对猪肾脏局灶性病变的初步探讨     

常相忱  李世财 《北方水稻》2003,(4):47-48

简述了猪肾脏局灶性病变的病变形态及分布情况,对病变部位进行综合性检查,指出病理学诊断的主要依据;同时对该病进行涂片镜检、分离培养、肉汤培养等实验室诊断,结果表明:该病灶多发生在六、七月份,并多发在当日进库次日屠宰的猪中,系由巴氏杆菌引起的猪肾脏局灶性病变。  相似文献   

Are seeding densities an opportunity to increase grain yield of winter wheat in a living mulch of white clover?   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

J. Hiltbrunner  B. Streit  M. Liedgens 《Field Crops Research》2007

Optimum plant densities are a key to maximise yields in most crops. However, such information is often lacking for more environmentally sound cropping systems, such as living mulches (LM) for small grains. In 2004 and 2005, three trials were conducted in the Swiss Midlands on fields managed in accordance with the Swiss organic farming guidelines. The objective of the study was to determine whether seeding density of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a relevant factor for determining grain yield in a white clover (Trifolium repens L.) living mulch. The winter wheat cv. Titlis was directly sown in wide spaced rows (0.375 m) at densities of 300 (LM300), 450 (LM450) or 600 (LM600) viable grains m⁻² in a white clover living mulch established at a seeding rate of 15 kg ha⁻¹. A bare soil control treatment with a wheat density of 450 viable grains m⁻² (BS450) was also included in the trials. Mean grain yields of LM300, LM450, and LM600 never reached the values observed in BS450. This was mainly due to a lower ear density, which, nevertheless, increased linearly with the seeding density within the living mulch in all trials, but the rate of increase depended on the environment. The decrease of the grain weight brought about by the increasing seeding density had only a marginal impact on the grain yield, which was increased from 1.31, 1.98, and 4.09 Mg ha⁻¹ (LM300) to 1.97, 2.64, and 4.75 Mg ha⁻¹ (LM600) for each of the three trials in the study. Significantly higher protein contents were observed for LM300 compared to the higher densities in the living mulch and to BS450. Our research showed that an increase of the seeding density is an effective mean to increase the grain yield in living mulch systems with white clover. However, it is likely that the control of the living mulch to reduce competition with the main crop is a more relevant factor.  相似文献   

基于深度图像和生猪骨架端点分析的生猪步频特征提取   总被引：7，自引：6，他引：1  

刘波  朱伟兴  杨建军  马长华 《农业工程学报》2014,30(10):131-137

为高效提取生猪的行走快慢特征,以微软公司Kinect作为图像采集设备,采集生猪运动深度图像序列。在对各帧深度图像进行骨架提取、剪枝的基础上,采用基于路径相似性骨架图匹配法确定生猪前后肢骨架端点,进一步以骨架端点所属骨架枝子集像素值特征判定端点远近侧属性。以生猪前后肢远、近侧端点的帧间相对坐标变化建立了生猪运动模型,提出了通过帧间坐标变化点集拟合正弦曲线计算生猪行走完整步的方法。最后,通过计算序列完整步与序列采集时间长度比值提取生猪步频特征。通过对采集的28个生猪运动深度图像序列及其镜像序列共56个图像序列进行的试验,表明该文提出方法的正确率达到82.1%。该项研究对于开展生猪异常步态分析,进一步建立生猪多源特征融合的计算机视觉异常监测系统,提高生猪异常行为预警可靠性具有重要意义。  相似文献   

Candidate gene expression and intramuscular fat content in pigs     

Serão NV  Veroneze R  Ribeiro AM  Verardo LL  Braccini Neto J  Gasparino E  Campos CF  Lopes PS  Guimarães SE 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2011,128(1):28-34

Seventy-two pigs of three genetic groups (Brazilian indigenous breed Piau, Commercial line and Crossbred) of both sexes were slaughtered at four live weights (30, 60, 90 and 120 kg). Intramuscular fat (IMF) content in Longissimus dorsi muscle of each animal was extracted and correlated with candidate gene mRNA expression (ATN1, EEF1A2, FABP3, LDLR, MGP, OBSCN, PDHB, TRDN and RYR1). Within slaughter weight of 120 kg, Piau and Crossbred pigs showed higher IMF content (p < 0.05) than commercial animals, with 2.48, 2.08 and 1.00% respectively. Barrows presented higher values of IMF (p < 0.05) than gilts (1.54 and 1.30% respectively). Gene expression of EEF1A2, FABP3, LDLR, OBSCN, PDHB, TRDN and RYR1 were correlated with IMF (p < 0.05) using the whole dataset. For Piau data only, expression of FABP3, LDLR, MGP, OBSCN, PDHB, TRDN and RYR1 showed correlation with IMF (p < 0.05). Genes that have important roles in lipid transportation inside the cell (FABP3) and tissues (LDLR) showed correlation with IMF of, respectively, 0.68 and 0.63 using the whole data set, and 0.90 and 0.91 using data from Piau animals. The highly positive correlation of the LDLR and FAPB3 expression with IMF content may confirm that these genes are important for fat deposition in the porcine L. dorsi muscle.  相似文献   

