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51.
用PCR方法从弓形虫RH株全基因组中扩增ROP18基因,将其克隆至pMD18-T载体,经测序分析后,构建真核表达穿梭质粒pLEXSY-neo2-ROP18;利用电转染技术将外源基因表达盒转入蜥蜴利什曼原虫,G418筛选阳性克隆;阳性克隆分离培养后提取基因组,用ROP18特异性引物及同源重组鉴定引物进行重组利什曼原虫PCR鉴定,结果阳性虫体中扩增出特异性目的条带;应用鼠抗弓形虫多抗血清以Western blot印记法从蛋白水平进行重组蛋白检测,证明目的蛋白在蜥蜴利什曼原虫中得到表达。 相似文献
52.
Flavio H. Alonso Demitria M. Vasilatis Sridhar M. Veluvolu Jennifer L. Willcox Breanna M. Scorza Christine A. Petersen Amir Kol 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2021,50(1):71-75
A 3‐year‐old dog was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of the University of California‐Davis for further evaluation of episodes of epistaxis of 1‐year duration and peripheral lymphadenopathy. The patient had a history of atopic dermatitis with no travel history outside of California. Hyperglobulinemia with a polyclonal gammopathy was noted on serum protein electrophoresis. Microscopic evaluation of a bone marrow aspirate sample revealed many free and intra‐cellular amastigotes of Leishmania sp. that was further confirmed by qPCR as L infantum. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first reported case of canine leishmaniasis in the state of California. The patient is believed to have been vertically infected from the dam who is from Serbia and remained subclinical until presentation. Because the clinical progression of leishmaniasis is variable, it is important that precautions be discussed with owners acquiring puppies with dams from endemic regions of leishmaniasis to prevent zoonotic exposure in states where competent vectors are present. 相似文献
53.
Dos Santos AO Britta EA Bianco EM Ueda-Nakamura T Filho BP Pereira RC Nakamura CV 《Marine drugs》2011,9(11):2369-2383
Natural marine products have shown an interesting array of diverse and novel chemical structures with potent biological activities. Our study reports the antiproliferative assays of crude extracts, fraction and pure compound (4R,9S,14S)-4α-acetoxy-9β,14α-dihydroxydolast-1(15),7-diene (1) obtained from brown alga Canistrocarpus cervicornis showing the antileishmanial activity. We showed that 1 had a dose-dependent activity during 72 h of treatment, exhibiting IC(50) of 2.0 μg/mL, 12.0 μg/mL, and 4.0 μg/mL for promastigote, axenic amastigote and intracellular amastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis, respectively. A cytotoxicity assay showed that the action of the isolated compound 1 was 93.0 times less toxic to the macrophage than to the protozoan. Additionally, compound 1 induced ultrastructural changes, including extensive mitochondrial damage; decrease in Rh123 fluorescence, suggesting interference with the mitochondrial membrane potential; and lipid peroxidation in parasite cells. The use of 1 from C. cervicornis against L. amazonensis parasites might be of great interest as a future alternative to the development of new antileishmanial drugs. 相似文献
54.
