干旱半干旱地区人工牧草节水灌溉技术研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

戚春华  王乃康  茅也冰 《林业机械与木工设备》2003,31(9):6-8

对干旱半干旱地区人工牧草节水灌溉技术的研究状况进行了回顾和总结，并提出了今后西部干旱半干旱地区人工牧草节水灌溉技术研究的重点内容与方向。  相似文献   

Agronomic evaluation of eleven Leucaena lines at Tumbi, Tabora, western Tanzania     

M. Karachi  D. S. Shirima 《Agroforestry Systems》1996,35(2):155-163

Two trials were carried out over five growing seasons in western Tanzania to investigate (a) forage production and quality of eight lines of Leucaena leucocephala, one of L. diversifolia and one of L. esculenta and (b) the effect of cutting height (25, 50 and 75 cm) on forage production of nine lines of L. leucocephala and one of L. diversifolia. The locally naturalized lines, T1 and K1, were consistently better in yield, out-producing the commercial L. leucocephala cultivars Cunningham, Peru and K8 in three or four out of the five seasons' harvests. Mean daily dry matter yields for all lines decreased as the dry season progressed. Mean yields were 54.9, 28.6 and 12.8 kg/ha/day in the rainy season, late rainy season/early dry season and late dry season, respectively. The concentrations of N (2.3 to 3.1%), P (0.13 to 0.17%), K (0.7 to 1.3%), Ca (0.6 to 1.6%) and Mg (o.4 to 0.6%) in the edible forage declined as the dry season became pronounced but were at levels sufficient for animal production except for P levels, which were low. Three distinct yield groups emerged from responses to cutting height: cv. Cunningham produced the greatest yields of edible forage at 25 cm cutting height; cv. Peru, cv. K8, Korog, T1, CpI 90790 and CPI 58394 at 50 cm; and CPI 58398, CPI 84511 and CPI 85132 at 75 cm.  相似文献   

Influence of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) intercropping and polyethylene mulching on early growth of walnut (Juglans spp.) in central Italy     

P. Paris  F. Cannata  G. Olimpieri 《Agroforestry Systems》1995,31(2):169-180

Combined production of timber and forage species is considered to be a desirable land-use system to offset some of the current land management problems of Italy. This paper reports the early results of a study on intercropping young plants of walnut with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), with or without polyethylene mulching, in an experimental plantation in central Italy. Two genotypes of walnut were used:Juglans regia L. and the French hybrid NG23×RA. The seasonal changes of absolute and relative growth rates of walnut stem diameter and apical shoot length were investigated.During both growing seasons, alfalfa intercropping strongly decreased walnut growth, whereas polyethylene mulching promoted stem height and diameter growth. Stem growth of intercropped-and-mulched walnut was the same as that of sole walnut under clean cultivation management. The use of polyethylene mulching reduced or avoided the competitive effect of associated alfalfa on walnut growth. During both growing seasons, the intercropped-and-mulched walnut had higher relative growth rates than intercropped-unmulched walnut. The results show the effectiveness of polyethylene mulching in promoting early growth of walnut, even when intercropped with alfalfa during early stages of plantation establishment.  相似文献   

饲用小黑麦在海河平原区的生产性能及适应性评价   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

游永亮  李源  赵海明  谢楠  翟兰菊  刘贵波 《草原与草坪》2015,(3):32-38

在海河平原区对11个饲用小黑麦品种进行了生产性能比较试验以及旱作条件下适应性,试验得出:冀饲-1成熟早,生育期短,抽穗期比对照中新830提前6d,干草产量高,比对照中新830提高26.7%,能与春播作物形成一年两作,适于在海河平原区推广利用;冀饲-2在海河平原地区鲜干草产量均较高,分别比对照中新830增产4 854.3kg/hm2和777.0kg/hm2,属于高产品种,茎叶比低,叶量丰富是海河平原区主要品种推广种植。旱作条件下种植,饲用小黑麦株高比正常管理条件下降低64.6%~83.4%,分蘖数和成穗数分别减少60.0%~74.7%和85.3%~98.1%,鲜干草产量分别降低69.3%和70.2%,利用价值不大,只有在一定的灌溉和施肥条件下种植才能产生较好经济效益。  相似文献   

Estimation of above-ground biomass and carbon stock of an invasive woody shrub in the subtropical deciduous forests of Doon Valley,western Himalaya,India   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Gautam Mandal  S.P.Joshi 《林业研究》2015,26(2)

