应用Dot－ELISA快速检测传染性法氏囊病病毒     

杨宝华  钟耿  罗卫  李泰万 《畜牧与兽医》1994,(2)

本文成功建立了斑点酶联免疫吸附试验（Ｄｏｔ－ＥＬＩＳＡ），应用于传染性法氏囊病病毒（ＩＢＤＶ）的快速检测。该方法操作简便快速、特异性好、灵敏度高。同时对深圳某鸡场发生ＩＢＤ病料进行了病毒分离，用Ｄｏｒ－ＥＬＩＳＡ检测接种鸡胚的绒毛尿囊膜裂解上清呈强阳性反应。  相似文献   

浮顶罐刮蜡机构损坏的力学分析   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

张建虎  李春宁 《油气储运》1996,15(3):16-17

从力学角度分析了浮顶罐刮蜡机构压筑大量断裂的原因：未按设计图安装压簧，导致其实际挠度超过设计挠度的８８％，使压簧根部的最大弯矩处正应力超出了许用应力值，应力集中使压簧折角处两边产生微裂纹；罐壁焊缝及施工中遗留的凸出焊点和残留物对刮蜡板产生卡阻和冲击荷载，压簧经长时间运行后发生疲劳断裂。针对上述原因，提出了具体维修方案。  相似文献   

杨树的不同派别及杂交种对山、青杨锈病抗病差异     

尚衍重  裴明浩 《东北林业大学学报》1988,(4)

本文通过人工接种和146种树杨(包括杂交种)自然发病情况的调查,研究分析了杨树的不同派别和杂交后代对山杨锈病(Melampsora LaricisHart.)和青杨锈病(M. Laric-populina Kleb.)两种锈病的抗病差异。两种锈病的为害以派为界,寄生范围互补,不混同发生;不同派别的杨树对这两种锈病的感病性具有明显的差异。杂交杨只能感染这种锈病的一种,究竟感染那种锈病,关键看母本,与父本无关;感病程度则与父本和母本均有相关性。这一结论和文中所附的各种杨树的病情调查结果同相,为各地推广杨树优良品种和在培育抗锈品种如何选择亲本提供了有价值的参考依据。  相似文献   

Effect of Juglone on Active Oxygen Species and Antioxidant Enzymes in Susceptible and Partially Resistant Banana Cultivars to Black Leaf Streak Disease     

A.?El HadramiEmail author  D.?Kone  P.?Lepoivre 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2005,113(3):241-254

The black leaf streak disease (BLSD), caused by Mycosphaerella fijiensis, is the most destructive disease of bananas and plantains around the world. Breeding for resistance is the most promising strategy to fight this disease especially in small farmer plantations. Mycosphaerella fijiensis produces many phytotoxins such as juglone, which can be used, jointly with field and inoculations under controlled conditions, for screening banana cultivars for BLSD-resistance. This non-host specific phytotoxin has been shown to act on chloroplasts and disturbs the proton electrochemical gradient across the plasmalemma membrane. Moreover, an involvement of the oxidative burst during the interaction has been suggested. The present study was carried out using two cultivars that differed for either their juglone-responses or their resistance to BLSD (cv. Grande Naine susceptible to BLSD and juglone and cv. Fougamou partially resistant to BLSD and highly tolerant to juglone). The production of active oxygen species (AOS) and the enhancement of the enzymatic and/or non-enzymatic AOS-scavenging systems were investigated after treatment of the two cultivars with juglone. The time-course of AOS-production and AOS-scavenging was shown to be the key difference between these two tested cultivars after treatment with juglone. Thus, an early release of AOS (O₂⁻ radical and H₂O₂) and a quick stimulation of a preferment anti-oxidant system (superoxide dismutases, catalases, and peroxidases) was observed for cv. Fougamou as compared to cv. Grande Naine for which a late and weak generation of AOS accompanied by a late stimulation of the anti-oxidant systems were detected.  相似文献   

玉米新月弯孢叶斑病研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王新华  高金欣  高士刚  刘铜  陆志翔  李雅乾  陈捷 《植物病理学报》1955,49(4):433-444

 玉米弯孢叶斑病是一种世界性玉米病害,也是中国玉米产区的主要病害之一。20多年来,国内外在该病害发生规律、致病性分化与诱导抗性机理、生物防治技术等方面开展了深入研究。本文主要就该病害优势致病菌新月弯孢菌 [Curvularia lunata (Wakker)Boedijn]的生物学特性、致病因子与生理分化机理、毒素结构鉴定、毒素合成与调控、诱导抗病性分子机理等方面的研究进展进行综述,以期对玉米弯孢叶斑病防控技术的创新提供参考。  相似文献   