ALEXANDER F. KOUTINAS DANNY W. SCOTT† VASSILIOS KANTOS STEFANO LEKKAS 《Veterinary dermatology》1992,3(3):121-130
Abstract— Skin lesions occurring in 22 dogs with leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) were studied clinically and histopathologically, so as to better characterize the range of abnormalities encountered in this disease. The main clinical dermatological patterns observed were exfoliative dermatitis (90.9 per cent of dogs), ulcerations (63.6 per cent), onychogryposis (54.5 per cent), sterile pustular dermatitis (13.6 per cent), and paronychia (13.6 per cent). Most of the dogs (86.4 per cent) had more than one type of skin lesion. The most commonly seen histopathological patterns were granulomatous perifolliculitis and sebaceous adenitis (68.2 per cent), superficial and deep perivascular dermatitis (54.5 per cent), and interstitial dermatitis (50.0 per cent). Parasites, mostly within macrophages, were detected in the skin biopsies from 50.0 per cent of the dogs. Résumé— Les lesions cutanés de 22 chiens atteints de leishmaniose ont étéétudiées cliniquement et histopathologiquement, afin de mieux caractériser les anomalies observées lors de cette maladie. La principale manifestation dermatologique observée était une dermatitie exfoliative (90,9% des chiens), des ulcérations (63,6%), une onychogriphose (54,5%) une dermite pustuleuse stérile (13,6%) et une paronychie (13,6%). La plupart des chiens (84,6%) avaient plus d'un type de lésion cutanée. Les lesions histopathologiques les plus communes étaient des périfolliculites granulomateuses et des adénites sébacées (68,2%), une dermite superficielle et profonde périvasculire (54,5%), une dermite intersticielle (50%). Les parasites, généraiement dans les macrophages, ont été isolés dans une biopsie sur deux. Zusammenfassung— Hautveränderungen, die bei 22 Hunden mit Leishmaniose (Kala-azar) auftraten, wurden klinisch und histopathologisch untersucht, um die Spannweite der Veränderungen, die bei dieser Krankheit auftreten, besser charakterisieren zu können. Als hauptsächliche klinische dermatologische Symptome wurden exfoliative Dermatitis (90,9% der Hunde), Ulzerationen (63,6%), Onychogrypose (54,5%)), sterile pustulöse Dermatitis (13,6%) und Paronychie (13,6%) beobachtet. Die meisten Hunde (86,4%) wiesen mehr als einen Typ Hautveränderung auf. Die häufigsten histopathologischen Befunde bestanden in granulomatöser Perifollikulitis und Talgdrüsenadenitis (68,2%), oberflächlicher und tiefer perivaskulärer Dermatitis (54,5%) und interstitieller Dermatitis (50,0%). Die Parasiten, die meistens in den Makrophagen liegen, wurden in den Hautbiopsien bei 50,0% der Hunde entdeckt. Resumen Se estudiarion clínica e histopatológicamente las lesiones cutáneas padecidas por 22 perros con leismaniasis (Kala-azar), con el propósito de caracterizar el rango de abnormalidades producidas por la enfermedad. La sprincipales características patológicias observadas fueron: dermatitis exfoliativa (90.9% de los perros), ulceraciones (63.6%), onicogriposis (54.5%), dermatitis postular esteril (13.6%), y paronquia (13.6%). La mayoría de los perros, (86.4%), presentaban más de un tipo de lesion dérmica. Los modelos histopatológicos reconocidos más frequentemente fueron: perifoliculitis granulomatosa y adenitis sebácea (68.2%)), dermatitis perivascular superficial y profunda (54.5%), y dermatitis intersticial (50%). Las biopsias cutáneas detectaron parásitos, la mayoría en los macrófagos, en 50% de los perros. 相似文献
55.
Chitimia L Muñoz-García CI Sánchez-Velasco D Lizana V Del Río L Murcia L Fisa R Riera C Giménez-Font P Jiménez-Montalbán P Martínez-Ramírez A Meseguer-Meseguer JM García-Bacete I Sánchez-Isarria MA Sanchis-Monsonís G García-Martínez JD Vicente V Segovia M Berriatua E 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,181(1):12-16
An epidemiological study was carried out to investigate asymptomatic Leishmania infantum infection by PCR and ELISA in wild rabbits, humans and domestic dogs in southeastern Spain. Seroprevalence was 0% (0/36) in rabbits, 2% (13/657) in humans and 7% (14/208) in dogs. The prevalence of PCR-positives was 0.6% (1/162) in rabbits tested in a wide range of tissue samples, 2% (8/392) in humans analysed in blood samples and 10% (20/193) and 67% (29/43) in dogs analysed in blood and lymphoid tissue samples, respectively. Results suggest that wild rabbits have a very low risk of becoming chronically infected with L. infantum, and provide further evidence that cryptic L. infantum infection is widespread in the domestic dog population and is also present in a comparatively smaller proportion of healthy humans. The epidemiological and clinical implications of these findings are discussed. 相似文献
56.
