苗期不同营养液处理对草莓产量形成的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

谭学文 《华北农学报》1996,11(4):123-125

在ＤＦＴ栽培条件下，研究了草莓苗期不同营养液处理对定植后草莓产量形成的影响。试验结果表明，苗斯断肥处理能增加草莓前期产量和总产量，苗期营养液浓度１．０ｍＳ／ｃｍ较０．５ｍＳ／ｃｍ有利于草莓产量形成。试验结果还表明，不同草莓品种对苗期营养液具有相同的适应性，草莓品种春香宜作为水培草莓品种。  相似文献   

株型对玉米群体光合速率和产量的影响   总被引：44，自引：4，他引：44  

王庆成  牛玉贞 《作物学报》1996,22(2):223-227

在大田条件下，采用人工改变株型的方法，比较了原型（平展型）与改型（紧凑型）玉米不同密度的群体光合速率，结果表明，改型群体光合速率比原型平均提高１７．２％，籽粒产量增加５．３％￣８．６％。抽丝期群体光合速率和籽粒产量之间呈极显著的正相关（ｒ＝０．８６９２）。改型玉米群体内光合有效辐射、ＣＯ２浓度分布比原型相对的“均匀”，是群体光合速率较高的重要原因，认为玉米作物的优化群体结构为紧凑型玉米个体所组成的  相似文献   

多花黑麦草繁殖种与原种产量和品质的比较研究     

詹秋文  王爱民  刘明平  姚淮平  周学玉  王玉芝  杨献华 《种子》2005,24(7):12-14

本文采用随机区组试验设计,对多花黑麦草繁殖后种子与引进原种进行了产量和品质的比较研究.结果表明,繁殖种与原种No1和参照种Abundant在生育特性、鲜干草产量、营养品质和种子产量上均无显著差异.因此,多花黑麦草本地繁殖种子仍然保持了较好的产量和营养品质特性.  相似文献   

Resistance of wheat to Fusarium spp. in an in vitro seed germination assay and preliminary investigations into the relationship with Fusarium head blight resistance     

R. A. Browne  B. M. Cooke 《Euphytica》2005,141(1-2):23-32

Resistance of wheat cultivars from the UK, 2003 recommended list were evaluated against Fusarium culmorum, F. graminearum, Microdochium nivale var. majus and var. nivale, F. avenaceum and F. poae using a seed germination assay and related to previously published data on detached leaf assays, using M. nivale, and UK recommended list Fusarium head blight (FHB) resistance ratings. Significant cultivar differences were found after inoculation with all fungal species with the exception of F. poae where the decline in the percentage of seed germinating relative to the controls was small. Correlations of the percentage seed germinating inoculated with the remaining Fusarium spp. and M. nivale were high (r = 0.68; P < 0.01 to r = 0.94; P < 0.001). Overall, F. graminearum caused the greatest reduction with a mean seed germination of 61.7% relative to the controls followed by F. avenaceum (65.5%), M. nivale var. majus (67.2%), F. culmorum (76.6%), M. nivale var. nivale (89.2%) and was least for F. poae (92.5%). The resistance detected in the germination assay was significantly correlated to whole plant FHB resistance ratings (r_s = 0.45; P < 0.05) but was not correlated to partial disease resistance (PDR) components detected using the detached leaf assay, namely, incubation period, latent period and lesion length. The results suggest that while resistances detected in the seed germination and detached leaf assays may in part share a common genetic basis to FHB resistance, resistances detected in both in vitro assays are independent of each other. Resistances detected in the seed germination assay had a lower correlation with FHB resistance ratings against F. culmorum, than those detected by latent period in the detached leaf assay.  相似文献   

土壤不同营养状况与强筋小麦产量和品质的影响   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：3  

赵淑章  季书勤  王绍中  吕凤荣 《华北农学报》2004,19(4):81-83

试验研究了土壤不同营养状况对强筋小麦子粒产量和品质的影响。结果表明：在10个处理中,土壤长期施用N,P,K等主要营养元素且配合比为1：1：1(N120．0kg／hm^2,P2O5 120．0kg／hm^2,K2O 120．0kg／hm^2)时产量最高为5433．0kg／hm^2,不施肥(ck)产量最低为1260．0kg／hm^2;蛋白质含量以单施N素(N120．0kg／hm^2)时最高达17．00％,N、P元素配合比为1：1(N60．0kg／hm^2,P20560．0kg／hm^2)时蛋白质含量最低为10．53％;蛋白质产量以N、P配合比为3：1(N180．0kg／hm^2,P20560．0kg／hm^2)时最高为696．0kg／hm^2,以单施P素蛋白质产量最低为156．0kg／hm^2。  相似文献   

