低温胁迫下马铃薯的数字基因表达谱分析     

杨慧菊  郭华春 《作物学报》2017,43(3):454-463

以马铃薯品种合作88为材料,利用数字基因表达谱(DGE)技术,对–2℃低温胁迫处理后的马铃薯叶片c DNA文库进行差异基因表达谱分析。结果表明,有28 505个基因受低温胁迫诱导差异表达,其中上调表达基因13 703个,下调表达基因14 802个。GO功能显著性富集分析表明,DEGs主要涉及信号生物代谢过程、氧化还原过程、能量代谢、次生代谢过程以及催化活性。KEGG富集分析表明,上调表达基因主要富集于苯丙烷、光合作用天线蛋白、类胡萝卜素的生物合成、苯丙氨酸代谢及淀粉与蔗糖代谢途径,而下调表达基因主要富集于植物激素信号转导途径。利用实时荧光定量PCR(q RT-PCR)验证4个DEGs在低温胁迫条件下的差异表达,其结果与DGE分析结果基本一致,证实了DGE测序结果的可靠性。  相似文献   

低碳经济下绿色证券市场资源配置研究     

陈月生 《台湾农业探索》2011,(3):55-59

随着经济高速发展,高耗能、高污染的问题日益严重,通过绿色证券资源配置可以达到低碳、环保的目的。该文分析了绿色证券市场的资源配置模式,并对中国绿色证券市场的现状进行了分析;最后从上市条件、制度和立法等方面对提高绿色证券市场资源配置效率提出了具体的对策。  相似文献   

Phosphorus availability and farm structural factors: examining scarcity and oversupply in north‐east Germany          下载免费PDF全文

T. F. H. Theobald  K. Daedlow  J. Kern 《Soil Use and Management》2015,31(3):350-357

Assessing factors influencing phosphorus (P) availability in soils is important in preventing its overexploitation and excessive application in agricultural systems. Despite high historical P applications in the federal state of Brandenburg (Germany), county data on soil test P (STP) reveal considerable disparities in soil available P. In addition, negative soil balances as a result of small mineral P and manure inputs have been observed, raising questions about the factors leading to this situation. Our work focused on identifying possible causes operating at the farm management level by conducting a letter survey in two administrative districts of Brandenburg, the counties Barnim and Uckermark, linking farm management factors (ownership type, farm size, land tenure, animal husbandry with or without grassland and its intensity, presence of a biogas plant and organic production) to farmers’ self‐indicated levels of STP. Small‐ to medium‐sized individual farms tended to have (very) high STP, while large partnership farms and companies/cooperatives were sensitive to factors resulting in low STP. Farms with low shares of land ownership, the presence of grassland, extensive cattle farming and stockless organic farming had lower STP. On the other hand, biogas plants, partly in combination with intensive livestock (cattle) farming, were associated with larger STP. It was concluded that more care should be devoted to the design of agricultural policies and that further (inter‐ and transdisciplinary) research on this topic is needed.  相似文献   

防雷型熔断器新产品开发可行性的讨论     

孙文龙  黄灏 《农技服务》2014,(1):86-86

本文主要对低压配电系统SPD的过电流保护装置进行了讨论,并阐述了新型防雷型熔断器的设计思路和自有独创性。  相似文献   

Evaluation of Dynamic Structural Disorders in the Upper Airways and Applied Rein Tension in Healthy Dressage Horses During Riding in Different Gaits and Head–Neck Positions     