Cortes S Chicharro C Cruz I Cristovão JM Cañavate C Campino L 《Zoonoses and public health》2011,58(4):234-237
Leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum is a zoonotic disease endemic in South Europe, from Portugal to the Middle East. The aim of the present study was to investigate the genetic diversity of L. infantum parasites in Iberian Peninsula. Twenty-four L. infantum strains isolated from immunocompetent patients with leishmaniasis from several localities of Portugal and Spain were studied. The use of kinetoplast DNA-PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism as a molecular marker revealed intra-specific variation. No association was found between genotype and clinical form of the disease or patients age group. Two main clusters were identified with this marker: (i) zymodeme MON-1 strains and (ii) non-MON-1 strains. However, no association was found between strains variability and geographical distribution suggesting that parasite populations of different regions in the Iberian Peninsula are homogenous. 相似文献
57.
Michele Podaliri Vulpiani Luigi Iannetti Tiberio Di Mattia Paolo Dalla Villa 《Veterinary parasitology》2009,160(3-4):190-197
Leishmaniasis from Leishmania infantum is a parasitary zoonotic disease and a serious problem to public health. Guidelines from Italian Health Authority (Istituto Superiore di Sanità) suggest to control the zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis canine reservoir in endemic areas using an association of preventive and therapeutic tools. Moreover, in literature there are no studies about the long term effects on the disease seroprevalence and incidence in relation to this “holistic” approach. Past research has considered the effects of the alternative employment of preventive or therapeutic treatment, usually for limited periods. In this retrospective study the patterns of seroprevalence and incidence of leishmaniasis in a dog shelter sited in an endemic area of Central Italy are described throughout a 4-year period. Both preventive spot-on tools (imidacloprid/permetrin) and therapeutic protocols based on antimonials and allopurinol were administered. The results showed a progressive reduction of prevalence and incidence of serological reactivity to L. infantum, corroborating the effectiveness of the treatment administered to the animals. Significant improvements from the beginning to the end of the 4-year period were reported, considering both prevalence and incidence. A very low rate of relapses (8% in a pool of 67 subjects positive since 2004; 10.2% among all subjects enrolled in the study) was achieved. 相似文献
58.
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a life-threatening disease of medical, social and economic importance in endemic areas. Dogs are the main reservoir of Leishmaniainfantum. In this study, the authors investigated a group of 56 natural infected dogs to establish the relationship between parasite load and various clinical forms of leishmaniasis.The sick dogs were monitored at the beginning from clinical and physiological point of view. Leishmania load was measured by real-time PCR assay on whole blood samples and lymph node aspirates, collected at the time of diagnosis.Our results indicate that a higher quantity of Leishmania DNA was found in the lymph nodes of dogs characterized by maximum clinical score. This interesting finding indicates the presence of a positive relationship between Leishmania load and clinical manifestations in dogs showing a severe clinical form of leishmaniasis. 相似文献
59.
Silvia S. Longoni Manuel Sánchez-MorenoJorge Emilio Rivera López Clotilde Marín 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2013
Leishmania spp. are digenetic parasites whose infection occurs inside the mononuclear phagocitary system. The iron superoxide dismutase secreted (Fe-SODe) by promastigotes of Leishmania spp. seems to plays an important role in the defense to environmental detoxification and neutralization of oxidative stress damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by macrophages during the infection. Parasites Fe-SODe is involved in establishing the infection and manifestation of Leishmaniasis. Its high immunogenicity makes it a useful molecular marker in diagnosing trypanosomatids infections. The aim of this study is demonstrate that purified Fe-SODe from Leishmania infantum is much more sensitive than un-purified Fe-SODe for diagnosis canine Leishmaniasis. We have purified a Fe-SODe of L. infantum using an ion exchange and a molecular sieve chromatographies and its application in diagnosis of canine Leishmaniasis was tested. One hundred and forty-five dogs’ sera from Andalusia Autonomous Community, Spain were tested by ELISA and Western blot and the antigen Fe-SODe purified is compared with two different antigens: the total parasites soluble lysate and the unpurified Fe-SODe. To validate the results obtained using the Fe-SODe purified we tasted 10 L. infantum infected dogs’ sera from Lombardy, Italy as positive control. 相似文献
60.
Catone G Marino G Poglayen G Gramiccia M Ludovisi A Zanghì A 《Veterinary research communications》2003,27(7):549-553
Veterinary Research Communications - 相似文献