Age variations in the prevalence of sarcocystosis in sheep and goats from northern and central Jordan     

Mahmoud N. Abo-Shehada 《Preventive veterinary medicine》1996,27(3-4):135-140

Awassi sheep and mountain goats slaughtered in northern and central Jordan were examined for Sarcocystis cysts by post-mortem examination, trichinoscopy of muscle samples taken from esophagi and diaphragms and serologically by indirect hemagglutination (IHA) during the period June 1986–May 1988. Macrosarcocysts were found in 11.3% (70/620) of sheep and 11.7% (46/393) of goats aged over 1 year old. Microsarcocysts were found in 50.1% (1185/2693) of the sheep diaphragm samples and 56.4% (711/1261) of the same organs of goats. The prevalences were lower in the esophageal muscles (26.4%, 348 of 1319 and 25.1%, 97 of 386) than the diaphragmal muscles (29.0%, 383 of 1319 and 34.2%, 132 of 386) in the younger age groups (less than 7 months) of sheep and goats, respectively. The prevalences in both the esophagus and the diaphragm increased with age. The seroprevalences of anti-Sarcocystis antibodies in sheep and goats were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than the prevalence of Sarcocystis cysts detected by trichinoscopy. The seroprevalence of sarcocystosis increased with age in sheep and goats.  相似文献   

A PCR technique for the detection of Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus in the blood suitable for the screening of ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma in field conditions     

De Las Heras M  Ortín A  Salvatori D  Pérez de Villareal M  Cousens C  Miguel Ferrer L  Miguel Cebrián L  García de Jalón JA  Gonzalez L  Michael Sharp J 《Research in veterinary science》2005,79(3):201-264

Ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma (OPA) is a naturally occurring contagious lung neoplasia caused by jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV). Although no specific circulating antibodies against the virus can be detected in infected sheep, JSRV proviral DNA sequences can be found in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) in clinically affected and in a proportion of in contact animals. In this study, existing hemi-nested PCR procedure is compared with a new one-step PCR technique that was developed to minimise potential DNA contamination and reduce sample and reagent handling. Different blood preparations were assessed and the best results were achieved on DNA prepared from buffy coat. The sensitivity of this PCR was lower in JSRV infected sheep without lesions of OPA than in clinically affected sheep, which indicate that this PCR may not be not fully appropriate for screening of individual sheep, but rather to provide results at flock level. This PCR is the only currently available blood test for detection of JSRV infected sheep and may be useful in epidemiological studies and in control programmes of OPA.  相似文献   

营养菌剂对绵羊增重作用的初步研究     

纪金春  王宾来 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》1994,24(3):1-3

采用几株细菌，用活菌组成营养菌剂，给绵羊口眼后观察其绵羊的增重作用。试验结果初步表明，Ｉ号菌剂每周口服一次或每半月口服一次，可以增加绵羊体重，放牧绵羊枯草期服用可减少绵羊体重下降。在一年期间绵羊服用２６次菌剂，未发现副作用产生。  相似文献   

Seroprevalences for ovine enzootic abortion in Switzerland     

Borel N  Doherr MG  Vretou E  Psarrou E  Thoma R  Pospischil A 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2004,65(3-4):205-216

Our aim was to assess the seroprevalence of Chlamydophila (Cd) abortus (Chlamydia psittaci serotype 1), denoted ovine enzootic abortion (OEA), in the Swiss sheep population. A competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) was adapted for the investigation of pooled serum samples (pool approach) and receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) analysis was applied to define the cut-off of the pool approach. At a cut-off value of 30% inhibition, the flock-level pooled sensitivity and specificity were 92.9% and 97.6% when compared to classifying the flock based on individual-animal samples.

Subsequently, sera from 775 randomly selected flocks out of 11 cantons of Switzerland were investigated using the pool approach. The cantons included in the study represented 72% of the Swiss sheep flocks and 76% of Swiss sheep population. Antibodies against Cd. abortus were found in almost 19% (144) of the 775 examined sheep flocks. Test prevalences were adjusted for the imperfect test characteristics using the Rogan–Gladen estimator and Bayesian inference. Seroprevalence was highest (43%) in the canton Graubünden. In the remaining 10 cantons the seroprevalence ranged from 2 to 29%. The cELISA in combination with testing pooled sera and statistical methods for true prevalence estimation provided a good survey tool at lower costs and time when compared to other approaches.  相似文献   

A survey of antibodies to pestivirus in sheep in the Republic of Ireland     

O'Neill RG  O'Connor M  O'Reilly PJ 《Irish veterinary journal》2004,57(9):525-530

: Sera from 1,448 adult ewes in 91 flocks, representing all 26 counties in the Republic of Ireland, were examined for pestivirus antibodies using a commercially available ELISA which detected IgG1 antibody to border disease virus. Eighty-one sheep (5.6%) in 42 flocks (46.0%) were antibody-positive. Within infected flocks, the mean seroprevalence level was 11.4% with a range of 6.3% to 30.0%. The highest antibody prevalence was detected in sheep from central lowland counties of Ireland. Comparative neutralisation testing of 42 ELISA-positive sera detected geometric mean antibody titres of 136 to the NADL strain of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), 92 to the Moredun strain of border disease virus and 21 to the 137/4 strain of border disease virus. These results suggest that BVDV may be the major ruminant pestivirus infecting sheep in Ireland. Although there are high numbers of infected flocks, many sheep within such flocks remain antibody-negative and are at risk of giving birth to lambs with congenital border disease.  相似文献   

Green tea flavan-3-ols and oligomeric proanthocyanidins inhibit the motility of infective larvae of Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus colubriformis in vitro     

