我国珍贵毛皮动物(貂、狐、貉)饲料营养研究进展     

高秀华  吴学壮  张铁涛 《动物营养学报》2014,26(10)

毛皮动物养殖是一个独具特色、充满活力的新兴产业,已逐步成为农村经济一个十分活跃的新的增长点.毛皮动物饲料营养研究,不仅对促进动物健康、提高畜产品质量及保证人类健康和环境安全具有重要的学术价值,而且还对保护生物多样性、保存和开发利用动物资源具有重要的指导作用.本文主要就我国貂、狐和貉饲料资源开发利用、饲料添加剂应用技术及干粉饲料配制技术的研究现状进行总结,旨在为貂、狐、貉的高产高效养殖和饲料开发等研究提供基础资料.  相似文献   

Midazolam,as a co‐induction agent,has propofol sparing effects but also decreases systolic blood pressure in healthy dogs     

Amber Hopkins  Michelle Giuffrida  Maria Paula Larenza 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2014,41(1):64-72

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of the co-administration of midazolam on the dose requirement for propofol anesthesia induction, heart rate (HR), systolic arterial pressure (SAP) and the incidence of excitement.Study designProspective, randomized, controlled and blinded clinical study, with owner consent.AnimalsSeventeen healthy, client owned dogs weighing 28 ± 18 kg and aged 4.9 ± 3.9 years old.MethodsDogs were sedated with acepromazine 0.025 mg kg^?1 and morphine 0.25 mg kg^?1 intramuscularly (IM), 30 minutes prior to induction of anesthesia. Patients were randomly allocated to receive midazolam (MP; 0.2 mg kg^?1) or sterile normal saline (CP; 0.04 mL kg^?1) intravenously (IV) over 15 seconds. Propofol was administered IV immediately following test drug and delivered at 3 mg kg^?1 minute^?1 until intubation was possible. Scoring of pre-induction sedation, ease of intubation, quality of induction, and presence or absence of excitement following co-induction agent, was recorded. HR, SAP and respiratory rate (f_R) were obtained immediately prior to, immediately following, and 5 minutes following induction of anesthesia.ResultsThere were no significant differences between groups with regard to weight, age, gender, or sedation. Excitement occurred in 5/9 dogs following midazolam administration, with none noted in the control group. The dose of propofol administered to the midazolam group was significantly less than in the control group. Differences in HR were not significant between groups. SAP was significantly lower in the midazolam group compared with baseline values 5 minutes after its administration. However, values remained clinically acceptable.Conclusions and clinical relevanceThe co-administration of midazolam with propofol decreased the total dose of propofol needed for induction of anesthesia in sedated healthy dogs, caused some excitement and a clinically unimportant decrease in SAP.  相似文献   

Serum neopterin levels in female dogs with malignant mammary tumours     

M. Szczubiał  R. Dąbrowski  W. Łopuszyński 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2014,12(2):143-148

In this study, we have determined serum neopterin levels in female dogs with primary malignant mammary tumours. The study involved 50 female dogs which had a malignant mammary tumours removed surgically (32 animals with carcinoma, 12 animals with sarcoma and 6 animals with carcinosarcoma) and 10 clinically healthy female dogs. Serum neopterin levels were determined using a commercial ELISA kit. The mean neopterin levels were lower in the malignant tumour groups than in healthy animals but differences were statistically significant only in carcinoma and sarcoma groups. The decrease of neopterin levels in animals with malignant mammary tumours may suggest their decreased cellular immunity. Moreover, it might indicate that decreased activity of cellular mechanisms of the anti‐neoplastic response is one of the factors associated with the development and course of malignant mammary tumours in female dogs; however, further studies are necessary.  相似文献   

Effect of owner experience,living environment,and dog characteristics on owner reports of behavior of Argentine Dogos in Italy     

《Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research》2014,9(4):151-157

Previous research reported contrasting results on the effect of owner experience on dog behaviors. This may be because of dog breed genetic variability, differences in expectations, management choices, and attitude toward their dogs by owners of dogs of different breeds. A study of a single breed may help provide a better insight into this issue. A convenience sample of 94 participants, owners of 181 Argentine Dogos, was recruited to provide information on their dogs' behaviors through a questionnaire. Participants were classified according to their previous general experience or inexperience with dogs and whether they had previously owned an Argentine Dogo (expert vs. naive owners). Reasons for getting a dog (companionship, guarding, hunting, breeding) and attendance at dog-training classes were also explored. Pearson chi-square tests and binary logistic regressions were used to analyze the data. Previous inexperience with dogs was associated with a higher prevalence of dogs that were fearful of children and unknown dogs. Naive Dogo owners perceived that their dogs were more obedient and friendly toward strangers but aggressive toward children, than those belonging to Argentine Dogo experts. It also appeared that living environment and the dog's age are critical predictors of many outcome variables. Kennel living was found to be predictive of car and food protection, owner-directed aggression and aggression toward children, whereas house living was associated with fear of loud noises. Changes related to the dogs' age were probably related to behavioral development in the dogs. Destructiveness, excessive body licking, and protective aggression were more common in younger dogs, whereas aggression to unknown dogs was more common in older ones. Protective aggression was more common in males, and fear of startling noises was more common in females. Intact dogs showed a higher probability of having attention-getting behavior, and neutered dogs were more fearful of traffic. Our findings are correlative. Even if causative links cannot be made, our findings certainly provide direction for further investigation.  相似文献   

Nonpharmaceutical Approaches to Pain Management     

Lisa Corti 《Topics in companion animal medicine》2014,29(1):24-28

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降低蛋白质水平对乌苏里貉冬毛生长期生产性能及毛皮品质的影响     

