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31.
为明确氨基寡糖素5%水剂对桃细菌性穿孔病的防治效果和增产作用,特进行了相关试验调查研究。结果表明,在桃树上喷施氨基寡糖素5%水剂后,对桃树主要病害桃细菌性穿孔病的防效可达63%以上,与单独使用常规化学药剂防效基本相等,具有防病、抗病、减少化学农药使用,保护环境的效果;同时可提高果实外观品质,增产率在7%左右。可在桃树生产中大面积广泛使用。  相似文献   
32.
研究了不同浓度寡聚酸钾对豌豆幼苗生长、根系活力和光合色素含量的影响。结果表明:0.1~10mg/kg的寡聚酸钾均能显著促进豌豆幼苗的生长,提高根系活力和光合色素的含量。1mg/kg的寡聚酸钾对豌豆幼苗根系活力、光合色素含量以及生长指标的促进作用最为明显。  相似文献   
33.
A fucoidan extracted from Saccharina japonica was fractionated by anion exchange chromatography. The most complex fraction F0.5 was degraded by dilute sulphuric acid and then separated by use of an activated carbon column. Fraction Y1 was fractionated by anion exchange and gel filtration chromatography while Fraction Y2 was fractionated by gel filtration chromatography. The fractions were determined by ESI-MS and analyzed by ESI-CID-MS/MS. It was concluded that F0.5 had a backbone of alternating 4-linked GlcA and 2-linked Man with the first Man residue from the nonreducing end accidentally sulfated at C6. In addition, F0.5 had a 3-linked glucuronan, in accordance with a previous report by NMR. Some other structural characteristics included GlcA 1→3 Man 1→4 GlcA, Man 1→3 GlcA 1→4 GlcA, Fuc 1→4 GlcA and Fuc 1→3 Fuc. Finally, it was shown that fucose was sulfated at C2 or C4 while galactose was sulfated at C2, C4 or C6.  相似文献   
34.
Commercially available yeast and yeast subcomponents consisting mainly of β-glucan or oligosaccharide feed additives were added to diets of juvenile (12–18g) Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) at rates recommended by suppliers. Three experiments were conducted following a basic protocol with varied rates of supplementation, duration of feeding, and stocking densities. Experimental diets were fed twice daily to apparent satiation for a period of two or four weeks, at the end of which feed consumption and weight gain were measured. Following the experimental feeding period, serum components, including protein and immunoglobulin concentrations, as well as lysozyme and complement activities, were measured. A disease challenge was conducted with pathogenic isolates of Streptococcus iniae or Edwardsiella tarda. Weight gains were not significantly different in fish fed the supplemented diets when compared to the control diet. There were significant differences in fed intake within individual experiments; however, this effect was not consistent in all three experiments. Overall feed efficiency was not significantly affected by diet. There were no differences in serum components of fish sampled at two or four weeks. Fish fed the experimental diets did not have lower mortality or morbidity after disease challenge compared to fish fed the control diets. Specific antibody against S. iniae or E. tarda measured by ELISA did not reveal differences in the fish surviving the challenge. We conclude that the incorporation of these commercial yeast component products into the diet of juvenile Nile tilapia at these rates and for these feeding periods had no effect on growth, serum components, antibody responses, or survival following S. iniae or E. tarda infection.  相似文献   
35.
为延长月季切花的保鲜期,以月季切花为材料,研究壳寡糖对月季切花的保鲜效果。同时利用分光光度计法检测壳寡糖对月季切花抗氧化酶活性和抗氧化物质含量的影响,进一步探讨其保鲜机理。结果表明:壳寡糖能够延长月季切花瓶插寿命6.4d。与对照相比,壳寡糖瓶插期月季切花的抗氧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性分别提高11.8%~109.3%和32.6%~194.9%,且脯氨酸的含量提高13.0%~98.2%。壳寡糖可提高月季切花的抗氧化能力,能有效延长月季切花瓶插寿命。  相似文献   
36.
以罗汉松当年生实生苗为对象,通过人工补光延长每天育苗的光照时间,施肥时添加寡糖处理,翌年在控制条件下对越冬苗木进行模拟倒春寒处理,取样调查苗木春季生长和干物质。结果表明,添加寡糖处理对苗高、地径和新生根系数量无影响。添加寡糖、延长光照处理地径和当年生叶长分别提高17%和79%,补光对促进苗高的生长和新生根数量的增加具显著影响;延长光照和添加寡糖对地上部和地下根系的干物质积累均有显著促进,补光并添加寡糖处理的茎干干物质较少,根系干物质较大;添加寡糖、延长光照处理的苗木质量提高。  相似文献   
37.
