Effects of Fermented Peanut Vine on Production Performance,Slaughter Performance,Serum Biochemical Indexes and Feces' Routine Ingredients in Muscovy Ducks     

LIU Zhenni  LEI Xiaowen  KONG Zhiwei  ZHONG Yunping  XIE Hualiang  TAN Donghai  WU Yijian 《中国畜牧兽医》2007,47(11):3493-3501

The aim of this study was to explore the nutritional value of fermented peanut vine and its effects on the production performance,slaughter performance,serum biochemical indexes and feces' routine ingredient in Muscovy ducks.The feasibility of fermented peanut vine that applied to grain-saving feeding in Muscovy ducks was also explored.Three hundred and sixty 15-day-old male Muscovy ducks were randomly divided into 4 groups,6 repetitions in each group,15 ducks each repetition.The ducks in control group were fed with basic diet,while in group Ⅰ were fed with 90% basic diet+10% fermented peanut vine,in group Ⅱ were fed with 85% basic diet+15% fermented peanut vine and in group Ⅲ were fed with 80% basic diet+20% fermented peanut vine.After 7 days pre-feeding period and 48 days feeding period,production performance,slaughter performance and organ indexes were then measured.Meanwhile,serum,muscle and fresh feces were collected for measurement of the levels of biochemical indexes and feces'routine ingredients.The results showed that:① Compared to unfermented peanut vine,CP and Ca levels of fermented peanut vine were elevated by 31.82% (P<0.01) and 97.40% (P<0.01) respectively,while CF,P and H₂O levels were decreased by 2.35% (P<0.05),20.69% (P<0.05) and 53.23% (P<0.01) respectively.Nutritional value of fermented peanut vine was clearly increased.② Compared to control group, F/G of group Ⅰ and Ⅱ were decreased by 6.51% (P<0.01) and 6.84% (P<0.01) respectively.The leg muscle rate of groupⅠ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were improved by 20.50% (P<0.05),25.55% (P<0.05) and 9.27% (P>0.05) respectively,and liver indexes were increased by 9.90% (P>0.05)、12.23% (P<0.05) and 3.18% (P>0.05) respectively,gizzard indexes were elevated by 17.70% (P<0.05),30.82%(P<0.05) and 36.66% (P<0.05) respectively,and glandular stomach indexes were increased by 1.37% (P>0.05),32.99% (P<0.05) and 36.43% (P<0.05) respectively.③ Fermented peanut vine could affect the levels of TP,ALB,GLB,A/G,ALT,AST,AST/ALT,UREA,UA and CRE in serum of Muscovy ducks.Compared to control group,N,P,K and H₂O levels in feces of ducks were decreased in the test groups.In conclusion,10% and 20% fermented peanut vine could markedly improve the production performance,reduce cost to gain ratio,and did not affect meat performance.But fermented peanut vine might affect the function of liver,kidney and immune in Muscovy ducks.  相似文献   

Isolation,Identification and Drug Resistance Analysis of Riemerella anatipestifer from Muscovy Duck     

XIAO Kun  CHEN Guang  ZHANG Jun  WEN Guilan  WEN Ming  CHENG Zhentao 《中国畜牧兽医》2007,47(12):4085-4092

In order to understand the drug resistance of Riemerella anatipestifer from Muscovy duck,this study carried out bacterial isolation and culture,Gram staining microscopy,pathogen detection,biochemical test,16S rRNA sequence analysis,PCR identification,drug sensitivity test and drug resistance gene detection for Muscovy duck suspected of Riemerella anatipestifer infection.The results of bacterial isolation showed that on the blood agar medium,the isolated bacteria grew creamy needle tip size colonies with smooth surface,neat edge,luster and translucency.The Gram-negative bacillus brevis was detected by Gram-negative staining microscopy,and it was named GZQN201907.In the biochemical test of GZQN201907,urea reaction was positive,but glucose,maltose,lactose and other biochemical reactions were negative.The 16S rRNA phylogenetic tree was in the same branch as Riemerella anatipestifer.And the OmpA gene of PCR identification results of the isolated strain were positive.The drug sensitivity test was sensitive to 18 antibiotics including cefuroxime,erythromycin and ceftazidime,moderately sensitive to carboxypicillin and ciprofloxacin,and sensitive to neomycin and cotrimoxazole.And the resistance genes could detect the β-lactam resistance genes VIM and TEM,tetracycline resistance genes tetB,macrolide resistance genes ermB and ermF.The results of drug sensitivity test and drug resistance gene detection indicated that GZQN201907 showed the same resistance phenotype and gene detection results for β-lactam,tetracycline and macrolide.In the animal regression test,all the ducklings inoculated with GZQN201907 died within 72 h,while the control group showed no symptoms,indicating that GZQN201907 was virulent to the ducklings.One strain of Riemerella anatipestifer from Muscovy duck was successfully isolated,which laid a foundation for the prevention and treatment of Riemerella anatipestifer from muscovich.  相似文献   

