Identification of ommastrephid squid paralarvae collected in northern Hawaiian waters and phylogenetic implications for the family Ommastrephidae using mtDNA analysis     

Toshie Wakabayashi  Nobuaki Suzuki  Mitsuo Sakai  Taro Ichii  Seinen Chow 《Fisheries Science》2006,72(3):494-502

ABSTRACT:   A total of 110 adult individuals from four ommastrephid (family Ommastrephidae) squid species ( Ommastrephes bartramii, Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis, Eucleoteuthis luminosa, and Hyaloteuthis pelagica ) were used to obtain diagnostic DNA markers for species identification. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of a partial segment (855 bp) of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) revealed that the restriction profiles of two endonucleases ( Alu  I and Tsp 509 I) were diagnostic for species identification. The restriction assay partially supplemented with nucleotide sequence analysis successfully assigned 69 damaged and morphologically equivocal ommastrephid paralarvae collected in northern Hawaiian waters, identifying 60 O. bartramii , eight S. oualaniensis , and one E. luminosa . The family Ommastrephidae appears to be monophyletic. Although the phylogenetic relationships among genera were not resolved well due to apparent homoplasy and large genetic divergence between species, COI sequence data without transitions provided support for subfamily level relationships.  相似文献   

山东地方猪种与引进猪种EDG4基因多态性分析     

李洁  邢晋祎  贾坤航  苗云峥  姚富强 《广东农业科学》2014,41(22):96-98

为了探讨内皮分化基因4(endothelial differentiation gene 4,EDG4)的生物学功能,利用PCR-RFLP技术研究EDG4基因外显子2在7个猪群中的多态性分布规律.结果表明,仅在鲁莱猪和大约克猪群体中检测到TT、TC和CC 3种基因型,在莱芜猪、里岔猪、沂蒙猪和杜洛克猪群体中检测到TC和CC 2种基因型,在长白猪只检测到CC1种基因型;在7个猪群体中C均为优势等位基因,CC为优势基因型.x2检验结果表明,基因型分布在里岔猪、莱芜猪、沂蒙猪、鲁莱猪、长白猪和杜洛克群均达到了哈代-温伯格平衡(P＞0.05);不同基因型在群体间的分布差异极显著.群体遗传特性结果表明,有效等位基因数在1.000～1.5127之间.7个猪种的多态信息含量(PIC)介于0.0000～0.2815之间,其中鲁莱猪PIC大于0.25,为中度多态;其余品种PIC值低于0.25,为低度多态.  相似文献   

铝胁迫对酸性红壤中真菌种群多样性的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

贺根和  王小东  刘强  吴吉春 《农业环境科学学报》2014,33(9):1736-1742

通过聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态(PCR-RFLP)技术构建了红壤真菌的内转录间隔区(Internal Transcribed Spacer,ITS)rDNAs文库,比较分析了红壤地区典型森林土和农田土真菌群落结构对铝胁迫的响应,构建了6个土壤样品的真菌ITS rDNAs文库。从这6个克隆文库中随机挑取克隆进行了PCR-RFLP指纹图谱分析,共获得77个独特的真菌操作分类单元(OperationalTaxanomicalUints,OTUs)。对77个OTUs的代表性克隆测序并利用Blast工具进行分析(相似性95%~100%)。研究结果表明森林土壤和农田土壤样品中真菌类群79.2%(61)属于子囊菌门(Ascomycota)、担子菌门(Basidiomycota)和球囊菌门(Glomeromycota),20.8%(16)属于未分类的簇(Unclassifiedfungi),其中担子菌门真菌在两种土壤中具有明显优势。物种多样性指数(Simpson、Shannon和Chao1)分析表明,铝胁迫降低了土壤真菌种群的多样性,农田土壤中真菌的种群多样性明显高于森林土壤。而且随着铝胁迫浓度的增加,担子菌门真菌在两种土壤中丰度明显下降,子囊菌门真菌的丰度显著上升,在高铝处理浓度处理的土壤中演变为优势种群。  相似文献   