不同新型作用机制杀菌剂对梨树主要病菌毒力及防治流程应用     

毕秋艳  赵建江  韩秀英  王文桥  路粉  吴杰 《植物病理学报》1955,49(4):539-551

 为明确多种新型作用机制杀菌剂与引起梨树褐斑病、黑星病、白粉病等病原菌的有效对靶关系及制定梨树主要病害防治流程,采用菌丝生长速率法、离体叶片法与田间药效方法研究新型杀菌剂对靶标病原菌的毒力、对靶标病害的防效及其田间有效应用,建立替代梨树主要病害传统化学杀菌剂的防治流程技术。结果显示,双胍三辛烷基苯磺酸盐在离体叶片法下对褐斑病的防效大于85%,田间药效验证3次用药后7 d防效大于85%、30 d防效大于80%、90 d防效仍大于60%,兼治轮纹病菌其毒力EC₅₀值均小于1 μg·mL^-1。双胍三辛烷基苯磺酸盐、辛菌胺醋酸盐、吩嗪α-2羧酸在离体叶片法下对黑星病防效大于90%且毒力EC₅₀值小于1 μg·mL^-1;田间药效验证1次用药后7 d防效大于80%、30 d防效仍大于75%。噻肟菌酯、硝苯菌酯、丙硫菌唑在离体叶片法下对白粉病的防效大于85%;田间药效验证3次用药后7 d铲除效果大于70%、30 d仍大于60%。丙硫菌唑对黑斑、轮纹病菌毒力EC₅₀值均小于1 μg·mL^-1;吩嗪α-2羧酸同时对褐斑、黑斑、轮纹病菌毒力EC₅₀值小于1 μg·mL^-1。针对梨树主要病害发生期,选用新型杀菌剂替代传统杀菌剂制定防治技术流程,其综合防效达到88.94%。不同新型作用机制杀菌剂在防治梨树主要病害上的应用,能够降低抗药性产生,同时达到有效防治的目的。  相似文献   

抗马立克氏病新品系选育第四代雏鸡MDV攻毒试验结果     

宫桂芬  仇宝琴  程光潮  傅先强  孙会  王力  董红霞 《中国家禽》2001,23(20):12-14

F4雏鸡MDV攻毒试验结果显示,亲本父母代鸡均携带No614血型基因的选育试验组,60日龄死亡率显著低于不经血型基因选育的对照组(P＜0.05);其内脏器官组织肿瘤病变率也低于该对照组,但差异不显著(P＞0.05);选育试验组鸡的肝脏的肿瘤病变率仍显著低于血型基因选育对照组和非选育对照组鸡(P＜0.05).提示No614血型基因具有一定程度的马立克氏病(MD)抗性.  相似文献   

声发射技术在刨花板力学性能检测中的应用   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

徐慧  薛联凤  刘云飞 《林产工业》2004,31(6):19-21

在刨花板三点弯曲试验中运用声发射(AE)技术对其力学性能作了检测,采用AE参数和载荷-位移曲线相结合的方法对刨花板在受力变形损伤过程中的AE特征进行了分析和研究,并对损伤机理进行了分析。结果表明,AE技术可作为检测刨花板力学性能的补充手段。  相似文献   

Qualitative risk assessment of routes of transmission of the exotic fish parasite Gyrodactylus salaris between river catchments in England and Wales     

Peeler EJ  Gardiner R  Thrush MA 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2004,64(2-4):175-189

Gyrodactylus salaris is a freshwater, monogenean ecto-parasite of Atlantic-salmon. Infection of its natural host, the Baltic strain of Atlantic-salmon, is inapparent. G. salaris also can infect rainbow-trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) permanently, and cause infection of ≤50 days in several other species. It is only on Atlantic stocks of Atlantic-salmon (Salmo salar) that the parasite multiplies unchecked by an immune response, causes death in juveniles and dramatic reductions in wild populations. In Norway, the parasite has been introduced into 45 rivers, resulting in reductions in Atlantic-salmon stocks of up to 98%. It is probably the most-important exotic fish-disease threat to the UK. We used risk analysis to assess the most-important routes of spread for G. salaris between rivers in England and Wales. The movement of live rainbow-trout was identified as the most-important route of transmission; this route is likely to lead rapidly to the wide geographic spread of the parasite. The movement of other species of fish (especially from sites holding rainbow-trout) is also an important risk. Other routes of spread (including mechanical transmission on farm equipment and vehicles, angling equipment, canoes, etc.) might allow limited local spread (mainly to neighbouring rivers).  相似文献   

The epidemiology and diagnosis of bluetongue with particular reference to Corsica     

Breard E  Hamblin C  Hammoumi S  Sailleau C  Dauphin G  Zientara S 《Research in veterinary science》2004,77(1):1-8

Bluetongue (BT) and/or BT viruses (BTV) have been identified in the Mediterranean basin and the Balkans each year from 1998 to 2002 and in particular BTV serotype 2 in the French Island of Corsica (2000 and 2001). In response to these virus incursions, the French Veterinary Authorities carried out epidemiological studies that included virological, serological and entomological analysis, and two vaccination campaigns performed in the winter of 2000/2001 and the winter and spring of 2001 and 2002. Rapid and reliable serotype differentiation is essential at the start of an outbreak to allow an early selection of vaccine to control the spread of the virus. Thus, molecular tools, that complement conventional methods, have been developed for early detection of infection, determination of the serotype, and differentiation between natural infection and vaccination. Serological results showed that the first vaccination campaign during the winter of 2000/2001 did not provide full protection for all sheep and during the summer of 2001, 335 sheep flocks in Corsica were again infected by BTV 2 (7-fold more that in 2000). Entomological studies have demonstrated that the only proven vector of the disease, Culicoides imicola, was present in the island in 2000 and that it has successfully established itself in Corsica. The safety and immunogenicity of the commercial South African vaccine were studied. Fourteen sheep were vaccinated and then observed for clinical signs. Blood, sera, spleen and lymph nodes were collected and analyzed, and the results confirmed the safety and potency of using this vaccine to protect sheep from clinical disease. As a result, an intensive vaccination campaign was performed during winter and spring 2001/2002. No cases of BT had been observed by the end of summer 2002, indicating that the vaccination campaign has been successful in protecting sheep from infection.  相似文献