不同配方粗饲料对羔羊增重效果的试验     

刘敏  罗建新  汤化军  赛很图娅  王君  江华 《畜牧与饲料科学》2011,32(1):39-40

针对内蒙古巴彦淖尔市草食家畜养殖中普遍存在的粗饲料搭配不合理、主要以秸秆饲喂家畜、优质牧草严重不足等问题,开展了不同配方粗饲料对羔羊增重效果的试验,从而为科学合理地调整和优化粗饲料结构、转变畜牧业经济的增长方式、有效促进饲草料资源的开发和饲草料质量的升级、增加优质牧草或专用牧草的饲喂比例等研究提供参考,以进一步提高畜牧业养殖效益。  相似文献   

山西亚高山草甸青草期羔羊划区轮牧试验   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

董宽虎  胡畅 《山西农业大学学报(自然科学版)》1993,13(3):222-224

以羔羊于青草期在亚高山草甸类草地进行了划区轮牧试验,试验羔羊分为四组,第Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组对草地牧草的利用率分别为40、50和60%,第Ⅳ组为对照,自由放牧。其结果表明,划区轮牧三组羔羊的增重分别比自由放牧提高52.16、47.15和41.62％(P<0.01),胴体重分别较自由放牧增加43.56、23.22和29.67％(P<0.05).通过实施划区轮牧,既能合理利用草地,又能提高放牧家畜的畜产品产量。亚高山草甸类草地四个月的青草期划区轮牧育肥羔羊,每只羊约需草地面积0.09～0.13ha.  相似文献   

The Pathological Changes and Polymorphonuclear and Mast Cell Responses in the Skin of Specific Pathogen-free Lambs Following Primary and Secondary Challenge with Orf Virus     

DAVID McEWAN JENKINSON  PAULINE E. McEWAN  SILAS K. ONWUKA  VICTOR A. MOSS  HUGH Y. ELDER  GLYNNIS HUTCHISON  HUGH W. REID 《Veterinary dermatology》1990,1(3):139-150

Abstract— The primary and secondary responses in the skin of specific pathogen free (SPF) lambs to scarification and orf virus infection were studied and the temporal changes in numbers of dermal polymorphonuclear and mast cells were examined. The clinical and histopathological changes after primary infection were similar to those previously described after secondary infection although there was a more severe reaction and an increased timescale. It is concluded that relevant data on the cellular processes involved in the host response to orf virus can be obtained from previously infected animals. Two stages of cutaneous response were identified histologically; (i) repair of the injury and (ii) reaction to virus replication, which, as determined by antigen location, initially seemed to occur within the newly repaired epidermis. The second stage comprised a localised inflammatory response and epidermal proliferation beneath it, resulting in isolation of the infected zone. The response involved neutrophils, basophils and possibly mast cells but not eosinophils. Résumé— Les résponses primaires et secondaires dans la peau d'agneaux SPF à la scarification et à l'infection par le virus de l'ecthyma contagieux ont étéétudiées, ainsi que les modifications dans le temps du nombre de leucocytes et de mastocytes dermiques. Les modifications cliniques et histologiques après une primoinfection étaient similaires à celles que l'on à décrites précédemment lors d'infection secondaire, encore que la réaction soit plus sévère et plus durable. Il a été conclu que des données fiables concernant les processus cellulaires impliqués dans la réponse de l'hôte au virus de l'ecthyma contagieux pouvaient être obtenues à partir d'animaux qui avaient déjàété infectés. Deux étapes ont été identifiées histologiquement dans la réponse cutanée: (i) réparation du traumatisme et (ii) réaction à la réplication virale, qui, comme le démontre la localisation de l'antigène, semble initialement se faire dans l'épiderme cicatriciel. La seconde étape comprend une réponse inflammatoire localisée et une prolifération épidermique sous-jacente, aboutissant à une excision de la zone infectée. La réponse implique une participation des neutrophiles, des basophiles, des mastocytes mais, pas des éosinophiles. Zusammenfassung— Die primären und sekundären Reaktionen in der Haut von spezifisch-pathogen-freíen (SPF) Lämmern nach Skarifikation und Infektion mit ORF-Viren wurden untersucht und Daten über die temporafen Veränderungen in der Zahl der dermalen polymorphonukleären Zellen und Mastzellen erhoben. Die klinischen und histopathologischen Veränderungen nach der primären Infektion ähnelten denen die nach sekundärer Infektion beschrieben wurden. Die Reaktion war jedoch schwerer und die Dauer länger. Man schließt daraus, daß relevante daten über die zellulären Prozesse, die bei der Reaktion des Wirtsorganismus auf ORF-Viren beteilligt sind, von schon früher intizierten Individuen erhalten werden können. Histologisch lassen sich zwei Stadien unterscheiden: (I) Reparation des Defekts und (II) Reaktion auf die Virusreplikation, die—auch Antigenlokalisierung bestimmt—anfangs zeitlich mit der neu hergestellt Epidermis zusammenfällt. Das zweite Stadium umfaßt eine lokalisierte Entzündungsreaktion mit einer darunterliegenden, epidermalen Proliferation, wodurch der infizierte Bereich abgestoßen wird. An der Reaktion sind neutrophile und basophile Granulozyten, möglicherweise auch Mastzellen beteiligt, nicht aber eosinophile Granulozyten. Resumen En este trabajo se describen las respuestas primarias y secundarias en la piel de corderos SPF (specific pathogen free) después de una escarificación y aplicación de virus del ectima; así como los cambios que se producen en los polimorfonucleares y las células cebadas de la dermis. Los cambios clínicos e histopatológicos después de la infección primaria fueron semejantes a los observados después de la infección secundaria, aunque la infección fue más intensa y más duradera. Se concluye que se pueden obtener datos relevantes sobre los procesos celulares que participan en la respuesta del hospedador contra el virus del ectima a partir de animales infectados previamente. Histológicamente se identificaron dos etapas en la respuesta cutánea; (1) preparación de la agresión y (2) reacción a la replicación viral, que, de acuerdo con la localización del antígeno, parece ocurrir inicialmente en la epidermis recientemente regenerada. La segunda etapa consistía fundamentalmente en una respuesta inflamatoria localizada y en una regeneración epidérmica junto a la misma, que resultaba en una escisión de la zona infectada. En la respuesta participaban neutrófilos, basófilos y probablemente células cebadas aunque no eosinófilos.  相似文献   

