Identification of somatic hybrids of dihaploid Solanum tuberosum lines and S. brevidens by species specific RAPD patterns and assessment of disease resistance of the hybrids     

Veli-Matti Rokka  Yong-Sheng Xu  Jyri Kankila  Anja Kuusela  Seppo Pulli  Eija Pehu 《Euphytica》1994,80(3):207-217

Summary Symmetric somatic hybrids were produced by electrofusion of protoplasts of two dihaploid tuber-bearing potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) lines and Solanum brevidens Phil., a diploid non-tuber-bearing wild potato species. A total of 985 plants was obtained. Verification of nuclear hybridity of putative hybrids was based on additive RAPD patterns, general morphological characteristics and chromosome counts. 53 (90%) calli regenerated into plants which were identified as somatic hybrids. Most of the hybrids were aneuploids at the tetraploid (4×) or hexaploid (6×) level. The 20 hybrids tested expressed a high level of resistance to potato virus Y (PVY ^N ) characteristic of the S. brevidens parent. Resistance to late blight (Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary) varied between hybrids, but was on average better than that of the fusion parents. Resistance of hybrids to bacterial stem rot (Erwinia carotovora subsp. atroseptica (van Hall) Dye) was not superior to that of commercial potato cultivars.  相似文献   

Resistance to Rhopalosiphum padi (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum and in hybrids with H. vulgare subsp. vulgare     

Jens Weibull 《Euphytica》1994,78(1-2):97-101

Summary Accessions of Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum, the progenitor of cultivated barley, were screened in field and glasshouse trials for resistance to the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi. A few selected lines were furthermore hybridized with a modern barley variety and the resulting populations evaluated. High levels of resistance were found among some of the spontaneum accessions resulting in lower aphid growth rates (maximum reduction 57%). Segregation patterns among siblings in F2 populations were continuous, indicating the presence of several genes with possibly additive effects. The usefulness of H. vulgare subsp. spontaneum for breeding aphid resistant barley is discussed.  相似文献   

Genetics of resistance to five strains of turnip mosaic virus in Chinese cabbage   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

S. K. Suh  S. K. Green  H. G. Park 《Euphytica》1995,81(1):71-77

Summary Inheritance of resistance to turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) strains C1, C2, C3, C4, and C5 in Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris subsp. pekinensis) was evaluated using monoclonal antibodies. Crosses were made between a resistant line, 0–2, and four susceptible line. Seoul (SE),SSD31 (SS), Cheongbang (CH), and Yaki 1 ho (YA), to determine the inheritance of resistance of 0–2 in different genetic backgrounds. Resistance to TuMV was controlled by a single dominant gene or double dominant genes depending on the strain and cross. The resistance genes of 0–2 were modified by susceptible parents such that a single dominant gene was involved in the SS×0–2 combination, but double dominant genes in the SE×0–2 against TuMV-C3 or TuMV-C5. ELISA tests using inoculated and noninoculated leaves in the same plant suggested that the dominant resistance genes inhibit virus movement rather than virus multiplication.  相似文献   

Chromosomal interchanges and phylogeny of some accessions of Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta     

Wouter Lange  Stevan Petrović 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1996,43(2):179-186

Summary The occurrence of chromosomal interchanges was studied in F1 hyrids in two diallel schemes, including nine accessions of Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta, originating from Iran, Europe and North Africa, and the common wheat variety Chinese Spring as a reference. Seven accessions of subsp. spelta differed in one translocation from Chinese Spring. The European accession Grey differed in one or perhaps two interchanges from the reference variety, and Iran 417a showed a difference of three interchanges with Chinese Spring. In total six or perhaps seven interchanges were observed. Thus the number of translocation events in subsp. spelta appeared to be low. One translocation was unique and occurred only in the accession from North Africa. Also one accession from Europe, the landrace Schwarzwald, possibly carried a unique translocation. In both diallels an interchange with a relatively low coefficient of multivalent realisation at first meiotic metaphase was observed in most accessions. The two extra translocations in Iran 417a are considered to be the result of more recent translocation events, whereas the possible second translocation in accession Grey showed such a low coefficient of multivalent realisation that its existence could be doubted.  相似文献   

The importance of an indigenous tree to southern African communities with specific relevance to its domestication and commercialization:a case of the marula tree     

Neo C MOKGOLODI  Moffat P SETSHOGO 《中国林学(英文版)》2011,(1)

Local communities in southern Africa derive many benefits from marula [Sclerocarya birrea(A.Rich.) Hochst.subsp.caffra(Sond.) Kokwaro].These include the contribution of this species towards health,nutrition,food security and conservation by sharing local skills and knowledge related to it.Marula fruits can be eaten fresh,squeezed to make juice,brewed in traditional beer or used to make jam and jelly.The kernels are also edible and can be pressed to extract oil for cooking and cosmetics,i.e.,for skin and hai...  相似文献   