Building phenotype networks to improve QTL detection: a comparative analysis of fatty acid and fat traits in pigs     

Yang B  Navarro N  Noguera JL  Muñoz M  Guo TF  Yang KX  Ma JW  Folch JM  Huang LS  Pérez-Enciso M 《Zeitschrift für Tierzüchtung und Züchtungsbiologie》2011,128(5):329-343

Models in QTL mapping can be improved by considering all potential variables, i.e. we can use remaining traits other than the trait under study as potential predictors. QTL mapping is often conducted by correcting for a few fixed effects or covariates (e.g. sex, age), although many traits with potential causal relationships between them are recorded. In this work, we evaluate by simulation several procedures to identify optimum models in QTL scans: forward selection, undirected dependency graph and QTL-directed dependency graph (QDG). The latter, QDG, performed better in terms of power and false discovery rate and was applied to fatty acid (FA) composition and fat deposition traits in two pig F2 crosses from China and Spain. Compared with the typical QTL mapping, QDG approach revealed several new QTL. To the contrary, several FA QTL on chromosome 4 (e.g. Palmitic, C16:0; Stearic, C18:0) detected by typical mapping vanished after adjusting for phenotypic covariates in QDG mapping. This suggests that the QTL detected in typical mapping could be indirect. When a QTL is supported by both approaches, there is an increased confidence that the QTL have a primary effect on the corresponding trait. An example is a QTL for C16:1 on chromosome 8. In conclusion, mapping QTL based on causal phenotypic networks can increase power and help to make more biologically sound hypothesis on the genetic architecture of complex traits.  相似文献   

东方白鹳国内圈养种群的统计分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马珺 《野生动物》2011,32(5):273-276

应用种群管理软件SPARKS 1.5及PM 2000 v1.214对东方白鹳的国内圈养种群进行统计分析。在有记录的36 a人工圈养的历史中,野外捕获个体在1975～1999年间是构成圈养种群的主要部分,自1984年首个圈养个体出生后,圈养出生个体数量以年平均增长率15.10%速度增长,至2000年取代野外捕获个体数量,成为目前种群发展的主要力量。截至2009年12月31日,我国共有61家动物园或机构圈养了375只东方白鹳个体。种群周期增长率λ=1.0311,性别比例为雄性：雌性=0.927 8,现有种群中能够繁殖的个体共25只（雄性13只,雌性12只）;种群遗传多样性指标GD=95.44%,平均近亲系数F=0.031 6。为了保证东方白鹳国内圈养种群的自我维持,促进种群的健康发展,建议开展未知性别个体的性别鉴定工作、建立种群发展规划并进行合理的宏观调控。  相似文献   

Peripheral white blood cell counts throughout pregnancy in non-aborting Neospora caninum-seronegative and seropositive high-producing dairy cows in a Holstein Friesian herd     

B. Serrano  S. Almería  I. García-Ispierto  J.L. Yániz  A. Abdelfattah-Hassan  F. López-Gatius 《Research in veterinary science》2011,90(3):457-462

Pregnancy is characterized by transient changes in the maternal immune system, also evident at peripheral level. The present study analyzes the kinetics and possible factors affecting peripheral white blood cell populations throughout pregnancy in a herd of high-producing dairy cows chronically infected or not with Neospora caninum. We examined 54 pregnant parous cows: 29 Neospora-seronegative and 25 Neospora-seropositive cows. Blood samples were collected on Days 90, 120, 150, 180 and 210 of gestation. General Linear Model (GLM) repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the interaction Neospora-seropositivity × parity significantly affected total leukocyte, neutrophil and monocyte counts with lower levels of total leukocytes, lower neutrophil and higher monocyte counts recorded in primiparous Neospora-seropositive cows. In addition, N. caninum-seropositive cows had significantly increased monocyte counts on Day 180 of gestation compared to seronegative ones. Other factors significantly associated with changes in total and/or differential leukocyte profiles were period of pregnancy, season, twin pregnancy and milk production. In conclusion, a parity-associated effect of chronic N. caninum infection was observed on peripheral blood cell profiles in dairy cattle during gestation.  相似文献   

