原位化学淋洗技术对湖南省重金属复合污染农田土壤处理效果研究     

陈楠  谢湉  周歆  覃晖 《安徽农业科学》2015,(28)

[目的]研究原位化学淋洗技术对湖南省重金属复合污染农田土壤的处理效果.[方法]通过室内模拟大田原位化学淋洗工程,研究了EDTA复合盐浓度、淋洗时间、液固比、复合盐种类对湖南省某重金属污染农田土壤中重金属去除效果的影响.[结果]淋洗剂浓度为5 mmol/L、液固比为3、淋洗时间为60 rmin时,Ca-EDTA对土壤中Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn 4种重金属的总去除率分别为65.80％、75.89％、36.00％、14.74％,其中Cd淋洗效率最高,Zn的淋洗效率最低.[结论]Ca-EDTA作为一种有效的土壤重金属螯合剂,它在多金属污染土壤修复中具有巨大的应用潜力和广阔的商业市场.  相似文献   

皂苷与EDTA复合淋洗污染塿土中Cu、Pb的效果研究   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

邓红侠  李珍  杨亚莉  许岩  杨亚提 《农业环境科学学报》2015,34(3):461-470

采用振荡和柱淋洗方法,选用生物表面活性剂皂苷和螯合剂乙二胺四乙酸二钠盐(EDTA)作淋洗剂,研究了EDTA、皂苷及其复合液对污染塿土中重金属Cu、Pb的淋洗效果,并比较不同淋洗剂淋洗前后重金属的形态变化特征。结果表明:EDTA浓度为0.5、1.0 mmol·L-1时与不同质量浓度皂苷复合振荡淋洗Cu、Pb时表现为协同作用,对Pb的协同作用尤为明显;EDTA浓度大于5.0mmol·L-1时,与不同质量浓度皂苷复合淋洗Cu、Pb表现为拮抗作用。1.0 mmol·L-1EDTA、50 g·L-1皂苷及其复合淋洗液(1.0 mmol·L-1EDTA与50 g·L-1EDTA)对土柱中Cu、Pb的累积淋洗量均随着淋洗液体积的增大而逐渐增加;1.0 mmol·L-1 EDTA与50 g·L-1皂苷复合淋洗土柱中Cu时表现为协同作用,其对单一及复合污染塿土中Cu的累积淋洗百分率分别为23.59%和21.57%,对Pb的累积淋洗百分率分别为27.59%和24.92%。柱淋洗前后重金属形态分级结果表明,EDTA、皂苷及其复合淋洗液能有效去除碳酸盐结合态、有机结合态和硫化物残渣态重金属Cu、Pb;EDTA与皂苷及其复合淋洗液可显著活化污染塿土中的重金属Cu、Pb,有望与植物修复技术联用修复重金属污染塿土。  相似文献   

某PCB厂沉铜冲洗水重金属达标处理技术应用探讨     

朱素贤  伍兆龙 《绿色大世界》2013,(4):145-146

指出了某厂在PCB生产过程中,排放出多种废水、废液,其中含有高浓度的铜氨、EDTA等络合物,如果此类废水没有得到有效的预处理,将会影响整个工厂污水处理（5000m。／d）系统的正常运行,甚至瘫痪整个污水处理系统。以武汉某电路板公司络合废水预处理工程项目实践为例,处理能力24m。／d,结合沉铜生产工艺特点,总结了处理络合废水中重金属的实用技术。工程实践表明：使用高效MP一10破络剂,可以简单做到过程控制沉铜冲洗水预处理系统出水中的重金属含量,从而确保100％达标。  相似文献   

Expression,subcellular localization and phytohormone stimulation of a functional sucrose transporter (MdSUT1) in apple fruit   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Chang-Cao Peng  Yan-Hong Xu  Ru-Chun Xi  Xiao-Lan Zhao 《Scientia Horticulturae》2011