日粮锰水平对肉仔鸭生长性能生理指标的影响   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2  

王尚荣 《中国家禽》2006,28(18):17-18,21

用1日龄北京雏鸭120只分成6组,分别喂以含Mn20、50、100、150、300和2000mg/kg的玉米—豆粕型日粮30天,研究日粮Mn水平对肉仔鸭生长性能、生理指标的影响。结果显示鸭体增重在100mg/kg时达最大(P>0.05),到2000mg/kg时降至最低(P<0.05),采食量亦有类似趋势(P<0.05),但饲料报酬差异不显著(P>0.05);血浆葡萄糖浓度和碱性磷酸酶活性分别在300mg/kg和2000mg/kg时增至最大(P<0.01),血浆总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、总胆固醇浓度和血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性差异不显著(P>0.05);胸腺、法氏囊和脾脏重量及血清HI抗体滴度亦无显著变化(P>0.05);肝、胰和跖骨灰分Mn含量呈线性上升(P<0.05或P<0.01),其中以跖骨灰分Mn含量变化最明显。  相似文献   

黑羽番鸭LPL基因克隆及在肌肉发育中的表达规律     

王丽华  段修军  董飚  孙国波  卞友庆 《安徽农业大学学报》2014,41(3):385

脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)是水解甘油三酯的关键性酶,可以为细胞提供游离的甘油三酯,并作用于脂蛋白循环,与机体的脂质代谢有密切关系。本研究利用同源克隆策略克隆黑羽番鸭LPL基因,并采用实时荧光定量PCR技术分析其在肌肉组织发育过程中mRNA表达规律。结果表明,黑羽番鸭LPL基因cDNA序列长度为1515 bp,包括了1485 bp的编码区,编码494个氨基酸。与禽类LPL基因核苷酸和氨基酸序列同源性均在90%以上,与人和哺乳动物同源性在70%~75%之间。实时荧光定量PCR检测结果显示,LPL基因在第2周龄胸肌中mRNA表达量较低,然后开始上升,达到最大值再出现下降并保持在一定水平上;公鸭腿肌表达规律和公鸭一致,但是母鸭腿肌表达量呈波浪状。  相似文献   

Quantitative transmission characteristics of different H5 low pathogenic avian influenza viruses in Muscovy ducks     

Éric Niqueux  Jean-Paul Picault  Michel Amelot  Chantal Allée  Josiane Lamandé  Carole Guillemoto  Isabelle Pierre  Pascale Massin  Guillaume Blot  François-Xavier Briand  Nicolas Rose  Véronique Jestin 《Veterinary microbiology》2014

EU annual serosurveillance programs show that domestic duck flocks have the highest seroprevalence of H5 antibodies, demonstrating the circulation of notifiable avian influenza virus (AIV) according to OIE, likely low pathogenic (LP). Therefore, transmission characteristics of LPAIV within these flocks can help to understand virus circulation and possible risk of propagation. This study aimed at estimating transmission parameters of four H5 LPAIV (three field strains from French poultry and decoy ducks, and one clonal reverse-genetics strain derived from one of the former), using a SIR model to analyze data from experimental infections in SPF Muscovy ducks. The design was set up to accommodate rearing on wood shavings with a low density of 1.6 ducks/m²: 10 inoculated ducks were housed together with 15 contact-exposed ducks. Infection was monitored by RNA detection on oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs using real-time RT-PCR with a cutoff corresponding to 2–7 EID50. Depending on the strain, the basic reproduction number (R₀) varied from 5.5 to 42.7, confirming LPAIV could easily be transmitted to susceptible Muscovy ducks. The lowest R₀ estimate was obtained for a H5N3 field strain, due to lower values of transmission rate and duration of infectious period, whereas reverse-genetics derived H5N1 strain had the highest R₀. Frequency and intensity of clinical signs were also variable between strains, but apparently not associated with longer infectious periods. Further comparisons of quantitative transmission parameters may help to identify relevant viral genetic markers for early detection of potentially more virulent strains during surveillance of LPAIV.  相似文献   

Lysine, Methionine and Tryptophan Requirements of Beijing Ducklings of 0 - 2 Weeks of Age     

Yong-sheng WANG Ph D  Shui-sheng HOU Ph D  Professor  Wei HUANG  Ling ZHAO  Hong-ping FAN  Ming XIE 《中国农业科学(英文版)》2006,5(3):228-233

  相似文献   

Effect of semen extenders and storage time on quality of Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) drake semen during the entire reproductive season     

Ewa Łukaszewicz  Anna Jerysz  Bronisława Chełmońska 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(8):943-950