奶山羊CSN1S3基因多态性与经济性状的关联分析     

乐祥鹏  邓婵娟  蓝贤勇  陈宏  雷初朝 《中国草食动物》2010,(Z1)

利用PCR-SSCP和PCR-RFLP技术对708只西农萨能(268)和关中奶山羊群体(440)的CSN1S2基因的多态性及其与经济性状的相关性进行了研究.结果表明.在西农萨能和关中奶山羊群体中,仅发现CSN1S3基因存在A和F等位基因,其频率分别为0.79/0.21和0.74/0.26.关联分析发现,F等位基因与奶山羊的体尺性状(体高、体长、胸围)和第1、2胎的产奶量无显著相关,F等位基因与乳中的脂肪含量和总乳固体含量成正相关(P＜0.05),而与其他的奶成分、pH值、乳密度无显著性相关.  相似文献   

Overcoming hybridization barriers between pea and some of its wild relatives     

S.J. Ochatt  A. Benabdelmouna  P. Marget  G. Aubert  F. Moussy  C. Pontécaille  L. Jacas 《Euphytica》2004,137(3):353-359

Pea would benefit from the plasticity and adaptability of its cross-incompatible relatives Pisum fulvum and Lathyrus sativus L., and we have tested reciprocal sexual crossings by manually cross-pollinating plants of genotypes of these three species. Studies of in situ germination of pollen grains on stigmata showed that pollen tubes were generally unable to germinate or could not reach the ovary. A few putative hybrid pods were nevertheless harvested, with one grain per pod germinated in vitro, then micropropagated for flow cytometry, isoenzyme, molecular (ribosomal ITS PCR-RFLP) and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) studies. One such grain was recovered from an inter-generic cross of P. sativum x L. sativus and four from an inter-specific P. sativum x P. fulvumcross. A strong cross-incompatibility was shown between pea and grass pea, where the putative hybrid turned out to be pea. Conversely, with the interspecific, P. sativum x P. fulvum cross, flow cytometry and isoenzymes with leaf tissues strongly suggested hybridity, while molecular approaches and GISH confirmed the production of inter-specific hybrids, and without the need for a wild type P. sativum accession as a bridging cross.  相似文献   

A molecular technique for selection of self-compatible varieties of Japanese pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai)     

Hoy-Taek Kim  Yutaka Hirata  Yong-Uk Shin  Hae-Sung Hwang  Jeong-Hwan Hwang  Il-Sheob Shin  Dae-Il Kim  Sang-Jo Kang  Hyun-Jung Kim  Dong-Young Shin  Ill-Sup Nou 《Euphytica》2004,138(1):73-80

The pear cultivar ‘Osa-Nijisseiki’ (S₂S^sm ₄; sm = stylar-part mutant) has been used as a parent to breed self-compatible cultivars that produce excellent fruits. However, determination of the self-compatibility of ‘Osa-Nijisseiki’ offspring requires a lot of time, 6 years or more, by conventional cross breeding. We have designed a rapid reliable method for the identification of self-compatible varieties of ‘Osa-Nijisseiki’ offspring based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) with S-allele specific restriction endonucleases. By using this method, 8 self-compatible varieties were selected among 16 selections resulting from a cross between the self-compatible cultivar ‘Osa-Nijisseiki’ (S₂S^sm ₄) and the self-incompatible cultivars ‘Niitaka’ (S₃S₉), ‘Whasan’ (S₃S₅), ‘Chuwhangbae’ (S₄S₆). The S-genotypes of 16 ‘Osa-Nijisseiki’ offsprings were also determined. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Chloroplast DNA variation in cultivated and wild Prunus avium L: a comparative study     