不同营养水平全饲粮颗粒料对育肥羔羊钙、磷表观消化与代谢的影响     

淡瑞芳  郭艳丽  郝正里  李发弟  郑中朝  程胜利 《家畜生态》2004,25(4):26-28

采用单因子分组设计,按同质原则将27只陶塞特(♂)与藏羊(♀)杂交一代公羔(3.5～4月龄)分为三组(每组9只),喂以不同能量与蛋白质水平(NRC、0.8NRC、0.9NRC)的全饲粮颗粒料。在饲养试验期间,从每组选5只试羊进行消化代谢试验,以研究不同营养水平对羔羊钙、磷消化与代谢的影响。试验结果表明:不同能量与蛋白质水平全饲粮颗粒饲料对羔羊钙、磷的表观吸收率和表观存留率均无显著影响(P>0.05)。  相似文献   

Effect of breed and sward height on sheep performance and production per hectare during the spring and autumn in Northern Spain   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

K. Osoro  A. Martínez  R. Celaya 《Grass and Forage Science》2002,57(2):137-146

Abstract Effects of breed and sward surface height on ewe liveweight and body condition changes and on lamb liveweight gains during grazing in the spring and autumn were studied. The output per hectare in each season was also calculated. A total of 112 Gallega ewes (35·6 kg live weight) and 204 Latxa ewes (47·5 kg live weight) with their lambs were used during the spring (March–June) to study the effect of five target sward heights (3·0, 4·5, 5·5, 6·5 and 8·0 cm) and the interaction with breed. In autumn (October–December) 155 Gallega and 126 Latxa ewes were used to study the effect of three target sward heights (4·0, 5·5 and 7·0 cm) and the interaction with breed. Each study was replicated twice. A quadratic relationship was found between sward height and ewe liveweight and body condition changes and lamb liveweight gain during the spring grazing season, with the maximum individual performance being achieved at around a sward height of 6·0 cm. There were significant breed × sward height treatment interactions for ewe liveweight and body condition changes, and lamb liveweight gains. Higher liveweight gains were achieved by Latxa ewes and lambs in swards taller than 6·5 cm but they also sustained higher liveweight losses in swards shorter than 4·5 cm. Nevertheless, a higher output (liveweight gains of ewes + lambs) per hectare for a given weaning date or age was achieved by the Gallega ewes. In autumn, the relationship between liveweight change and sward height was linear, with a breed–sward height interaction similar to that observed in the spring. Sward surface heights of 4·0–4·5 cm and 4·5–5·0 cm were required to maintain live weight and body condition in spring and autumn respectively. Lamb and ewe liveweight gains per hectare decreased considerably in swards taller than 6·5 cm.  相似文献   

Mineral testing — The approach depends on what you want to find out     

R.G. Clark  R.S. Ellison 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(2):98-100

Extract

Comments have been made by veterinary practitioners and farmers on the appropriateness of the MAF Quality Management animal health laboratory mineral reference ranges. These ranges are designed to determine if a group of animals will respond to supplementation at the time of sampling. There are other reasons for sampling animals and this will affect the way these ranges are interpreted. We consider this fact is not clearly understood and is at least part of the reason for the questions being asked.  相似文献   

Predicting copper status in beef cattle using serum copper concentrations     

J.J Vermunt  D.M. West 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(5):194-195