白羽番鸭ApoVLDL-Ⅱ基因内含子1的克隆及其多态与生长、肉质和脂肪性状的关联分析     

张依裕  徐琪  段修军  张海波  孙国波  赵文明  陈国宏 《中国畜牧杂志》2011,47(1)

以10周龄白羽番鸭为材料,对ApoVLDL-II基因内含子1进行克隆和SSCP检测,并分析其多态与生长、肉质和脂肪性状的关系。结果表明:白羽番鸭ApoVLDL-II基因内含子1序列全长1 362 bp,与家鸭和鸡的同源性分别为93.6%和69.2%;经SSCP分析,仅A4位点检测到多态,共3种基因型,序列比对发现在770 bp碱基之后插入/缺失1个AAAATCTTGTTTA序列和803 bp处发生A→G突变,该位点属中度多态,并偏离了Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P<0.05);关联分析显示,CC基因型个体的pH和胸肌水分显著低于DD基因型的(P<0.05),肌内脂肪(IMF)、血清甘油三酯(TG)和血清胆碱酯酶(ChE)则显著高于DD型的(P<0.05),CD基因型个体的胸肌水分显著低于DD基因型的(P<0.05),其他性状各基因型间的差异均不显著(P>0.05)。由此推测,白羽番鸭ApoVLDL-II基因内含子1的多态可能对肉质和脂肪代谢有着重要影响,CC基因型可能是脂肪沉积的有利基因型。  相似文献   

猪TLR4基因在F18大肠杆菌抗性型和敏感型资源群体间的差异表达分析   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

包文斌  潘章源  朱璟  叶兰  杜子栋  蔡家嘉  黄小国  朱国强  吴圣龙 《畜牧兽医学报》2011,42(2)

本研究旨在检测TLR4基因mRNA在猪各个组织的分布以及在F18大肠杆菌抗性型和敏感型群体间差异表达水平,为探讨该基因在免疫识别和F18大肠杆菌抗性中发挥的作用提供理论依据。本试验运用SYBR GreenⅠ实时荧光定量PCR技术进行定量测定。首先,各取8头35日龄F18大肠杆菌抗性型和敏感型苏太仔猪组织样,包括心脏、肝脏、脾脏等11个组织,提取总RNA,以GAPDH基因为内参基因,进行实时荧光定量PCR。对TLR4基因mR-NA进行均一化处理,利用荧光阈值(Ct值)计算TLR4基因mRNA在各个组织以及F18大肠杆菌抗性型和敏感型群体间表达量。结果显示,TLR4 mRNA在猪各种组织中广泛表达,在肺、淋巴结、肾脏和脾脏等免疫器官中表达量较高,F18大肠杆菌敏感型的TLR4基因表达量普遍高于抗性型个体的表达量,在各个组织中(除胃外)TLR4表达量差异倍数从1.083到2.980不等;在肺、淋巴结、肾脏和胸腺组织中,F18大肠杆菌敏感型的TLR4基因表达量显著高于抗性型个体的表达量(P<0.05)。本研究结果表明,TLR4基因通过天然免疫识别机制对猪F18大肠杆菌病等革兰氏阴性疾病有一定的影响,TLR4基因表达量...  相似文献   

贵州香猪睾丸发育中支持细胞和生精细胞数量变化观察   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

田兴贵  李江森  主性  刘若余 《畜牧与兽医》2011,43(4)

为了解香猪睾丸发育过程中生殖细胞和支持细胞数变化规律,用手术取出30,40,50,70,90和110日龄(每个年龄组n=3～4)香猪右侧睾丸,经中性多聚甲醛固定,石蜡包埋,组织切片采用免疫组化SP法,用单克隆抗体GATA-4检测睾丸支持细胞的特异生长转录因子-4,经DAB显色、苏木素复染。光镜下核呈棕色者为支持细胞,核呈蓝色者则为生殖细胞;经显微照相并用Scion image软件测量生精小管及管壁面积。结果:30～110日龄睾丸支持细胞数维持在稳定水平(P>0.05),而生殖细胞数随日龄增加而增多,70日龄生殖细胞数快速增多(P<0.05),持续到110日龄。同样,从70日龄开始睾丸生精小管和管壁面积显著性增大(P<0.05)。香猪睾丸支持细胞快速增殖发生在30日龄前,而生殖细胞数随着日龄的增长而增多。  相似文献