lipid) feeds, twice daily (08:00 and 15:30 hours) for 92–97 days. At harvest, there were no significant differences in final weight, percent survival, specific growth rate , relative growth and feed conversion ratio between treatments, which averaged 223.6 g, 96.2%, 2.5% day^?1, 10.2 and 1.98 respectively. Surface feeding activity index was significantly higher in ponds supplied with catfish feed than in ponds supplied with trout feeds. Relative pellet buoyancy was not a factor in feeding activity. Fulton's condition factor averaged0.238, was not significantly different, and was similar to a reported value for extensively cultured paddlefish (zooplanktivore). There was no significant difference in liver somatic index between treatments, which averaged 1.91%. Percent protein and moisture of fillets averaged 14.9% and 80.9%, respectively, and were not significantly different between treatments. However, lipid content of fillets was significantly higher in paddlefish fed the trout feed (4.45%), compared with paddlefish fed the catfish feed (2.42%). Fillet lipid content for both treatments was higher than reported values for extensively cultured paddlefish. Percent abdominal fat was significantly higher (0.82%) in paddlefish fed the trout feed compared with paddlefish fed the catfish feed (0.52%). Results from this study indicate that paddlefish can be fed a commercial catfish feed labeled to contain 32% protein and 4.5% lipid without adverse effects on growth, survival and fillet composition, lowering production costs.  相似文献   

Identification and characterization of genes that control fat deposition in chickens     

Hirwa Claire D’Andre  Wallace Paul  Xu Shen  Xinzheng Jia  Rong Zhang  Liang Sun  Xiquan Zhang 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2014,5(1):22-37

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Evaluation of cholesterol additions to a soyabean meal-based diet for juvenile Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei (Boone), in an outdoor growth trial     

E.O. DUERR  W.A. WALSH 《Aquaculture Nutrition》1996,2(2):111-116

Cholesterol is considered a required nutrient for penaeid shrimps, but an optimal level has not been defined. A 68-day grow-out trial was conducted in 1300-L outdoor tanks in Hawaii, USA, to determine the cholesterol level required in a soyabean meal-based diet for juvenile Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei (Boone). Test feeds were prepared by adding six cholesterol levels (1.0-10.2 g kg^?1, as-fed basis) to a standard diet high in plant-protein meals, starch and flour. These feeds were provided to the shrimp three times daily. Harvest weights and weekly growth increments varied significantly among diets. The 2.3 g kg^?1 and 4.2 g kg^?1 cholesterol diets yielded better growth than the 1.0 g kg^?1 and 10.2 g kg^?1 diets. Survival and feed conversion ratios did not vary significantly among diets. Significant dietary cholesterol effects on growth of P. vannamei in conditions resembling commercial grow-out indicate that its inclusion in practical diets at more accurately defined levels is necessary. Optimal cholesterol levels for juvenile shrimp may be lower than those now utilized, and may vary relative to the contribution of free sterols from natural foods in shrimp ponds.  相似文献   

鸡白细胞介素-18对H9亚型禽流感灭活油乳苗的免疫增强作用     

郭晓庆  金钺  顾阳  潘鑫龙  乔涵  陈红英 《安徽农业科学》2014,(26):9048-9050

[目的]探索鸡白细胞介素-18（IL-18）在H9禽流感（AI）灭活油乳苗免疫中的免疫佐剂作用.[方法]从鸡脾淋巴细胞中克隆鸡IL-18基因,亚克隆到真核表达载体pcDNA3.1（＋）中,构建真核表达质粒pIL-18.将重组真核表达质粒pIL-18、H9亚型AI灭活油乳苗及其二者联合分别免疫14日龄SPF鸡,检测其细胞免疫和体液免疫水平,评价鸡IL-18在H9亚型禽流感灭活油乳苗中的免疫增强作用.[结果]成功克隆了鸡IL-18全基因,大小为597 bp.质粒pIL-18和H9亚型AI灭活油乳苗联合免疫的SPF鸡所产生的HI抗体效价在接种第4周后明显高于H9亚型AI灭活油乳苗免疫组;其T淋巴细胞的增殖反应也强于H9亚型AI灭活油乳苗免疫组.[结论]质粒pIL-18能提高H9亚型禽流感灭活油乳苗诱发的免疫应答,为研究防制禽流感的新型疫苗提供了新思路.  相似文献   

Effect of different feed formulations on feed efficiency, gonad yield and gonad quality in the purple sea urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma     

M. SENARATNA  L.H. EVANS  L. SOUTHAM  & E. TSVETNENKO 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2005,11(3):199-207

The nutritive values of three pelleted prepared diets, based on animal (AP), vegetable (VP) and yeast protein (YP) were studied for the sea urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma (Val.). Fresh macroalga Ulva australis was used as a natural control diet. Triplicate groups of five animals were fed one of the four diets ad libitum every second day for 85 days. Sea urchins fed pelleted feeds had significantly higher food consumption rates (dry basis) and significantly lower total and protein absorption efficiencies compared with the algal diet. The gonad yield and gonad production efficiency in sea urchins fed the natural diet were significantly higher compared with initial group (gonad yield only) and urchins fed animal and vegetable diets, but did not differ significantly from those of the animals fed the yeast diet. Percent protein and lipid in the gonads were not affected by the dietary source. The taste and smell of gonads were generally better in sea urchins collected from the wild or fed yeast and natural diets than in sea urchins fed animal and vegetable diets. The animal protein diet was the most stable in seawater while the yeast protein diet had the poorest water stability. The results of this study suggest that development of a more stable, single‐cell, protein‐based diet has a potential to promote gonad production of H. erythrogramma.  相似文献   

宁都黄鸡卵巢中卵泡生长速度的研究     

欧阳建华  熊建华 《江西农业大学学报》1999,21(2):279-281

试验以我省名地方鸡种－宁都黄鸡成年母鸡为研究对象，每天间隔饲喂脂类染色剂ＳｕｄａｎⅢＳｕｄａｎＢｌａｃｋ，其卵泡因其脂质被染色而形成红墨相间的染色环，根据染色环圈数判断卵泡成熟前迅速生长的天然，根据染色环半径计算出卵泡第天沉积量。  相似文献   

鸡粪中雌激素的生物学测定     

张旭晨  张鹤亮  张兆琴  靳建虎 《河北北方学院学报(自然科学版)》1999,(2)

本试验选用性成熟前小白鼠59只,按体重随机分成四组,分别为烘干鸡粪组、鲜鸡粪组、药物处理组和空白对照组,其中烘干鸡粪组14只,其余三组均为15只,对照组和药物组喂以不含鸡粪的常规饲料,其中药物组用苯甲酸雌二醇肌注,鲜鸡粪组喂以含60％鲜鸡粪的饲料,干鸡粪组喂以含60％烘干后鸡粪的饲料试验结果表明,各组小白鼠子宫重量/体重存在极显著差异,其中空白组与各组比较差异极显著(P<0.01);干鸡粪组与鲜鸡粪饲料之间差异显著(P<0.05);干鸡粪组与药物组间差异极显著(P<0.01);鲜鸡粪饲料和药物组间差异显著(P<0.05),说明鸡粪中确实含有大量的雌激素样活性物质,在畜牧生产应用时应引起重视。  相似文献