Sucrose transporters or carriers (SUTs or SUCs) play a crucial role in the cell-to-cell distribution of sucrose throughout the plant. Our data demonstrated that MdSUT1 is expressed almost ubiquitously in leaves, shoots, flowers and fruits, and the MdSUT1 was localized in plasma membranes of both sieve element/companion cell complex and storage parenchyma cells in apple fruits detected by immuno-gold labeling. The MdSUT1 expression was rapidly up-regulated by abscisic acid (ABA) at the translational levels in the treatments of the fruit tissues. Ten μmol L⁻¹ ABA and gibberellin acid (GA) induced MdSUT1 protein amounts dramatically, whereas 6-benzyl aminopurine (6-BA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and cis-(−) ABA showed no distinct induction effect. These results suggest that MdSUT1 may be a component of ABA signaling pathways involved in the regulation of photoassimilate transport. ABA could function in plant sucrose trans-membrane transport, thus providing a clue that may help to unravel cross-talk between plant hormone and sucrose signaling pathway.  相似文献   

EDTA对桑树和任豆幼苗吸收重金属Pb的影响     

覃勇荣  覃艳花  严军  朱伟伟  李月兰  谢金梅 《广西农业科学》2011,42(2):168-172

【目的】研究不同重金属Pb2＋浓度下螯合剂EDTA处理对桑树和任豆幼苗修复土壤中重金属Pb2＋的效果及Pb2＋在植物茎叶及根部积累,以期为重金属污染土壤生态修复及植物资源的合理利用提供理论依据。【方法】用盆栽模拟法,以4L／盆Hoagland营养液作为培养液,培养液中的Pb2＋浓度分别为0、2．5、5．0、10．0、25．0、50．0、100．0、150．0、200．0、250．0mg／L,EDTA的浓度均为0．55mmol／L,以不添加EDTA作对照。分别测定桑苗和任豆幼苗茎叶和根部的Pb2＋浓度。【结果】随着水培液中Pb2＋浓度的增加,桑树和任豆幼苗对Pb2＋的吸收和积累量也逐渐增大;在相同的重金属Pb2＋胁迫背景下,加入EDTA的桑树和任豆幼苗对Pb2＋的吸收量比不添加EDTA的对照组明显增高;桑树和任豆幼苗体内Pb2＋浓度通常为根部〉茎叶,而添加EDTA能加速重金属Pb2＋向茎叶的转运。随着培养液中Pb2＋浓度的增加和时间的延长,Pb2＋在植物根部的积累逐渐增加,而向茎叶的转运则相对减少。【结论】桑树和任豆幼苗具有较强的重金属Pb耐性,而EDTA能促进桑树和任豆幼苗对重金属Pb2＋的吸收,因此,桑树和任豆可作为修复植物应用于重金属污染地区。  相似文献   

The molecular structure features-immune stimulatory activity of arabinoxylans derived from the pentosan faction of wheat flour     

《Journal of Cereal Science》2015

Recently, the immune stimulation properties of cereal arabinoxylans (AX) have been reported. The aims of this study were to identify the molecular features and potential immune stimulation activities of AX and enzymatic modified arabinoxylan (AXE) from the pentosan fraction of wheat flour.The results of molecular characterization of AX and AXE show that AXE contains a larger portion (85.7%) of low Mw arabinoxylans (≤25 kDa) and has a higher degree of branch substitution (0.81 ± 0.01) compared to AX (49.5% and 0.62 ± 0.02). In in vitro testing, the ability of AX and AXE to stimulate immune cells, as measured by NO₂⁻ production by U937 cells and IL-8 secretion by Caco-2 cells were found to be dose–dependent in the range tested (100–5000 μg/mL p ≤ 0.05). AXE showed a greater activity at each concentration (100–5000 μg/mML) than AX (p ≤ 0.05).In conclusion, the greater immune stimulating activity of AXE may be associated with its low Mw (≤25 kDa) and a higher degree of branch substitution (0.81 ± 0.01).  相似文献   