Avian semen dilution with appropriate extender allows to prolong the fertilizing ability of sperm stored in vitro. In the present study, the impact of extenders and time of storage on morphology of Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) drake semen were examined. Semen was collected twice a week, using male stimulation by a female method, from 12 adults (29 weeks old) drakes kept individually in cages, under controlled environmental conditions. Freshly collected, pooled ejaculates were divided into three part: neat undiluted sample, and diluted 1:1 with Schramm (SCH) or Watanabe (W) extender and stored at 4°C. Morphological examination of all samples was conducted after dilution and then, after 3 and 6 hr of storage. The storage of undiluted semen caused decrease (p ≤ .01) in live morphologically normal sperm, from 79.73% in the freshly collected ejaculates to 55.75% and to 12.12% after 3 and 6 hr of storage, respectively (average calculated for the entire reproductive season). In the semen diluted with Schramm's extender the adequate values attained 86.84, 79.65 and 61.66%, and using Watanabe extender 84.77, 83.58 and 75.25%, respectively. The period of semen storage and the type of extender caused significant (p ≤ 0,05; p ≤ 0,01) changes in sperm morphology. The longer period of storage contributed to the decrease in number of morphologically normal sperm, whereas their content in Watanabe extender after 3 and 6 hr of storage was higher (p ≤ .01) than in semen diluted in Schramm extender.  相似文献   

Reproductive season and male effect on quantitative and qualitative traits of individually collected Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) semen     

Ewa Łukaszewicz  Anna Jerysz  Artur Kowalczyk 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2020,55(12):1735-1746

Males of Muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) are mainly used for mule duck production via artificial insemination of females originated from wild mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos); therefore, the quantity and quality of drake semen play a crucial role. The assessment results of male reaction to sexual stimulation by dummy female and basic semen characteristic (ejaculate volume, sperm concentration and morphology) of 12 individually kept Muscovy drakes carried out during the entire reproductive season are described. The male and period of the reproductive season effect on scored semen traits are documented. In total, 792 individual semen collections and evaluations were performed. The average of positive reaction in the entire reproductive season varied from 90.6% in December and April to 50.0% in July, while for individual males, it varied between 97.1% and 29.0%. Throughout the season, the ejaculate volumes ranged from 0.05 to 2.45 ml, sperm concentration from 0.15 × 10⁹ ml⁻¹ to 4.44 × 10⁹ ml⁻¹, total number of live spermatozoa from 68.0% to 100% and live normal (properly formed, with any deformations) from 51.0% to 99.0%. Our study indicates the necessity of male breeders pre-selection before the onset of the reproductive season, and the need to leave an appropriate number of males to ensure adequate amount of semen for female insemination, especially when using Muscovy drakes (Cairina moschata) for interspecies crossing with Anas platyrhynchos ducks.  相似文献   

新型番鸭细小病毒的发现及其感染的临床表现     

黄瑜  万春和  傅秋玲  陈红梅  傅光华  陈翠腾  程龙飞  程小兵  施少华  林建生 《福建农业学报》2015,(5)

2008年下半年以来,福建省、浙江省、安徽省及江苏省等地部分鸭场或养鸭户的雏半番鸭和台湾白鸭出现低病死率,约于40日龄起脚易断、上喙变短占近30%,至出栏时残次鸭达60%;免疫接种了雏番鸭细小病毒弱毒活疫苗的雏番鸭依然发生类雏番鸭"三周病",除出现死亡外,幸存鸭的番鸭翅脚易断、上喙变短,83%感染鸭成为僵鸭,对我国养鸭业造成了较大的直接经济损失。经病原学检测、病毒分离鉴定和实验室感染试验,发现其病原为与原经典的雏番鸭细小病毒(MDPV)在基因组上、感染宿主范围和致病性存在较大差异的番鸭细小病毒,鉴于此,将之暂定名为新型番鸭细小病毒(NMDPV)。  相似文献   

中药对黄曲霉毒素B1中毒雏鸭血清抗氧化功能的影响     

石达友  廖申权  李鹏飞  刘念  郭铭生  郭世宁  唐兆新 《中国兽医杂志》2011,47(8)

为观察黄曲霉毒素B1(aflatoxin B1,AFTB1)对试验雏鸭血清抗氧化功能的影响及复方中药对AFTB1的颉颃效应.本试验以雏鸭为试验动物,7日龄雏鸭90只,共分为3组,每组各30只.第Ⅰ组设为空白对照组,灌胃同等量二甲基亚砜;第Ⅱ、Ⅲ组为试验组.每天分别按0.1 mg/kg剂量给第Ⅱ、Ⅲ组雏鸭灌胃AFTB1一次,连续投药21 d,试验期间给第Ⅲ组雏鸭日粮中添加2％复方中药.分别在给雏鸭投药后7、14、21 d,检测雏鸭血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)及丙二醛(MDA)等抗氧化指标.试验结果显示,第Ⅱ、Ⅲ组雏鸭血清SOD、CAT、GSH-Px及GR活性与T-AOC均显著低于第Ⅰ组(P＜0.05),而MDA显著高于第Ⅰ组(P＜0.05);与第Ⅱ组相比,在日粮中添加复方中药的第Ⅲ组雏鸭血清抗氧化指标均得到明显的改善(P＜0.05).结果表明,黄曲霉毒素B1导致雏鸭血清抗氧化功能发生显著的变化,而复方中药能明显改善其变化.  相似文献