《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2020

Flexion of the horse’s head and neck during dressage riding reduces the pharyngeal lumen with the risk of increased upper airway resistance and upper airway obstructions. According to the Fédération Equestre Internationale, hyperflexion is achieved through force, whereas the position low–deep–round is nonforced. The objectives of this study were to evaluate (1) applied rein tension and (2) dynamic structural disorders in the upper airways in dressage horses in different gaits and different head–neck positions (HNPs). Overground endoscopy (OGE) and rein tension were evaluated in 13 clinically healthy and high-performance Warmblood dressage horses while being ridden in a standardized program comprised of four different gaits (halt, walk, trot, and canter) and in four HNPs (unrestrained, competition frame, hyperflexion, and low–deep–round). All included horses were able to achieve the desired HNPs. The HNP low–deep–round showed significantly lower rein tension than competition frame (P < .001) and hyperflexion (P < .001). An association was found between dynamic structural disorders in the upper airway tract evaluated by OGE and head–neck flexion, but this association was not linked to the degree of flexion. The HNP hyperflexion was neither associated with greater rein tension nor severe dynamic structural disorders than the HNP competition frame. This study confirms that low–deep–round is a nonforced position, in contrast to hyperflexion. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether dynamic structural disorders are a result of flexion or if the degree of flexion has an impact.  相似文献   

Dynamic change of mineral nutrient content in different plant organs during the grain filling stage in maize grown under contrasting nitrogen supply     

《European Journal of Agronomy》2016

The introduction of new hybrids and integrated crop-soil management has been causing maize grain yield to increase. However, less attention has been paid on the nutrient concentration of the grain; this aspect is of great importance to supplying calories and nutrients in the diets of both humans and animals worldwide. Increasing the retranslocation of nutrients from vegetative organs to grain can effectively increase the nutrient concentration of grain and general nutrient use efficiency. The present study involved monitoring the dynamic change of macro- and micronutrients in different organs of maize during the grain filling stage. In addition, the mobility of different elements and their contribution to grain nutrient content were evaluated in a 2-year experiment under low (LN, no N supplied) and high N (HN, 180 kg N ha⁻¹) supply. Under HN supply, the net remobilization efficiency (RE) of the vegetative organs as a whole (calculated as nutrient remobilization amount divided by nutrient content at silking) of N, P, K, Mn, and Zn were 44%, 60%, 13%, 15%, and 25%, respectively. The other nutrients (Mg, Ca, Fe, Cu, and B) showed a net accumulation in the vegetative organs as a whole during the grain filling stage. Among the different organs, N, P, and Zn were remobilized more from the leaves (RE of 44%, 51% and 43%, respectively) and the stalks (including leaf sheaths and tassels) (RE of 48%, 71% and 43%, respectively). K was mainly remobilized from the leaves with RE of 51%. Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, and Cu were mostly remobilized from the stalks with the RE of 23%, 9%, 10%, 42%, and 28%, respectively. However, most of the remobilized Mg, Ca, Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn were translocated to the husk and cob, which seemingly served as the buffer sink for these nutrients. The REs of all the nutrients except for P, K, and Zn were vulnerable to variations in conditions annually and were reduced when the grain yield and harvest index were lower in 2014 compared with 2013. Under LN stress, the RE was reduced in P and Zn in 2013, increased in Cu and unchanged in other nutrients. The concentration of these nutrients in the grain was either unchanged (P, K, Ca, Zn, and B) or decreased (N, Mg, Fe, Mn, and Cu). It is concluded that grain N, P, K, Mn, and Zn, but not Mg, Ca, Fe, Cu, and B concentration, can be improved by increasing their remobilization from vegetative organs. However, enhancing the senescence of maize plant via LN stress seems unable to increase grain mineral nutrient concentration. Genetic improvement aiming to increase nutrient remobilization should take into account the organ-specific remobilization pattern of the target nutrient.  相似文献   

不同施磷水平对橡胶幼苗光合与生理代谢的影响     

贺军军  姚艳丽  林清火  罗萍  林钊沐 《热带作物学报》2016,36(4):1-4

通过盆栽试验研究不同施磷水平对橡胶树幼苗叶片光合与代谢的影响，为橡胶幼龄胶园施肥量提供科学依据。以热研7-33-97嫁接苗为材料，设置5个施磷水平(不施磷为对照)对橡胶树幼苗叶片磷含量、光合作用和代谢特征的影响。结果发现：在土壤施磷水平为1 000 mg/kg时，可以保障橡胶幼苗的正常生长，同时增加光合速率和促进生理代谢；低浓度施磷水平(≤500 mg/kg)时，表现为施磷不足；高浓度施磷水平(≥2 000 mg/kg)对橡胶幼苗叶片光合和生理代谢造成抑制作用。  相似文献   