S. Panda    J. P. Martin    I. Aguinagalde  A. Mohanty 《Plant Breeding》2003,122(1):92-94

Chloroplast DNA variation in 96 Prunus avium L. cultivars was assessed and compared with the results of a previous study of cpDNA diversity in 23 wild populations of the species. The polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism method was used in these studies. Approximately 9% of the chloroplast genome was analyzed, using five universal primer pairs and three restriction enzymes. Ten polymorphic fragments were common to both the wild and sweet cherry; eight polymorphic fragments were found only in the wild cherry. In the cultivars, all mutations were small (5‐30 bp) indels. In the wild populations, a point mutation was also detected in addition to indels. The mutational combinations revealed three haplotypes in the cultivars, which are the main haplotypes in the wild cherry populations. Chloroplast DNA diversity in wild cherry is higher (16 haplotypes) than in sweet cherry cultivars (three haplotypes). The probable wild origin of the sweet cherry cultivars in the maternal line, on the basis of haplotypic similarity, was discussed.  相似文献   

猪UCP3基因多态性及其与脂肪沉积、肉质性状的相关分析     

任亮  朱宝芹  韩丹  张轶博  宋惠娟  曾瑞霞  苏玉虹 《农业生物技术学报》2006,14(5):652-656

在QTL定位的基础上选取猪解偶联蛋白3(UCP3)作为控制脂肪沉积性状和肉质性状的候选基因。对猪UCP3基因的部分编码区进行了测序，在395 bp处发现了1个cSNP位点。该cSNP位点发生G→A突变，并导致相应编码氨基酸由甘氨酸→精氨酸的改变。该位点可以被限制性内切酶SmaⅠ识别。利用PCR-RFLP方法，对186头大白×梅山F2资源家系进行UCP3片段SmaⅠ位点分析，发现AA、AB和BB三种基因型，其中A等位基因频率0.56，B 0.44。经统计分析发现，在该F2群体中，UCP3 SmaⅠ位点多态性与脂肪沉积性状中胸腰椎间膘厚、臀部膘厚显著相关；与肉质性状中的肌内脂肪、系水力和失水率显著相关。UCP3 SmaⅠ位点主要表现为加性效应，基因型AA降低膘厚，提高系水力和降低失水率，但同时也降低肌内脂肪含量。  相似文献   

Fast and efficient discrimination of the Isotoma viridis group (Insecta: Collembola) by PCR-RFLP     

Ulrich Burkhardt  Juliane Filser   《Pedobiologia》2004,48(5-6):435-443

Identification of collembolan species is generally based on specific morphological characters, such as chaetotaxy and pigmentation pattern. However, some specimens do not match to described characters because these refer to adult specimens, often of one specific sex, or the characters are highly variable in adults (e.g. pigmentation, setae or furcal teeth). Isozymes have frequently assisted species discrimination, and also these may vary with developmental stage or environmental conditions. For identification of single species of the Isotoma viridis group, we present both direct sequencing of the cytochrome oxidase subunit II (COII) gene and a simple DNA-based molecular method.

Five PCR primers amplifying the COII region (717 bp) of the mitochondrial DNA were used. The sequences clearly separated the species I. viridis, I. riparia and I. anglicana, irrespective of colour varieties within the first species. DNA amplification products of different species can also be distinguished by digestion with restriction endonucleases, followed by gel electrophoresis for separation of fragments. This restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), obtained after digestion with the endonucleases TaqI, VspI, MvaI and Bsp143I, revealed specific fragments that separated the three species from each other. Since restriction enzymes are sensitive to single base mutations, we suggest to use a combination of enzymes with at least two species-specific restriction sites when using the RFLP technique. For the I. viridis complex, VspI and Bsp143I appear to be an appropriate combination.  相似文献   

苏云金芽孢杆菌SHJ-5菌株杀虫晶体蛋白基因分析     

杜立新  董明  王容燕  马铭泽  王金耀  曹伟平  宋健  冯书亮 《华北农学报》2011,26(4):194-197

苏云金芽孢杆菌SHJ-5菌株是从黑龙江采集的土样中分离获得的新菌株,对其伴孢晶体形状、基因型、蛋白表达以及杀虫活性进行了系统研究.菌株SHJ-5产生的伴孢晶体形状为钝菱形;利用PCR-RFLP技术对该菌株的基因型进行鉴定,结果表明,该菌株含有cry1Aa、cry1Ea、cry1Be、cry1Ah、cry1Ai、cry2...  相似文献