Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia     

Sissay MM  Uggla A  Waller PJ 《Tropical animal health and production》2007,39(7):521-531

Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.  相似文献   

圈养野生杂食动物肠道寄生虫感染情况调查     

张韬  陈小丽  唐耀  王璜  王宇翔  黄翠琴  王寿昆  邵良平 《福建畜牧兽医》2015,(2):15-17

为了解福州动物园杂食动物寄生虫感染情况,采集8种杂食动物粪样20份,经麦克马斯特漂浮法检验发现3种杂食动物感染寄生虫种类8种,分别是棕熊感染线虫、蛔虫2种寄生虫;小熊猫感染贝蛔虫、类圆线虫和短膜壳绦虫3种寄生虫;豪猪感染蛲虫、鞭虫和球虫3种寄生虫。杂食动物寄生虫总感染率为37.5%(3/8),感染强度最高者为小熊猫贝蛔虫卵,高达12 210个/g。福州动物园杂食动物大多成群饲养,感染寄生虫的动物多属于寄生虫混合感染,驱虫工作难度大。  相似文献   

国产阿维菌素驱杀绵羊内外寄生虫试验   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

马占全  李动 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》1999,29(5):26-27

在隔离饲养的条件下,０２ｍｇ／ｋｇ 、０３ｍｇ／ｋｇ 国产阿维菌素片剂和０２ ｍｇ／ｋｇ 气雾剂对绵羊颚虱、绵羊足颚虱、消化道线虫和丝状网尾线虫的驱杀效果均达１００ ％ ;对绵羊虱蝇杀灭率分别为９０６４ ％ 、９４９９ ％ 和８７７１ ％ ;对草原革蜱的杀灭率分别为７４４２ ％ 、８４９１ ％ 和７６３２ ％ ;原园科线虫减少率分别达８３１７ ％ 、９０７６ ％ 、８５６６ ％ 。因此,在放牧条件下,推广使用阿维菌素片剂是防治内外寄生虫病的一种有效手段。  相似文献   

大通种牛场绵羊胃肠寄生虫调查   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

宁鹏  康明 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》1999,29(3):28-29

１９９７年１１月对大通种牛场１２只绵羊（真胃、小肠和大肠的寄生虫作了调查,结果：发现线虫１９种,绦虫３种,单体荷虫数为６４８条,其中马氏马歇尔线虫,普通奥斯特线虫、布里亚特奥斯特线虫、吴兴奥斯特线虫、羊毛首线虫为优势虫种,感染率均为１００％。  相似文献   

两种鲤鱼对侵袭性病原体及嗜水气单胞菌抗病力的比较   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

卢彤岩  刘洪柏  李池陶  刘明华 《水产学杂志》2000,13(1):53-56

调查同塘饲养的高寒鲤,散鳞镜鲤当年鱼对侵袭性病原体及人工感染嗜水气单胞菌耐受力进行比较,侵袭性病原体检出8种,其中绦虫只有散鳞镜鲤感染,感染率达到29％,其余种类二种鲤鱼体表,鳃都有寄生,但寄生的程度有所不同,高寒鲤的抵抗力要比散鳞镜鲤强,对人工感染的嗜水气单胞菌的耐受力高寒鲤比散镜鲤高,这可能与品种对病原菌耐性不同有关。  相似文献   

若尔盖县牦牛及藏系绵羊寄生虫病调查     

叶勇刚  易军  李双年  廖党金  唐木克  王林保 《四川畜牧兽医》2012,39(5):23-24,27

本文通过剖检20头牦牛和镜检30份新鲜藏系绵羊粪便,对若尔盖县牛羊进行了寄生虫病调查。结果表明:感染牛羊的寄生虫主要为前后盘吸虫、鞭虫、仰口线虫、绦虫和牛蝇蛆,其中前后盘吸虫的危害最大。  相似文献   

Genetic aspects of sheep parasitic diseases     

Karlsson LJ  Greeff JC 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,189(1):104-112

There is evidence of genetically determined host resistance mechanisms for most of the sheep parasites evaluated. The mechanisms vary; from no or reduced establishment, early expulsion, to suppression of parasites resulting in reduced size and fecundity. There is a need to integrate breeding for parasite resistance with the genetic improvement of production traits in farm animals, aiming for optimum solutions for potentially conflicting responses. Sustainable parasite control must be based on Integrated Parasite Management utilising an interdisciplinary approach.  相似文献   

利用无人机近距离观察园林树木上的寄生植物     

杨萍  茅裕婷  王上上  孙思 《广东园林》2016,(5):84-87

高等寄生植物引起的病害是一类特殊的病害,特别是当寄主为高大的园林树木时,这类病害更加难以观察和理解。利用机动灵活的无人机近距离观察园林树木树冠上的两种寄生植物——桑寄生和槲寄生。结果表明,对于不同的寄主,桑寄生均生长在树冠的外层;一般老叶为绿色,嫩叶为红色。槲寄生生长在寄主南洋楹树冠的内层,但当南洋楹Falcataria moluccana的上层树冠枝叶枯死后,其位置变为树冠的外层;同时槲寄生的颜色也因为暴露在阳光直射之下由绿色转变为黄绿色。  相似文献   

Human land use and patterns of parasitism in tropical amphibian hosts     

Valerie J. McKenzie 《Biological conservation》2007,137(1):102-116

Landscape alterations by humans can change patterns of parasite transmission. Depending on the type alteration and the life histories of parasites and hosts, parasitism may increase or decrease. To investigate whether parasitism in tropical amphibians was associated with land use change, I studied three species of amphibians, Rana vaillanti, Eleutherodactylus fitzingeri, and Smilisca puma from the Province of Heredia, Costa Rica, in the Atlantic lowlands. Frogs were collected and examined for parasites during the rainy seasons of 2001-2003 from sites in forest or clear-cut cattle pastures. The abundances of five species of parasites and parasite species richness of R. vaillanti were significantly higher in pasture habitat. A single parasite species shared by E. fitzingeri and S. puma showed a trend of increased abundance in pasture habitats. Overall, the abundances of six parasite species (three trematodes, an intestinal nematode, an encysted nematode, and a filarial nematode) were higher in pastures, while two species (trematodes) were higher in forest. This study suggests that land use activities in tropical regions affects the abundance and richness of amphibian parasites. Converting forest to pasture may impact the abundance of amphibian parasites because subsequent water quality changes (e.g. eutrophication, higher pH) often enhance habitat and resources for intermediate hosts (e.g. snails, mosquitoes) involved in parasite life cycles. Aquatic amphibians (e.g. R. vaillanti) may be particularly prone to experiencing increases in parasitism in agricultural habitats due to the positive relationship between many aquatic intermediate hosts and water quality changes associated with agricultural land use.  相似文献   

五种寄生虫基因组研究进展     

张萍  刘光远  田占成  罗金  谢俊仁 《动物医学进展》2011,(8):74-79

对近年来疟原虫、血吸虫、锥虫、环形泰勒虫和小泰勒虫等几种寄生虫基因组研究进展进行了简单概述,包括基因组测序、遗传图谱和物理图谱的构建、测序后结果的分析及筛选的功能基因与虫体致病的关系,并对基因组测序结果的应用前景进行了展望.以期从基因组水平上了解这几种寄生虫的生物学特性,从而为发现一些与致病性相关的基因及研制相应的抗虫...  相似文献