俄罗斯土壤学一瞥     

龚子同  张甘霖  李德成 《土壤》2008,40(6):1017-1020

简单介绍了俄罗斯土壤科学的现状和特点,并对其土壤学发展中的一些问题进行了探讨。  相似文献   

Nikolay I. Makkaveev and the development of Fluvial Geomorphology in Russia and the former Soviet Union     

Valentin Golosov  Alexey Sidorchuk  Des E. Walling 《CATENA》2008

2008 marks the centenary of the birth of Professor Nikolay Ivanovich Makkaveev (1908–1983), a former Professor in the Faculty of Geography at Moscow State University and the founder of the Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Fluvial Processes in the Faculty of Geography.  相似文献   

PaleoVertisols of the northwest Caucasus: (Micro)morphological,physical, chemical,and isotopic constraints on early to late Pleistocene climate     

Irina Kovda  Claudia I. Mora  Larry P. Wilding 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2008,171(4):498-508

Physical and chemical properties, macro‐ and micromorphology, clay mineralogy, and stable‐isotope compositions of paleosols within a pedostratigraphic column (PSC) of early to late Pleistocene age, interstratified paleosols, and loess (NW Caucasus, S Russia) were examined to better understand the evolution of the pedogenic environment over this time period, separating the effects of postpedogenic diagenesis. The column includes eight paleosols and six intercalated loessic horizons. Most of paleosols represent Vertisols or vertic intergrades. Vertic features increase in the middle of the PSC, where the paleosols are more clayey in texture and reddish in color. The morphology of carbonate nodules and soft masses, morphology‐ and depth(age)‐related changes in stable C and O isotope compositions, soil color, redoximorphic features, clay mineralogy, and illuviated clay indicate periods of wetter pedoenvironment in the past and suggest the Pleistocene paleosols are polygenetic and were formed with several wet/dry stages under a climate generally similar to the modern environment in the N Caucasus (mean annual temperature approx. 9°C–12°C). Interpretation of the time sequence of climate/environmental change requires careful separation of pedogenic mineral phases from phases altered by later diagenesis. The early Pleistocene period of paleosol formation appeared to be wetter or more humid, resulting in more significant development of vertic features. The terrestrial ecosystem remained dominated by C3 vegetation throughout the formation of the PSC, with four small periods of change towards a greater proportion of C4 plants or increased moisture stress.  相似文献   

Differences in forest management practices in Primorsky Krai: Case study of certified and non-certified by Forest Stewardship Council forest concessions     

Alexandra Sasha Nikolaeva  Maggi Kelly  Kevin L. O’Hara 《Journal of Sustainable Forestry》2019,38(5):471-485

The Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) aims to promote environmentally responsible forest management globally. However, quantifiable evidence of effects of FSC on forest management practices is lacking. FSC has been present in the Russian forestry arena for over 20 years. In this case study, we compare ecological indicators of forest management in FSC-certified and non-certified companies in Primorsky Krai of the Russian Far East. Those indicators include percent of forest cover loss and gain on forest concessions managed by three certified and three non-certified companies. We also interview a range of stakeholders involved with forest management or in forest policy planning in Russia to provide context for this case study. Results indicate no difference between certified and non-certified companies with regard to forest cover loss from 2008 to 2015 or forest cover gain from 2000 to 2012. Stakeholder interviews reveal that while forest certification is viewed positively and considered an efficient mechanism to improve forest management, the stakeholders doubt its ability to stimulate quantifiable changes in forest management practices in Russia and the Far East specifically. We focus on Primorsky Krai because of its unique geographic location, where its neighbors China and Japan significantly influence Primorsky Krai’s export market.  相似文献   