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多功能饲草揉丝机内物料-气流耦合运动特性分析     

裴刚  翟之平  兰月政  石苏川 《农业机械学报》2023,54(S2):156-163

多功能饲草揉丝机在实际应用中存在容易堵塞以及抛扔距离不满足使用要求等问题,这些问题均与机内物料-气流耦合运动特性有关。为了探究揉丝机内物料与气流耦合运动规律,采用计算流体力学(Computational fluid dynamics, CFD)以及离散元(Discrete element method, DEM)耦合方法,建立物料揉丝过程中气流与散碎物料耦合作用模型,并对物料与气流之间的耦合运动规律进行数值模拟,通过气流速度测试与物料抛扔距离试验验证耦合模型与数值计算的准确性。研究表明：出料口4个测点的气流速度仿真值与实测值相对误差均在8.1%以内;额定转速范围内3种转速下物料平均抛扔距离数值计算结果与实测值相对误差均小于5%,验证了物料-气流耦合模型与数值计算结果的准确性。饲草物料破碎后沿着揉碎室内壁面做环流运动,并沿着出料管远离进料口一侧被抛出机外。揉丝机稳定运转后室内颗粒运动的最大速度始终在某一平均速度上下波动,速度均值体现了物料颗粒在锤片打击力作用下获得动能的大小。颗粒物料获得动能越大,装置越不易堵塞,物料的平均抛扔距离越远。研究结果可为揉丝机内物料-气流耦合运动特性优化、避免...  相似文献   

青海东部农区6个 饲用玉米品种生产性能的比较     

刚永和 《现代农业科技》2022,(19)

摘要：为了筛选适合青海东部干旱地区高产饲用玉米品种,选用6个饲用玉米品种采用单因素随机排列,3次重复,进行了各品种间生产性能和种植效益比较研究。试验结果表明：豫青贮23株高达到288.62cm,显著高于其他试验品种（P＜0. 05);豫玉22号饲草平均产量达到13.57万kg/hm2,与豫青贮23和甘玉23饲草平均产量间差异不显著( P＞0. 05),与铁研53号、陇单6号和中原单32号差异显著（P＜0. 05);豫玉22号盈利达到1.6万元/hm2,较豫青贮23和甘玉23分别高16.79%和18.52%,较铁研53和中原单32号分别高33.33%和52.38%,较陇单6号高出105.13%。从综合表现来看豫玉22号、豫青贮23和甘玉23号三个饲用玉米品种在青海东部干旱地区具有高产性能和较高的经济效益,值得大力推广种植。  相似文献   

高寒牧区饲草作物生产性能及品质分析   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2  

李春喜  叶润蓉  周玉碧  孙菁  张法伟  彭立新 《甘肃农业大学学报》2014,(6)

针对高寒牧区饲草供应不足的现状,在青海省祁连县开展了玉米(Zeamays)、高粱(Sorghum bicolor)、燕麦(Aven sativa)和箭筈豌豆(Viciasativa)4种饲草作物种植,围绕其生产性能和品质进行了比较分析.结果表明:4种作物中以玉米覆盖地膜条件下鲜草和干草产量最高,分别达86 001和22 360kg/hm2,其中又以‘中玉9号’和‘金穗3号’表现突出.试验区内生产性能表现较差的为箭筈豌豆,其余两种作物生产性能居中.效益分析表明,玉米纯收入可达34 890元/hm2,其次为高粱、燕麦和箭筈豌豆.品质灰色关联度分析结果表明,箭筈豌豆品质最好,关联度系数为0.813 9.研究结果可为本地区饲草作物种植起到示范和指导作用.  相似文献   

不同精粗比饲粮中添加壳聚糖对体外瘤胃发酵甲烷产量和发酵特性的影响     

何玉鹏  郭艳丽  鞠九洲  秦士贞  郑琛 《动物营养学报》2014,(11):3433-3442

本试验旨在利用长期人工瘤胃系统——Rusitec系统研究不同精粗比饲粮中添加壳聚糖对体外瘤胃发酵甲烷产量和发酵特性的影响。采用2×2两因子试验设计,2个因子分别为饲粮精粗比[30∶70(低精料饲粮)和70∶30(高精料饲粮)]和是否添加壳聚糖(0和1 500 mg/罐),共构成4组,每组4个重复。结果表明:与低精料饲粮相比,高精料饲粮显著降低了甲烷产量,中性洗涤纤维和粗蛋白质的降解率,发酵液乙酸和丁酸含量、乙酸/丙酸、氨氮浓度(P<0.05),显著提高了总产气量和丙酸含量(P<0.05);添加壳聚糖显著降低了甲烷产量和总产气量、粗蛋白质的降解率、发酵液乙酸和丁酸含量、乙酸/丙酸、氨氮浓度(P<0.05),显著提高了丙酸含量(P<0.05);在甲烷产量和总产气量,粗蛋白质的降解率,0、6 h发酵液氨氮浓度,0、12 h发酵液乙酸/丙酸上,2个因子存在互作(P<0.05),高精料饲粮中添加壳聚糖对甲烷产量和总产气量、粗蛋白质降解率、发酵液氨氮浓度的降低幅度大于低精料饲粮,对总挥发性脂肪酸浓度和乙酸/丙酸的降低幅度小于低精料饲粮。以上结果表明,改变饲粮的精粗比和添加壳聚糖均能够改变瘤胃发酵模式,且二者之间存在互作,壳聚糖在精粗比为70∶30的饲粮中添加效果优于精粗比为30∶70的饲粮。  相似文献   

江西沟地区禾本科牧草引种试验     

拉毛切忠 《青海草业》2014,(1):7-8,42

经过对早熟禾属(poa L.)、披碱草属(Elymus L.)的九种禾本科牧草在江西沟地区的生长情况、青干草产量及籽实产量的试验观测,筛选出了适于江西沟地区种植的牧草种类。  相似文献