木糖氧化无色杆菌反硝化亚种细菌的分离鉴定及其菲降解特性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

武凤霞  范丙全  刘建玲 《植物营养与肥料学报》2007,13(4):725-729

利用选择性富集培养及升华法,从石油污染的土壤中分离到2株菲降解细菌,它们在以菲为唯一碳源的培养基上生长良好。应用BIOLOG细菌鉴定系统和分子生物学方法对两株细菌进行鉴定,两株菌分别为坚强芽孢杆菌(Bacillus.firmus)和木糖氧化无色杆菌反硝化亚种(Achromobacter.xylosoxidanssub.sp.denitrificans),两株菌均具有邻苯二酚氧化酶活性。两株细菌在液体培养条件下都表现较强降解菲的能力,液体培养60.h约90%的加入菲被降解。通过测定液体培养基中菲浓度和菌体密度变化发现,菌株降解菲的量与其生长密度相关;随着菌体浓度(吸光度)的增加,代谢底物菲的浓度明显降低,两株菌混合使用能够大幅度提高降解菲的能力。  相似文献   

Variation of cultivated flax (Linum usitatissimum L. subsp.usitatissimum) and its wild progenitor pale flax (subsp.angustifolium (Huds.) Thell.)     

A. Diederichsen  K. Hammer 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1995,42(3):263-272

The domestication of cultivated flax (Linum usitatissimum L. subsp.usitatissimum) is briefly discussed. Using data documented as a matter of routine in genebank work, 63 accessions of cultivated flax from the flax germplasm collection of the Gatersleben Genebank are compared with 73 accessions of its wild progenitor pale flax (subsp.angustifolium (Huds.) Thell.), which have been observed in systematic field trials. Range of variation, genetically based variation, heritability and correlation of several characters are considered, especially with respect to the influence of domestication. Cultivated flax shows higher variation in the characters of generative plant parts, while pale flax varies more in the vegetative parts of the plant. The character correlations are similar in both subspecies. Of the 29 characters studied in pale flax the parameters describing tillering, height of plant, weight of seeds, width of petals and width of leaves are especially suitable for distinguishing between different accessions. In spite of the high heritabilities of most of the characters, the influence of the environment is significant in most cases.  相似文献   

云南籼、粳稻旗叶的表皮解剖观察     

缪自强 《云南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1992,7(2):82-88

 通过电镜扫描,细胞分离,石蜡切片,火棉胶拓印等方法,对云南籼、粳稻6个品种旗叶的表皮,作了解剖观察和测定.其结果:籼、粳稻旗叶表皮上的角质膜厚度,表皮外表面的蜡质雕纹,气孔外沿乳突的数量和排列形式,气孔密度,孔—面积比,都各有差别;而且这些特点,在籼、粳稻两个亚种中都有一定的规律性,据此认为,这些特征是籼、粳稻两亚种在解剖学上的分类指标.同时讨论了籼、粳稻的生理、生态特性与形态解剖特征之间,存在的内部关系和连系.  相似文献   

早籼稻优质品种数量性状的遗传距离与聚类分析   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

伍时照  黄超武  陈刚  梁肇均 《华南农业大学学报》1988,(2)

32个细长粒形丝苗型的华南地区早籼稻优质品种数量性状的遗传距离进行聚类分析,分为5个类群。类群间差异比类群内大,水稻品质育种杂交亲本选配应在类群间进行。但在改良品种1—2个性状时,亲本之一符合育种目标,另一亲本也可不一定选用遗传距离大的品种。  相似文献   

马链球菌兽疫亚种类M基因和猪链球菌2型mrp基因片段的融合表达及仔猪免疫试验   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

范红结  陆承平  唐家琪 《南京农业大学学报》2003,26(4):78-81

将含猪链球菌 2型mrp及马链球菌兽疫亚种类M基因融合片段的重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL 2 1,经异丙基硫代 β D 半乳糖苷 (IPTG)诱导 ,表达了相对分子质量为 6 0 0 0 0左右的融合蛋白。利用组氨酸亲和层析柱 ,获得了纯化的融合蛋白 ,质量浓度为 4 2 μg·mL-1。以纯化的融合蛋白、宿主菌BL 2 1经IPTG诱导表达后的超声波破碎上清、马链球菌兽疫亚种ATCC 35 2 4 6株和猪链球菌 2型HA 980 1株制备的二联灭活苗为免疫原 ,分别免疫 30头仔猪。初次免疫 1月后 ,以同样的剂量再次免疫 ,3周后以 5×LD50 的ATCC 35 2 4 6和HA 980 1强毒株进行攻击。结果 ,纯化融合蛋白免疫组的免疫保护率达 6 0 % ,BL 2 1上清免疫组的免疫保护率为 5 0 % ,全菌二联灭活菌苗的免疫保护率达 90 %。  相似文献