聚合草(俄罗斯饲料菜)饲养草鱼试验     

闫有利  高德  郑亘林 《水产科学》2000,19(5):10-12

在０．２ｈｍ＾２池塘中主养草鱼,混养鲢、鳙、鲤、鲫、放养数量比例（％）分别为３６：３４：１５：４：１１,共放草鱼９２８尾,平均规格１７５ｇ／尾,主要投喂聚合草（Ｓｙｍｐｈｙｔｕｍ ｐｅｒｅｇｒｉｎｕｍ;俗称俄罗斯饲料菜）,辅喂鲤鱼配合颗粒饲料。经５个月饲养,草鱼产量１４１６ｋｇ,出池规格１４９８ｇ／尾,成活率９６．６％。综合核算：总产值１１５５４．７０元,总支出７７６１．００元,总利润３７９３．７  相似文献   

Competition between Asian pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) and Alaskan sockeye salmon (O. nerka) in the North Pacific Ocean   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

G. T. Ruggerone  M. Zimmermann  K. W. Myers  J. L. Nielsen  D. E. Rogers 《Fisheries Oceanography》2003,12(3):209-219

The importance of interspecific competition as a mechanism regulating population abundance in offshore marine communities is largely unknown. We evaluated offshore competition between Asian pink salmon and Bristol Bay (Alaska) sockeye salmon, which intermingle in the North Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea, using the unique biennial abundance cycle of Asian pink salmon from 1955 to 2000. Sockeye salmon growth during the second and third growing seasons at sea, as determined by scale measurements, declined significantly in odd‐numbered years, corresponding to years when Asian pink salmon are most abundant. Bristol Bay sockeye salmon do not interact with Asian pink salmon during their first summer and fall seasons and no difference in first year scale growth was detected. The interaction with odd‐year pink salmon led to significantly smaller size at age of adult sockeye salmon, especially among younger female salmon. Examination of sockeye salmon smolt to adult survival rates during 1977–97 indicated that smolts entering the ocean during even‐numbered years and interacting with abundant odd‐year pink salmon during the following year experienced 26% (age‐2 smolt) to 45% (age‐1 smolt) lower survival compared with smolts migrating during odd‐numbered years. Adult sockeye salmon returning to Bristol Bay from even‐year smolt migrations were 22% less abundant (reduced by 5.9 million fish per year) compared with returns from odd‐year migrations. The greatest reduction in adult returns occurred among adults spending 2 compared with 3 years at sea. Our new evidence for interspecific competition highlights the need for multispecies, international management of salmon production, including salmon released from hatcheries into the ocean.  相似文献   

中国与俄罗斯、美国、日本原木检验标准比较研究     

何鸿宇  林晓丽  王林  饶运  孙瑾 《世界林业研究》2021,34(2):96-100

木材检验是木材贸易过程中的重要环节,木材检验标准或法规是评价木材材积和质量的重要依据.因采用不同木材检验的检测方法,各国在国际贸易中木材检验结果存在差异.文中对中国《原木检验》、俄罗斯《原木打号印、分类、运输、检量和验收方法》、美国《原木检尺和评等规则》和日本《原木等级和检尺规程》原木检验标准或法规进行比较,分析国内标...  相似文献   

佳木斯对俄蔬菜基地建设研究     

田立娟  王君毅 《现代农业科技》2009,(10):16-17

以同江市为例,调查蔬菜生产、储藏、经营等现状,分析佳木斯发展对俄蔬菜基地建设具有的优势和存在的问题,并提出对策建议。  相似文献   

发挥地缘优势 建立对俄果品出口生产基地     

刘延杰 《中国农业科技导报》2006,8(2):48-50

根据黑龙江省东南部地区水果产业发展的现状和问题,探讨建立对俄水果出口生产基地的可行性及优势,提出对俄水果出口生产基地的建设模式和保障措施。  相似文献   

俄罗斯林业生物安全现状及评价     

宿海颖  陈勇 《世界林业研究》2011,24(3):65-68

通过对俄罗斯林业生物安全法律法规与政策的分析, 从林业生物多样性、林业转基因、外来物种入侵等方面探讨林业生物安全的内涵, 并对俄罗斯林业生物安全现状进行评价, 提出我国制定相关政策可借鉴的经验。  相似文献