Copper deficiency is common in pasture-fed cattle in New Zealand⁽¹⁾. In general, the diagnosis of copper deficiency in a herd of cattle is based on a combination of history, examination of animals, examination of the environment, chemical analysis of blood, liver or pasture, and treatment response trials. The laboratory diagnosis of copper deficiency is currently based on liver and either plasma or serum concentrations of copper. Ellison⁽²⁾ reviewed the copper reference range for cattle used by the animal health laboratories in New Zealand and concluded that there is strong agreement in the literature that serum copper concentrations greater than 7.9 𝛍mol/l and liver copper concentrations greater than 95 𝛍mol/kg are adequate for young cattle. Furthermore, it has been reported that if copper concentrations in the liver are greater than 150–200 𝛍mol/kg wet weight, there is a negligible increase in serum copper as liver concentrations increase further⁽²⁾, with individual animal variation accounting for the range of values in serum copper at this point (7.9–18 𝛍mol/l).  相似文献   

酵母β-葡聚糖对早期断奶羔羊瘤胃氮代谢的影响     

李冲  魏占虎  李发弟  马友记  王维民  姜仲文  周勇 《甘肃农业科技》2013,(10):11-13

选用甘肃肉用绵羊新品种选育群初生公羔20只,随机分为5组,观测了饲粮中添加不同剂量（0、37．50、75．00、112．50、150．00mg／kg）酵母β-葡聚糖对早期断奶羔羊瘤胃氮代谢参数的影响,结果表明,添加酵母β-葡聚糖对日龄82d的羔羊瘤胃液中总氮、氨氮和蛋白氮含量均没有显著影响（P〉0.05）,75．00mg／kg的添加剂量组尿素氮含量有高于对照组的趋势（P=0．091）,食前150．00mg／kg添加剂量组血清尿素氮显著低于对照组（P〈．05）。  相似文献   

哈萨克马和焉耆马不同组织中IGFBP-5基因表达差异研究     

吐尔逊江&#  吾木尔艾力  孟军  王建文  曾亚琦  姚新奎  李林玲  姚芳芳  王欢  任海帆  黄晶晶  阿米娜 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(9):2257-2264

试验旨在探求胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白-5（insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5,IGFBP-5）基因在哈萨克马和焉耆马不同组织部位中的mRNA表达规律。采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测在哈萨克马和焉耆马心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、小肠、大肠、盲肠、肋间肌、背最长肌、臂肌和臀肌等不同组织中IGFBP-5基因mRNA表达量,同时比较该基因在哈萨克马和焉耆马相同组织中的表达差异。结果表明,哈萨克马和焉耆马表达量最高的均为背最长肌,其次是臂肌,并显著高于心脏、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、小肠、大肠、盲肠等内脏组织表达量（P<0.05）,大肠中的表达量最低;焉耆马的肾脏、小肠、大肠、盲肠、背最长肌和臂肌中表达量高于哈萨克马相同部位的表达量,其中焉耆马背最长肌和大肠中的表达量极显著高于哈萨克马的相同部位（P<0.01）,小肠和盲肠中的表达量显著高于哈萨克马的相同部位（P<0.05）。本试验为深入研究IGFBP-5基因的生物学功能,以及对中国马生产性能的遗传改良提供理论依据。  相似文献   

Natural or replacer sources of milk in lambs during feeding adaptation: influences on performance,metabolism of protein and lipid and oxidative/antioxidant status          下载免费PDF全文

R. K. Grosskopf  H. M. Grosskopf  J. P. Boito  N. B. Bottari  G. Machado  A. H. Biazus  M. R. C. Schetinger  V. M. Morsch  A. A. Tonin  D. Paiano  A. Balzan  A. S. da Silva 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2017,101(2):243-250

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of milk feeding using milk replacer (MR) or natural ewe's milk (NEM) for Lacaune lambs on performance, protein and lipid metabolism and oxidative/antioxidant status. These parameters were evaluated during the period of feeding adaptation, which corresponded to 12 days after ewe's separation. Fifteen lambs were selected and divided into two groups: Group A (n = 7) with lambs receiving natural milk; Group B (n = 8) with lambs receiving a milk replacer. Liquid food supply, for both groups, was set according to their body weight, given in two daily periods. Feed intake was also obtained by individual body weight and adjusted according leftovers. Blood samples were collected on three different days (0, 6 and 12) to perform the serum analysis of total protein, albumin, cholesterol, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and urea. Additionally, the oxidative profile was analysed in sera samples through the assessment of TBARS (reactive substances thiobarbituric acid) and ROS (reactive oxygen species) which aims to identify lipid peroxidation and free radical levels, respectively, as well as the antioxidant profile evaluating glutathione S‐transferase (GST). There was no statistical difference (p > 0.05) between groups on levels of total protein, albumin and globulin. However, cholesterol (day 6), triglycerides (days 6 and 12), urea (day 6) and ALT (day 12) levels differed (p < 0.05) between groups. Values of total protein, globulin, ALT and TBARS differed (p < 0.05) along the time. The average weight gain and body weight differed (p < 0.05) only on day 12, showing that weight gain was higher for lambs fed with NEM. The performance of lambs fed with MR was impaired. Biochemical parameters had a slight variation between groups and along the time, as well as oxidative/antioxidant status did not change in the different liquid diets.  相似文献