Molan AL  Sivakumaran S  Spencer PA  Meagher LP 《Research in veterinary science》2004,77(3):239-243

The effects of a hot water infusion and an aqueous acetone extract of green tea (Camellia sinensis) on the motility of infective larvae of the sheep nematodes Teladorsagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus colubriformis were investigated under in vitro conditions. The infusion and extract dose-dependently inactivated the infective larvae as assessed by the larval migration inhibition (LMI) assay. To determine the components responsible for the inhibitory activity, the hot water infusion and aqueous acetone extract of green tea were fractionated on Sephadex LH-20 and the green tea extract fractions (GTE-I-VIII) characterised by mass spectrometry. The larvae were exposed to increasing concentrations of these GTE fractions. Fractions containing epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and proanthocyanidin oligomers were most effective. GTE fractions were more effective against T. circumcincta than T. colubriformis larvae as assessed by the LMI assay.  相似文献   

The prevalence and economic significance of Fasciola gigantica and Stilesia hepatica in slaughtered animals in the semi-arid coastal Kenya     

Mungube EO  Bauni SM  Tenhagen BA  Wamae LW  Nginyi JM  Mugambi JM 《Tropical animal health and production》2006,38(6):475-483

Fasciola gigantica and Stilesia hepatica constrain ruminant productivity. The prevalence and economic losses caused by F. gigantica and S. hepatica in the ruminant production systems of Taveta division of Kenya were estimated in a retrospective appraisal of the slaughter records on the total number of animals slaughtered and livers condemned over the period 1989 to 2004. Only liver condemnations based on infestation by F. gigantica and S. hepatica were considered for purposes of this study. Liver condemnation rates differed significantly between bovines, caprines and ovines (p≤ 0.05) for F. gigantica (26%, 6.6% and 5.2%, respectively) and for S. hepatica (0.4%, 22% and 28%, respectively). The total loss through condemnation of both F. gigantica and S. hepatica infested livers was 4 408 272 KES (Kenyan shillings) (US$ 72 272). The proportion of loss in bovines, caprines and ovines, was 76%, 17% and 7%, respectively. Fasciolosis contributed 3 505 410 KES (79.5%) and S. hepatica infestation 903 210 KES (20.5%) to the total losses due to liver condemnations. The authors feel strongly that there is a need for more work on the two parasites using live animals to determine the prevalence in animals of various ages, species and breeds and the economics of disease control at farm level.  相似文献   

中国美利奴羊(新疆型)皮肤组织GAPDH基因实时荧光定量PCR方法的建立   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

田月珍  黄锡霞  狄江  田可川  吴伟伟  徐新明  哈尼克孜  付雪峰  张艳花  马依拉  艾买提 《新疆农业科学》2012,(10):1938-1943

【目的】建立GAPDH内参基因实时荧光定量PCR方法,为进一步研究中国美利奴羊(新疆型)相关基因的定量表达奠定基础。【方法】采用中国美利奴羊(新疆型)皮肤组织为试材,根据Genebank中绵羊GAPDH基因序列,设计并合成一对引物,建立基于SYBR Green I染料技术的Real-Time PCR检测体系,绘制出标准曲线并对其熔解曲线分析。【结果】以cDNA为模板建立的标准曲线循环阈值(Ct)与标准cDNA模板在一定浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,GAPDH基因标准曲线中模板拷贝数(X)与Ct值的关系为Ct=一3.679 51g/X+35.648,相关系数R=0.999 8;试验重复性好,批内和批间变异系数(CV%)分别为0.22%～3.45%和1.30%～4.89%。【结论】所建立的方法具有快速、线性范围广、重复性强等特点,GAPDH可作为内参基因用于绵羊相关基因的定量表达研究。  相似文献   

绵羊MSTN基因启动子区SNPs分析     

贺三刚  陈芯  刘晨曦  刘国松  刘明军 《华北农学报》2012,27(3):81-85

采用测序和PCR-RFLP的方法,分析了MSTN基因启动子区在7个品种绵羊中的单核苷酸多态性,结果表明:存在2个SNP位点(-959T/C,-784G/A),表现为6种基因型(TT、TC、CC、GG、GA、AA),在-959T/C位点中,国外肉用绵羊品种陶赛特、德国肉用美利奴及我区的巴士拜羊,TT为优势基因型,地方品种绵羊巴音布鲁克羊、多浪羊和阿勒泰羊在该位点中CC为优势基因型,经χ2检验,其群体的基因频率和基因型频率均处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态,群体遗传多态性分析表明,这6个绵羊品种中群体的多态信息含量(PIC)均处于0.25～0.50之间,为中度多态,特克赛尔羊在该位点未发生突变。在-784G/A位点中,除陶赛特与特克赛尔羊在该位点未发生突变,其他5个品种绵羊优势等位基因均为G等位基因。经χ2检验后,其群体的基因频率和基因型频率均处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态,群体遗传多态性分析表明,多浪羊、巴士拜羊和巴音布鲁克羊的群体多态信息含量(PIC)均处于0.25～0.50之间,为中度多态,而阿勒泰羊和德国肉用美利奴的群体多态信息含量(PIC)小于0.25,为低度多态。  相似文献   

牛羊粪高温堆肥腐熟过程研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

柯英  陈晓群 《宁夏农林科技》2012,53(6):63-65

对牛、羊粪高温堆制过程研究结果表明:全氮分别增加了5.11%、5.18%,全磷分别增加了10.79%、9.82%,全钾分别增加了142.11%、153.08%;堆肥完成时间一般以14 d为宜,超过则易造成硝态氮随水流失,肥效降低;该方法操作简单,成本低,易于推广。  相似文献