六须鲶暴发性败血症病原菌的分离与鉴定     

陈福艳  陈明  黄婷  张彬  杨家坚  雷爱莹  王瑞  梁万文 《大连水产学院学报》2011,26(1):63-67

从患暴发性败血症的六须鲶Silurus soldatovi身上分离到致病菌株（FY-024）,用常规细菌培养方法对其观察,并进行生理生化特性测试。结果表明,该致病菌均符合鲶爱德华氏菌Edwardsiella ictaluri特征。为了进一步确认该致病菌的分类地位,对其进行了16S rRNA基因序列分析、遗传距离距阵及系统发育树分析,共扩增出1 417 bp基因片段（GenBank登录号为GQ924477）。系统发育结果显示,菌株FY-024与鲶爱德华氏菌的16S rRNA基因同源性达99.6%～99.9%,聚为同一分支,进一步确认致病菌是鲶爱德华氏菌。药敏试验和毒力试验结果显示,菌株FY-024对环丙沙星、恩诺沙星药物高度敏感,按Reed和Muench氏法计算LD50=1.08×106 cfu/尾。  相似文献   

Oral administration of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide enhances the immune system of striped catfish,Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage)          下载免费PDF全文

Bui Thi Bich Hang  Phuong Thanh Nguyen  Patrick Kestemont 《Aquaculture Research》2016,47(4):1299-1308

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a component of Gram negative bacteria, was reported as important immunostimulant for fish. In this study, striped catfish were fed diets containing different Escherichia coli LPS concentrations (0%, 0.01% and 0.05%) for 2 weeks and then fed control feed (0% LPS) for 4 weeks. Plasma cortisol and glucose were rather low and did not differ significantly among treatments (P > 0.05). The respiratory burst activity, lysozyme, complement, total of antibody as well as mortality in fish challenged with Edwardsiella ictaluri were recorded every 2 weeks (W2, W4 and W6). The lysozyme activity significantly increased in fish treated with LPS (P < 0.05) in W2, W4 and W6. The highest values of respiratory burst activity were observed at week 4 in fish fed 0.01% LPS. There were significant differences in total of antibody between fish fed LPS (0.01%) and control in W2, W4. The challenge test with Edwardsiella ictaluri showed that fish fed 0.01% LPS had lower cumulative mortality (40%, 33% and 42%) compared with the fish fed 0.05% LPS (50%, 40% and 47%) and control fish (40%, 57% and 53%) in the three difference sampling times respectively. These results suggest that feed supplemented with 0.01% LPS could enhance immunity of striped catfish after 2 weeks of oral administration and fish could be protected against bacterial infection during the following 4 weeks.  相似文献   

牙鲆抗迟缓爱德华菌病家系建立与抗病性能评价     

张英平  陈松林  孙何军  王磊  范彩霞  于洋  张文婷  杨英明  张永珍  田永胜  邓寒  陈红林  刘肖峰  吴娅红 《水产学报》2014,38(11):1917-1925

为筛选出抗迟缓爱德华菌的牙鲆家系,实验以已经选育出的牙鲆抗病和快速生长家系以及从韩国引进的选育群体为亲本建立了牙鲆家系56个,并对其中32个家系进行了迟缓爱德华菌人工感染实验。确定了迟缓爱德华菌对牙鲆家系的半致死浓度LD50为3.69×105CFU/mL后,从每个家系中随机抽取75尾,按照0.2 mL/10 g体质量腹腔注射半致死浓度的菌液,并设置1次重复。人工感染时水温控制在(19±1)℃。从32个家系中共选取4 800尾5月龄牙鲆幼鱼进行感染,16 d实验结束后统计各家系存活率为8.2%~66.1%,平均存活率为31.2%。不同家系对迟缓爱德华菌的抗感染能力表现出显著差异(P0.05)。筛选出6个存活率高于45%的抗病家系,发现2007年筛选出的抗鳗弧菌病家系F0768的后代家系在迟缓爱德华菌感染后的存活率普遍很高,表现出抗迟缓爱德华菌病的能力。研究为选育抗鳗弧菌病和抗迟缓爱德华菌病的牙鲆优良品系奠定了基础,对牙鲆抗细菌病的分子机理研究及抗病新品种选育具有重要意义和应用价值。  相似文献   

The effect of feeding diets containing deoxynivalenol contaminated corn on channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) challenged with Edwardsiella ictaluri     

Bruce B Manning  Hamed K Abbas  David J Wise  Terry Greenway 《Aquaculture Research》2014,45(11):1782-1786