刘凤华  陆均光  刘佳花 《饲料博览》2014,(8):6-9

试验通过降低日粮的蛋白质水平,并在低蛋白质日粮中添加氨基酸来研究降低蛋白质日粮对冬毛期乌苏里貉生长性能及毛皮品质的影响。选用体重约为6 kg、健康状况良好的雄性乌苏里貉20只,随机分为两组,每组10只。试验采用单因子设计,对照组的蛋白质水平为24.05%,不添加氨基酸,试验组的蛋白质水平为22.03%,添加蛋氨酸0.5%、赖氨酸0.3%。结果表明,降低蛋白质水平试验组的末重、平均日增重、平均日采食量、料重比、血清尿素氮、白蛋白及各种反应毛皮品质的指标(体长、干皮长、干皮重、针毛长、绒毛长及针绒毛长度比)均表现为差异不显著(P0.05),试验组的蛋白质表观消化率显著高于对照组(P0.05),试验组的总蛋白质含量显著高于对照组(P0.05)。在冬毛期将蛋白质水平从24.15%降低到22.03%时对乌苏里貉的生长性能及毛皮品质并未产生影响。  相似文献   

Test protocol of an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies against bovine leukosis virus     

A. L. J. Gielkens  A. A. Ressang  J. IJzermann  J. Quak 《The Veterinary quarterly》2013,33(1):34-37

Summary

In this communication the test procedure is described for an indirect enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies against bovine leukosis virus (BLV). Test sera are incubated in polystyrene microtiter plates sensitized with a partly‐purified preparation of BLV. Bovine antibodies are detected with anti‐species immunoglobulin conjugated to the enzyme horseradish peroxidase, followed by the addition of the enzyme substrate.  相似文献   

APPEARANCE OF THE SACROILIAC JOINT IN VENTRODORSAL RADIOGRAPHS OF THE NORMAL CANINE PELVIS     

Iris  Knaus  Dr Med Vet  Sabine  Breit  Dr Med Vet  Wolfgang  Kunzel  Univ Prof Dr Med Vet 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2003,44(2):148-154

Radiology of the canine sacroiliac (SI) joint was investigated by obtaining ventrodorsal radiographs of cadaveric pelves and bone specimens (n = 40) marked with solder wire or radiopaque paint to demonstrate the orientation of the sacroiliac joint in various radiographic views. In the following retrospective radiographic study (n = 94 survey sacroiliac joint radiographs), central projections of the sacrum were noted to ease identification of the dorsal, middle and ventral joint components, whereas angled projections of the sacrum had advantages when assessing the cranial joint components. Radiographic assessment was already successful in juvenile dogs older than 5 months. Failure in tracing the outlines of the joint space of the sacroiliac joints is not consistent with alteration of the SI joint. Rather, it was felt that alterations would have assisted in identifying the contours of the SI joints because of an increase in mineralization.  相似文献   

Ⅱ型犬腺病毒自然弱毒YCA18株的实验免疫研究     

夏咸柱  范泉水  扈荣良  黄耕  邱薇 《中国兽药杂志》2001,35(2):1-4

应用YCA18株第8代细胞培养物（YCA18－8）经口鼻和静脉接种犬腺(CAV)SN本＜1：2的易感犬作安全试验，结果未见任何CAV临床症状与病理解剖学改变；用不同剂量的YCA18－8分组免疫CAV易感犬，经SN抗体测定与用CAV强毒攻击试验，结果SN抗体达1：16以上的犬95％以上可获得免疫保护，最低免疫量为10^4TCID50；应用YCA18－8分别免疫母源抗体达1：4和1：8的两组试验犬，第一次免疫14d后SN抗体均未有升高，追加2－3次免疫后SN抗体才逐渐上升至1：16以上的免疫保护水平；用CAV易感犬和MDCK分别将YCA18连续传8代和20代，结果对犬仍然安全，对犬的免疫原性未见下降，最低免疫量仍为10^4TCID50；与CDV和CPV弱毒作免疫互扰试验，结果与各弱毒的单独免疫结果未见差异；将YCA18－8冰冻保存于一30℃，6个月内TCID50仍不低于10^-4/0.1ml，经加明胶－蔗糖低温真空冻干后，4℃和－30℃保存1年，TCID50均仍维持在10^-4/0.1ml以上，经YCA18－20 3次免疫的试验犬，1年后SN抗体仍在最低抗体保护值1：16以上。  相似文献   

EFFECT OF METHYLCELLULOSE ON UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL QUALITY IN DOGS     

Joohyun  Jung  DVM  MS  Mincheol  Choi  DVM  PHD  Jinhwa  Chang  DVM  Sungjoon  Won  DVM  Woqjo  Chung  DVM  Hojung  Choi  DVM  MS  Kichang  Lee  DVM  MS  Junghee  Yoon  DVM  PHD  Hyunkwon  Ha  MD  PHD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2003,44(6):642-645

This study was performed to evaluate and optimize a small bowel contrast technique using barium and methylcellulose in dogs. Ten healthy dogs underwent both a conventional upper gastrointestinal study that used only barium and a modified study that used barium and methylcellulose. The control group received 10 mL/kg of 40% barium suspension. Experimental groups were divided into three subgroups given 15 mL/kg of different viscosities (low, moderate, and high viscosity) of 0.5% methylcellulose after 4 mL/kg of 40% barium suspension. Compared with the control group, dogs receiving methylcellulose had higher-quality upper gastrointestinal studies. Moderate viscosity of methylcellulose was superior to the other methylcellulose groups. In conclusion, the use of methylcellulose is a simple and effective method for improving the image quality in an upper GI examination.  相似文献