牛蒡提取物对菠菜生长及品质的影响   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
通过盆栽试验,研究了牛蒡粗提液、牛蒡寡糖两种牛蒡提取物对菠菜生长及品质的影响。结果表明,喷施牛蒡粗提液和牛蒡寡糖均可增加菠菜鲜重,分别比清水处理的高38.3%、24.7%;同时,提高菠菜Vc、总糖含量,降低菠菜体内硝酸盐、草酸含量。说明牛蒡粗提液和牛蒡寡糖不仅能促进菠菜生长,而且能改善菠菜品质。牛蒡粗提液和牛蒡寡糖相比,牛蒡粗提液的效果优于牛蒡寡糖,而且牛蒡粗提液的成本约为牛蒡寡糖的1/10~1/15。因此,从使用效果及经济效益考虑,牛蒡粗提液的应用前景更佳。  相似文献   
38.
Unique fucosylated glycosaminoglycans (FG) have attracted increasing attention for various bioactivities. However, the precise structures of FGs usually vary in a species-specific manner. In this study, HfFG was isolated from Holothuria floridana and purified by anion exchange chromatography with the yield of ~0.9%. HfFG was composed of GlcA, GalNAc and Fuc, its molecular weight was 47.3 kDa, and the -OSO3/-COO molar ratio was 3.756. HfFG was depolymerized by a partial deacetylation–deaminative cleavage method to obtain the low-molecular-weight HfFG (dHfFG). Three oligosaccharide fragments (Fr-1, Fr-2, Fr-3) with different molecular weights were isolated from the dHfFG, and their structures were revealed by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. HfFG should be composed of repeating trisaccharide units -{(L-FucS-α1,3-)d-GlcA-β1,3-d-GalNAc4S6S-β1,4-}-, in which sulfated fucose (FucS) includes Fuc2S4S, Fuc3S4S and Fuc4S residues linked to O-3 of GlcA in a ratio of 45:35:20. Furthermore, the heparanase inhibitory activities of native HfFG and oligosaccharide fragments (Fr-1, Fr-2, Fr-3) were evaluated. The native HfFG and its oligosaccharides exhibited heparanase inhibitory activities, and the activities increased with the increase of molecular weight. Additionally, structural characteristics such as sulfation patterns, the terminal structure of oligosaccharides and the presence of fucosyl branches may be important factors affecting heparanase inhibiting activity.  相似文献   
39.
过去几十年来,由于饲用抗生素在畜牧养殖业中的滥用,导致畜禽正常的肠道菌群被破坏并引起肠道细菌耐药性和环境污染等一系列问题,严重损害了畜禽的肠道健康。同时,近年来集约化养殖已经成为畜牧业的发展方向,养殖规模越来越大,如何有效地提高畜禽免疫力已然成为重点的研究方向。健康的肠道是保障畜禽健康生长的基础,保持健康的肠道菌群,能有效提高动物机体的免疫力和抗病能力。甘露寡糖是一种绿色新型饲料添加剂,作为一类功能性寡糖,具有改善畜禽肠道健康和提高免疫应答等作用。在猪生产中,添加甘露寡糖能够提高断奶仔猪的生长性能和免疫力。在家禽生产中,添加甘露寡糖能够改善家禽肠道菌群并提高生产性能和肉品质。作者主要介绍了甘露寡糖的结构及理化性质、改善肠道健康和免疫调控机制及其在断奶仔猪、育肥猪、蛋鸡和肉鸡生产中的应用效果。重点总结了甘露寡糖对畜禽肠道健康和免疫的调控机制及免疫途径,旨在为甘露寡糖在肠道健康和免疫调控方面的深入研究及其在畜禽养殖中的应用提供理论依据。  相似文献   
40.
具有农业生物活性壳寡糖的研究进展   总被引:28,自引:0,他引:28  
壳寡糖是一类由N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖或氨基葡萄糖通过β-(1,4)-糖苷键连接起来的低聚合度水溶性的糖类,在食品、医药、化妆品等方面具有广泛用途。主要评述了壳寡糖在植物生长调节(诱导抗性)、杀菌作用以及杀虫活性方面的应用,表明壳寡糖是一种对环境友好的、良好的生物源农药。  相似文献   
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