Channel catfish were fed practical corn‐soybean meal diets for 10 weeks that contained various weighed amounts of ground, dried field corn contaminated with 20 mg deoxynivalenol (DON) kg⁻¹. Weighed amounts of DON corn were blended with weighed amounts of ground, clean corn that contained no DON (0 mg kg⁻¹) to yield five diets that had 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 mg DON kg⁻¹ of diet. Results show that catfish fed diets that contained DON for 7 weeks did not experience lower weight gains or poorer feed conversion ratios that were significantly (P > 0.05) different from control‐fed fish. Mortality of catfish during the 21‐day post‐challenge period indicate that catfish fed diets containing DON‐contaminated corn that provided at least 5.0 mg DON kg⁻¹ of diet had significantly (P < 0.05) lower mortality than catfish fed the control diet or the diet that provided 2.5 mg DON kg⁻¹ of diet. The presence of DON‐contaminated corn in the experimental diets did not significantly (P > 0.05) alter fish body weight gains and appeared to provide a protective effect for channel catfish challenged with the pathogenic bacterium Edwardsiella ictaluri.  相似文献   

Pathology of Edwardsiella tarda infection in turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (L.)     

Padrós F  Zarza C  Dopazo L  Cuadrado M  Crespo S 《Journal of fish diseases》2006,29(2):87-94

Macroscopic and histopathological changes in cultured turbot, Scophthalmus maximus (L.), in Spain caused by infection with Edwardsiella tarda are described. Eye tumefaction, inflammation, haemorrhages, ascites and the presence of a purulent fluid were the main macroscopic lesions observed. Histopathological lesions were found in the kidney, spleen and liver. In the kidney and spleen these were characterized by a severe apostematous inflammatory reaction, with a large number of abscesses. The liver was affected to a lesser degree and only some phagocytes loaded with bacteria were observed. Ultrastructural observations indicated that macrophages were the main cell type implicated in the inflammatory response. Most of the bacteria observed within the phagocyte cytoplasm showed no degenerative changes and some were dividing. Degenerative changes observed in macrophages indicate their failure in preventing the infection.  相似文献   

Pathogenicity of Edwardsiella tarda to olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck & Schlegel)     

Han HJ  Kim DH  Lee DC  Kim SM  Park SI 《Journal of fish diseases》2006,29(10):601-609

The LD50 and cytotoxic and enzymatic activities of both cells and extracellular products (ECPs) of eight Edwardsiella tarda strains were determined and their bacterial superoxide dismutase gene (sodB) and catalase gene (katB) were sequenced. Strains were also examined for their ability to resist the immune responses of olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. LD50 values of strains (FSW910410, KE1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6) in olive flounder ranged between 10(2.5) and 10(5.3) cfu (colony forming units) per fish. Unlike the avirulent strain SU100 (LD50>or=10(7)), all pathogenic strains were able to survive in flounder serum and head kidney leucocytes (except for KE2). The virulent strains possessed type I sodB and katB, whereas SU100 had type II sodB but not katB. However, there was no difference between avirulent and virulent strains in haemolytic and cytotoxic activities. The results of this study demonstrated that the ability of E. tarda to resist complement activity and phagocytosis is conferred by its superoxide dismutase and catalase, which thus play an essential role in the pathogenicity of this bacterium. In addition genotyping of sodB and kat B proved to be a very useful tool to distinguish virulent from avirulent strains.  相似文献   

Characterization of Edwardsiella tarda strains isolated from turbot, Psetta maxima (L.)     

Castro N  Toranzo AE  Barja JL  Núñez S  Magariños B 《Journal of fish diseases》2006,29(9):541-547

The biochemical, serological and molecular characteristics of a group of 21 Edwardsiella tarda strains isolated from turbot, Psetta maxima, in two different areas of Europe were analysed and compared with a total of 13 strains of this bacterial species with different geographical and host origins. All the turbot isolates were biochemically identical to the E. tarda strains included as reference. The use of different techniques including microagglutination, dot blot and Western blot of lipopolysaccharides allowed us to determine that all the turbot isolates constitute an homogeneous and distinctive serological group. Genetic analysis by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis demonstrated that although the E. tarda strains from turbot were compiled in a unique group using the primers P3 and P6, two clonal lineages could be detected when oligonucleotides P4 and P5 were employed.  相似文献   

Identification and Detection of the Pathogenic Bacteria Responsible for Swollen Abdomen Disease in Cultured Turbot,Scophthalmus maximus,and Flounder,Paralichthys olivaceus          下载免费PDF全文

Shuxia Xue  Jinsheng Sun  Wei Xu 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2018,49(3):540-550

