新疆小麦Psy-A1、Ppo-A1、Ppo-D1、TaLox-B1等位变异对面粉色泽的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

相吉山  穆培源  桑伟  徐红军  聂迎彬  崔凤娟  庄丽  韩新年  邹波 《作物学报》2015,41(1):72-79

利用已开发的面粉色泽相关性状基因的分子标记,检测了182份新疆小麦品种(系)的Psy-A1、Ppo-A1、Ppo-D1、Ta Lox-B1等位变异,并结合表型鉴定结果,分析不同等位变异对面粉色泽的影响。结果表明,单基因等位变异对面粉色泽的影响不同,其中4个基因等位变异L*值的差异均不显著;对a*值的效应,Psy-A1a高于Psy-A1b(P0.01),Ppo-A1b高于Ppo-A1a(P0.05),Ta Lox-B1a高于Ta Lox-B1b(P0.05);Psy-A1a基因型的b*值高于Psy-A1b基因型(P0.01);Psy-A1a基因型的Wht值低于Psy-A1b基因型(P0.01)。说明Psy-A1是影响面粉色泽(红度、黄度和白度)的重要基因,而Ppo-A1和Ta Lox-B1基因的等位变异只对面粉红度有显著影响。4个检测基因共有12种等位变异组合,对a*、b*和Wht值有显著效应(P0.01),但对L*值影响不显著(P0.05);Psy-A1b/Ppo-A1a/Ppo-D1b/Ta Lox-B1b组合具有最高的Wht值和最低的a*、b*值,Psy-A1a/Ppo-A1a/Ppo-D1b/Ta Lox-B1a组合具有最低的Wht值和最高的a*、b*值。182份品种的Wht值平均为86.86,其中审定品种平均为86.87,冬小麦品种为86.42,春小麦品种为87.32。青春5号具有优良的基因型和较高的面粉白度,应加强利用。总体来看,改良新疆小麦面粉的白度,应重点加强对Psy-A1基因的选择,提高Psy-A1b比例。  相似文献   

水稻雄性不育突变体012S-3的遗传分析和基因定位     

欧阳杰  王楚桃  朱子超  何永歆  蒋刚  黄乾龙  管玉圣  熊英  李贤勇 《分子植物育种》2015,(6)

雄性不育是水稻杂种优势利用的重要资源,对雄性不育现象的研究具有重要理论意义和实践价值。本研究以自然突变的水稻雄性不育突变体012S-3为试验材料,对其表型特征和花粉育性等进行调查,并构建遗传群体,利用分子标记对目的基因进行初步定位,然后应用基因组重测序技术对其进行精细定位。结果表明,012S-3是一个典型的无花粉普通型雄性不育材料,其不育性状受1对隐性核基因控制。初步定位分析目的基因与SSR标记RM6081存在连锁关系,其遗传距离约为34.4 c M;进一步的精细定位分析,找到3个候选基因:LOC_Os07g35880、LOC_Os07g35920和LOC_Os07g35940,其中LOC_Os07g35880和LOC_Os07g35940编码β-淀粉酶,属于水稻中新发现的花粉致死基因。该不育基因的成功定位为其进一步的分离克隆及其在水稻分子设计育种中的应用奠定了基础。  相似文献   

基于Gateway技术的拟南芥雄性不育GHF 基因表达载体的构建     

胡金艳  张书祥  王晓武  武剑 《中国农学通报》2007,23(12)

随着模式植物拟南芥全基因组测序工作的完成更多雄性不育相关基因功能需要阐明。利用拟南芥突变体库,从反向遗传学角度进行突变基因的功能研究需要构建相应的载体进行互补实验。Gateway技术是一种高效,快速的克隆系统。笔者利用Gateway克隆技术成功构建拟南芥GHF基因表达载体,并遗传转化拟南芥,为进一步阐明该基因功能奠定了基础。  相似文献   

麻疯树PIN基因家族的鉴定与生物信息学分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王占军  杨立伟  徐忠东  欧祖兰  袁华玲  任意飞  齐璐璐  何子昂  陈延松 《分子植物育种》2015,(5)

PIN基因家族是一类调控植物生长素极性运输的重要载体元件。本研究利用功能已知的拟南芥PIN蛋白家族为参考序列,在麻疯树全基因组数据中共鉴定出9条PIN基因,并针对9条JcPIN基因开展系统的生物信息学研究,开展进化树构建和基序分析以及基因表达研究和密码子偏好性解析。结果发现:9条麻疯树PIN蛋白多属于由碱性氨基酸组成的稳定蛋白,均为位于细胞质膜上的非分泌蛋白;蛋白家族含有保守的N末端结构域,二级结构与拟南芥PIN蛋白相似;进化结果表明麻疯树PIN基因与毛果杨PIN基因家族关系最近;表达分析发现了4个可信度较高的麻疯树PIN基因,密码子偏好性分析确定了13个高频密码子,揭示了异源表达JcPIN时需要改造的密码子。研究结果可为将来开展麻疯树PIN基因家族的功能研究奠定重要基础,也为麻疯树其他基因家族和其他拥有大量数据的植物基因家族研究提供参考。  相似文献   

对小麦白粉病菌生理小种三个鉴别寄主的抗性基因分析     

向齐君  盛宝钦  周益林  段霞瑜  张克诚 《华北农学报》1994,(2)