冻融-化学淋洗法协同修复重金属Cd和Pb污染黏性土     

芮大虎  武智鹏  武迎飞  陈雪  刘剑飞  丁军 《农业工程学报》2018,34(23):199-205

针对质地黏重、低渗透性黏性土的淋洗效率低下,该文提出冻融协同化学淋洗的修复方案,并以某冶炼厂受Cd、Pb污染场地黏性土为研究对象,选用乙二胺四乙酸二钠(ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt,EDTA)为淋洗剂,进行了冻融-淋洗土柱的实证试验。结果表明,土体的反复冻融(冻胀-吸水、融沉-排水)破坏土体颗粒原有结构,有助于淋洗液与污染物充分接触,淋洗效果明显,经7次冻融后,Cd、Pb去除率分别达到77.24%、37.78%。采用改进的BCR(European Communities Bureau of Reference)连续提取法分析了土柱中Cd、Pb的赋存特征,经7次冻融后,土壤中弱酸提取态、可还原态、残渣态结合的Cd质量分数较淋洗前分别降低了41.46%、63.02%、26.33%,而土壤中可还原态和残渣态结合的Pb质量分数分别降低了32.32%、67.36%。冻融协同化学淋洗修复技术的淋洗剂用量远小于传统淋洗法,为今后利用寒区冻融交替现象,大规模对季冻区重金属污染土壤的异位修复提供了新的思路。  相似文献   

Effects of ZnSO4 and Zn‐EDTA applied by broadcasting or by banding on soil Zn fractions and Zn uptake by wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under greenhouse conditions     

Aiqing Zhao  Shu Yang  Bini Wang  Xiaohong Tian 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2019,182(2):307-317

Zinc biofortification of staple food crops is essential for alleviating worldwide human malnutrition. Agronomic interventions to promote this should include fertilizer selection and management. A chelated Zn source, Zn‐EDTA, and an inorganic Zn source, ZnSO₄ × 7 H₂O, were applied either by banding or by broadcasting in soil, and Zn fractions in soil and Zn uptake by wheat were determined in a pot experiment. Compared to ZnSO₄ × 7 H₂O, Zn‐EDTA produced higher Zn concentration in grain regardless of application method and even at a lower application rate. Residual Zn fraction was the largest Zn fraction with both ZnSO₄ and Zn‐EDTA amendment. ZnSO₄ banded in soil caused Zn fractions to be restricted to the Zn‐amended soil band and resulted in lower grain Zn concentrations than did broadcast ZnSO₄. Planting wheat slowed Zn fixation by promoting the maintenance of a high concentration of Zn fraction loosely bound to organic matter (LOM‐Zn) in soil. Zn‐EDTA was a better Zn source for Zn biofortification of wheat than was ZnSO₄.  相似文献   

酒石酸释放土壤中Cu和Pb的研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

黄怡民  李果陈宏 《中国农学通报》2009,25(19):283-286

通过室内模拟实验,比较研究EDTA、酒石酸和EDTA与酒石酸的联合作用对污染土壤中的重金属Cu、Pb的释放影响。结果表明,随着EDTA和酒石酸浓度的提高,都促进了土壤中Cu和Pb的释放,EDTA对Pb的释放效果要好于Cu,酒石酸对Cu的释放效果好于Pb。EDTA与酒石酸的联合作用能显著提高土壤中Cu的释放,最大释放率为48%,对Pb的释放率与EDTA单独作用时相差不大。  相似文献   

Transient expression of an active human interferon-beta in lettuce     

Jing Li  Min Chen  Xian-Wei Liu  Hou-Cheng Zhang  Fa Fu Shen  George Peng Wang 《Scientia Horticulturae》2007

Using Agrobacterium mediated transient expression method, plant bivalent expression vector pBI121 containing GUS as a report gene was transformed into lettuce (Lactuca sativa). Through designed orthogonal analysis, intact lettuce leaves infiltrated with 200 μM acetosyringone and 0.8 OD₆₀₀ bacterial suspensions under vacuum for 30 min, then co-cultured at 24 °C for 6 ds produced a maximum GUS protein of 2.5% TSP with 21.39 nmol mg⁻¹ min⁻¹ MU activity, which was 19 times of the control (1.31 nmol mg⁻¹ min⁻¹ MU). Employed these optimized conditions HuIFN-beta was expressed in lettuce leaves. Western blot and antivirus bioactivity analyses confirmed the HuIFN-beta achieved by agrobacterium infiltration had a high biological activity (3.1 × 10⁴ IU/mL). To our knowledge, it is the first detailed orthogonal optimizing study of Agrobacterium mediated transient expression and the first report on the production of the biologically active therapeutic proteins produced by Agrobacterium mediated transient expression in lettuce. In summary, transient expression by Agrobacterium vacuum infiltration can be adopted as an efficient, inexpensive and small-scaled plant expression system for therapeutic protein production.  相似文献