Swollen abdomen disease (SAD) seriously threatens the aquaculture of turbots and flounders. Two dominant bacterial strains, FS1 and FS2, were isolated from the livers and kidneys of fish with diagnosed SAD. Applications of biochemical analyses, sequence analyses of 16S ribosomal RNA gene and heat shock protein 60 gene revealed two distinct pathogenic bacterial species, Edwardsiella tarda and Vibrio alginolyticus. These two hypothesized SAD‐causing pathogens were validated by challenge trials on flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Challenges with E. tarda and V. alginolyticus demonstrated lethal dose 50 (LD₅₀) values at 1.51 × 10⁵ colony‐forming units (CFU) and 1.05 × 10⁵ CFU, respectively. To develop a rapid SAD diagnosis method in flounders and turbots, a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay method was developed to simultaneously detect E. tarda and V. alginolyticus. Our multiplex PCR assay successfully detected as low as 10⁵ CFU/mL E. tarda and V. alginolyticus in flounders and turbots. No other common fish pathogens were detected with the multiplex PCR, suggesting a high specificity of this assay. The multiplex PCR assay developed in this study showed a great reliability in detecting SAD‐causing bacterial pathogens. Further optimization of this assay may contribute to the development of a novel SAD diagnosis tool in aquaculture.  相似文献   

Supplementation of Protein Hydrolysates to a Low‐fishmeal Diet Improves Growth and Health Status of Juvenile Olive Flounder,Paralichthys olivaceus          下载免费PDF全文

Sanaz Khosravi  Hien Thi Dieu Bui  Mikaël Herault  Vincent Fournier  Kyoung‐Duck Kim  Bong‐Joo Lee  Kang‐Woong Kim  Kyeong‐Jun Lee 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2018,49(5):897-911

An 11‐wk feeding trial was conducted to evaluate three different protein hydrolysates as feed ingredients in high‐plant‐protein diets for juvenile olive flounder. Five experimental diets were fed to juvenile olive flounder to examine the effect of three different protein hydrolysates on growth performance, innate immunity, and disease resistance against bacterial infection. A basal fishmeal (FM)‐based diet was regarded as a high‐FM diet (HFM) and a diet containing soy protein concentrate (SPC) as a substitute for 50% FM protein was considered as a low‐FM diet (LFM). Three other diets contained three different sources of protein hydrolysates, including shrimp, tilapia, and krill hydrolysates (designated as SH, TH, and KH), replacing 12% of FM protein. All diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isocaloric. Triplicate groups of fish (15.1 ± 0.1 g) were handfed one of the diets to apparent satiation twice daily for 11 wk and subsequently challenged against Edwardsiella tarda. Growth performance and feed utilization of fish fed hydrolysate‐supplemented diets were significantly improved compared to those of fish fed the LFM diet. Dietary inclusion of the protein hydrolysates significantly enhanced apparent digestibility of dry matter and protein of the diets. In the proximal intestine, histological alterations were observed in the fish fed the LFM diet. The fish fed the hydrolysate diets showed significantly longer mucosal fold and enterocytes and greater number of goblet cells compared to fish fed the LFM diet. Respiratory burst activity was significantly higher in fish fed the TH and KH diets than fish fed the LFM diet. Significantly higher immunoglobulin levels were found in fish fed SH and KH diets compared to those of fish fed the LFM diet. Dietary inclusion of the protein hydrolysates in SPC‐based diets exhibited the highest lysozyme activity. Significantly higher superoxide activity was observed in groups of fish fed the KH diet. Fish offered the protein hydrolysates were more resistant to bacterial infection caused by E. tarda. The results of this study suggest that the tested protein hydrolysates can be used as potential dietary supplements to improve growth performance and health status of juvenile olive flounder when they were fed a LFM diet.  相似文献   

Haematological and biochemical alterations in Korean catfish, Silurus asotus, experimentally infected with Edwardsiella tarda     

Jin Ha Yu  Jung Jo Han  & Sung Woo Park 《Aquaculture Research》2010,41(2):295-302

This study determined the haematological changes in Korean catfish, Silurus asotus , experimentally infected with Edwardsiella tarda . Twenty-four or 48 h after infection with 1 × 10⁴ colony-forming units (CFU) mL⁻¹ of E. tarda , the fish were anaesthetized and the blood was collected. The haematological and biochemical tests included haematocrit (Ht), haemoglobin (Hb), leucocyte counts (Lc), total calcium (Ca), total protein (TP) concentration, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glucose (GLU), aspartate aminotransferase, lysozyme and differential leucocyte populations. After 24- and 48-h infection, the values of Ht, Hb, Lc, TP, ALP and GLU were significantly decreased with respect to the control. Aspartate aminotransferase and lysozyme activity in both the 24- and 48-h groups exhibited higher levels compared with those in the control. However, the bacterial infection did not induce any significant alteration in the Ca concentration. After the 48-h infection, neutrophils and macrophage populations were reduced whereas lymphocytes were increased with respect to those in the control and the 24-h infection groups. The present study demonstrates that E. tarda infection causes haemato-biochemical responses that are related to the general physiological condition and defence system in catfish.  相似文献