采用基因推导法分析了三个鉴别寄主的抗性基因：白免３号和肯贵阿１号含有Ｐｍ４ａ：小白冬麦的抗性受一对隐性基因的控制，其抗谱不同于所有供试单基因系的抗谱。  相似文献   

A genetic study of popping quality in Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)     

D. S. Murty  M. Singh  K. D. Nicodemus 《Euphytica》1988,37(1):5-8

Summary Two crosses of sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench (IS 1054 × ICSV-1, and IS 5604 × IS 1054) were evaluated in parental, F1, F2, and backcross generations for the variation in their popping quality as measured by pop volume (ml). Dominance was in the direction of low pop volume. Dominance and additive gene effects, in that order, governed most of the variation, while significant dominance x dominance type of interaction effects could also be detected. There was no evidence for higher order gene interactions.Approved as Journal Article 630 by the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, P.O. 502 324, Andhra Pradesh, India.  相似文献   

Residual effects of the Xa-4 resistance gene in three rice cultivars when exposed to a virulent isolate of Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae     

M. Koch  J. E. Parlevliet 《Euphytica》1991,55(2):187-193

Summary F₂ plants of five, and F₃ plants of three, crosses between genotypes carrying the race-specific resistance gene Xa-4 and genotypes not carrying this gene were inoculated with two isolates of Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae. Half the tillers of each plant received isolate PX061, avirulent on the Xa-4 gene, the other half of the tillers received isolate PX099, virulent for the Xa-4 gene. The F₂ and F₃ populations segregated for a single dominant resistance gene, Xa-4.The parental, F₂ and F₃ genotypes not carrying Xa-4 had mean lesion lengths between 28 and 29 cm for both isolates. The Xa-4 carrying parents showed a mean lesion length of 2.7 cm with the avirulent isolate and of 12.4 cm with the virulent isolate. The Xa-4 carrying F₂ and F₃ genotypes had mean lesion lengths of 5.2 and 20.1 cm for the two isolates, respectively. These observations strongly indicate that the Xa-4 gene, carried by the rice genotypes studied (IR28, Cisadane and BR51-282-8), had a considerable residual effect when exposed to virulent isolate PXO99.  相似文献   

Genotypes of Hybrid Necrosis in 25 Spring Varieties of Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)     

Anna  Pfeffer F. J. Zeller 《Plant Breeding》1987,99(1):83-84

Book reviewed in this articles: Cereal Grain Protein Improvement. Shivanna, K. R., and B. M. Johri, The Angiosperm Pollen. Structure and Function. Gustafson, J. P., Gene Manipulation in Plant Improvement. Backer, A. W., Manual of Quantitative Genetics. Fishbeck, G., W. Plarre und W. Schuster (Hrag.) , Hoffmann , W., A. Plarre : Lehrbush der Züchtung landwirtschaftlicher Kulturflanzen, Bd. 2, Spezieller Teil, 2. Auflage. Dodds, J. H. (editor and author), Plant Genetic Engineering. Fiechter, A. (managing editor), Advanced in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology. Vol. 31. Plant Cell Culture.  相似文献   

Selection for Non-Shattering Common Vetch, Vicia sativa L.     

A. M. Abd El  -Moneim 《Plant Breeding》1993,110(2):168-171

Loss of seeds from mature pods is common in Vicia sativa L., an important annual, resown forage legume in West Asia and North Africa. Pod shattering restricts its use as a leguminous forage crop. This paper reports the results of germplasm evaluation for non-shattering pods and of breeding and selection to improve seed retention. Wide variation in pod-shattering exists between common vetch ecotypes collected from different regions. Three wild mutants with almost completely non-shattering pods were identified and isolated for use as a genetic resource in cross breeding programmes. Genetic studies revealed that the non-shattering character in the wild types of common vetch is due to a simple recessive gene, whereas shattering in the cultivated types is due to an allelic dominant pair of genes. Incorporation of the non-shattering gene into agronomically-promising lines was achieved by back-crossing. Lines having an average of 95—97 % non-shattering pods were obtained, as compared to 40—50 % in the original cultivated lines which represents a major agronomic advance in common vetch breeding. The importance of seed retention to the economics of seed production is discussed.  相似文献   

Distribution of microsatellite alleles linked to Rht8 dwarfing gene in wheat     

M. Ahmad  Mark E. Sorrells 《Euphytica》2002,123(2):235-240

A wheat microsatellite locus, Xgwm 261, whose 192-bp allele closelylinked to the dwarfing gene Rht8, on chromosome 2D, was used toscreen 71 wheat cultivars from 13 countries to assess the variation at thislocus. Screening of this wheat collection showed that a 165-bp allele anda 174-bp allele were the most frequent. None of the New Zealand cultivarspossessed a 192-bp allele specific to Rht8, while only one cultivarfrom the US produced this important allele. The frequency of a 192-bpallele among these wheat cultivars was 5.63%. The highest allelefrequency was observed for a 174-bp fragment (52.11%) followed by a165-bp fragment (26.76%). The only durum wheat `Cham 1', did notshow any amplification due to the absence of D genome. Four new novelalleles, 180-bp, 198-bp, 200-bp and 204-bp present in the US and NewZealand wheat cultivars are reported.  相似文献