低碳背景下县域经济发展方式转变的对策研究     

李荣娟  黄承烈 《安徽农业科学》2014,(26):9132-9134,9137

加强节能减排,实现低碳发展,不仅是国家“十二五”规划纲要所提出的约束性目标,更是促进经济提质增效升级的必经途径.目前,我国县域经济仍以“高投入、高消耗、高排放”为主要特征,转变经济发展方式已成为县级政府所面临的迫切任务.为此,必须依据低碳发展理念和《2014 ～2015年节能减排低碳发展行动方案》的具体要求,培育有利于经济发展方式转变的要素基础和制度基础,加快推进产业结构的优化和升级,深化经济管理体制改革,不断进行制度创新,实施有利于科技进步的政策,完善环境管理制度,实现县域经济又好又快发展.  相似文献   

Effects of organic matter addition on phosphorus availability to flooded and nonflooded rice in a P‐deficient tropical soil: a greenhouse study          下载免费PDF全文

T. Rakotoson  L. Six  M. P. Razafimanantsoa  L. Rabeharisoa  E. Smolders 《Soil Use and Management》2015,31(1):10-18

Addition of organic matter (OM) to flooded soils stimulates reductive dissolution of Fe(III) minerals, thereby mobilizing associated phosphate (P). Hence, OM management has the potential to overcome P deficiency. This study assessed if OM applications increases soil or mineral fertilizer P availability to rice under anaerobic (flooded) condition and if that effect is different relative to that in aerobic (nonflooded) soils. Rice was grown in P‐deficient soil treated with combinations of addition of mineral P (0, 26 mg P/kg), OM (0, ~9 g OM/kg as rice straw + cattle manure) and water treatments (flooded vs nonflooded) in a factorial pot experiment. The OM was either freshly added just before flooding or incubated moist in soil for 6 months prior to flooding; blanket N and K was added in all treatments. Fresh addition of OM promoted reductive dissolution of Fe(III) minerals in flooded soils, whereas no such effect was found when OM had been incubated for 6 months before flooding. Yield and shoot P uptake largely increased with mineral P addition in all soils, whereas OM addition increased yield and P uptake only in flooded soils following fresh OM addition. The combination of mineral P and OM gave the largest yield and P uptake. Addition of OM just prior to soil flooding increased P uptake but was insufficient to overcome P deficiency in the absence of mineral P. Larger applications of OM are unlikely to be more successful in flooded soils due to side effects, such as Fe toxicity.  相似文献   

低温胁迫对木薯腋芽部分生理指标的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

秦翠鲜  杨翠芳  郭元元  罗海斌  黄诚梅  李杨瑞 《热带作物学报》2011,32(5):911-914

以木薯品种南植199种茎为材料,以常温25℃为对照,研究在持续10℃与4℃低温胁迫以及卸除低温胁迫后木薯腋芽中丙二醛、可溶性淀粉、蛋白质、游离氨基酸含量以及保护酶活性等生理生化变化。结果表明:木薯腋芽中丙二醛含量随着处理时间延长逐渐增加,尤其对照均较之低温处理的高。在处理后120 h,低温处理与对照一样,其可溶性淀粉、可溶性蛋白质与游离氨基酸含量、POD总活性、SOD活性都有所下降。而在卸除低温处理后,低温处理的可溶性淀粉、蛋白质与游离氨基酸含量、POD总活性、SOD活性均升高,尤其是低温处理的可溶性蛋白质含量与POD总活性、SOD活性均比对照的高,达到极显著差异。表明适宜低温有利于木薯种茎的保存。  相似文献