小麦高产经济施肥技术指标和参数     

李丙申  丁春国 《华北农学报》1992,7(4):68-72

通过1986～1990年间80多个田间小麦肥效试验,研究了石家庄地区小麦生产进入高产阶段后不同肥力土壤上小麦肥效曲线方程、高产经济施肥指标。结果表明,不同肥力麦田的小麦高产经济施肥指标为:高肥力麦田亩施N11.1～13.8kg,P_2O_510.7～13.9kg,中肥力麦田亩施N12.6～15.2kg,P_2O_59.8～12.1kg;低肥力麦田亩施N13.3～15.5kg,P_2O_59.1～11.7kg。还研究了小麦目标产量施肥法所需的三个施肥参数:(1)小麦百公斤产量养分吸收量,空白区平均为:N2.32kg,P_2O_51.05kg,K_2O2.72kg;施肥区平均为:N2.82kg,P_2_51.03kg,K_2O_3.15kg。(2)土壤速效磷和碱解氮的校正系数(C_P、C_N)分别为:C_P=0.41+4.01/P,C_N=0.28+0.035P。(3)氮、磷肥利用率(Z_N、Z_P)分别为:Z_N(％)=42.1-0.35P,Z_P(％)=27.6-1.20P(P为土壤速效磷含量)。  相似文献   

夏玉米高产群体生理动态质量指标的研究   总被引：28，自引：3，他引：28  

姚万山  宋连启  郭宏敏  张慎璞 《华北农学报》1999,14(4):55-59

利用杂交种掖单２２号，研究了夏玉米高产群体生理质量指标。结果表明，在适宜的叶面积指数范围内，延长灌浆期叶片的功能期，尤其是吐丝３０ｄ以后的绿叶面积时间，是高产的根本保证；在提高干物质积累量的基础上，努力增加花后、尤其是吐丝后１０～３０ｄ干物质积累量是实现高产的核心；最大伤流量与产量呈曲线关系，群体最大伤流量必须确保在适宜范围内。  相似文献   

Genetic improvement in wheat yield and associated traits. A re-examination of previous results and the latest trends   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

D. F. Calderini    M. F. Dreccer  G. A. Slafer 《Plant Breeding》1995,114(2):108-112

Two field experiments were carried out with seven wheat cultivars (three of them, including a commercial hybrid, released during the last 10 years) representing different eras of plant breeding, to evaluate genetic improvement over the last century in grain yield, height, biomass, harvest index and grain yield components. Plots were fertilized and irrigated, and lodging and diseases were prevented. Main culm height was negatively correlated with the year of release of the cultivars, probably as a consequence of selection for increased lodging resistance. There was no significant association between total above-ground biomass and year of release of the cultivars. On the other hand, grain yield increased as newer cultivars were released. Results indicate that during recent years harvest index has been kept as the main attribute responsible for increases in grain yield. In general, number of grains/m² was associated with increases in grain yield during the century. However, the newest cultivars showed an increased grain weight. In both growing seasons, cultivars released before 1980 showed a trend towards reduced grain weight, but cultivars released after 1987 had a similar number of grains per m² with a higher grain weight than their predecessors. This was probably because the most modern cultivars have a longer grain-filling duration with a similar length of growth cycle.  相似文献   

小麦单茎库源比值与产量关系的初步研究   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

于经川  刘兆晔  牟春生  姜鸿明  刘维正 《华北农学报》2002,17(4):26-29

利用10个小麦品种，对单茎库、源及其比值与产量的关系进行了初步研究。结果表明，库性状、源性状与子粒产量的相关性均未达到显著水平，小麦单茎库源比值与产量均呈正相关趋势。穗粒数／旗叶面积、穗粒重／旗叶面积与产量的表型和遗传正相关均达到极显著水平，对各产量构成因素均无明显不利影响，可作为小麦高产育种的重要筛选指标。  相似文献   

Differential reaction of wheat cultivars to hot environments   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

L. Shpiler  A. Blum 《Euphytica》1986,35(2):483-492

Summary Ten to 20 spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars of Israeli origin were grown in three winter (normal) and two summer (abnormal) growing seasons. During the period of emergence to anthesis mean daily temperature was on the average 12°C higher and photoperiod was about 3 h longer in the summer than in the winter. Data was collected on the durations of the periods from emergence to double-ridge (GS1), double ridge to anthesis (GS2) and anthesis to grain maturation (GS3), as well as on yield and yield components.The duration of all developmental stages was reduced by high temperature. While the duration of GS2 was the most thermo-sensitive, it may also have been reduced by the longer summer photoperiod. The effect of photoperiod on GS2 could not be isolated, but the results were interpreted to show that the effect of photoperiod on the duration of GS2 was relatively small.The most heat-affected yield component was number of grains per spikelet and the least affected component was the number of spikes per plant. High temperature reduced grain weight via reduced grain growth duration and not grain growth rate. A general linear regression model of yield on its components revealed that while variation for number of spikes per plant had the greatest effect on yield variation among cultivars in the winter, variation for number of grains per spikelet and spikelets per spike were by far the most important in the summer. Grain weight was the least important component, in this respect, in all seasons. Varieties which sustained the highest yield in hot environments were able to maintain the longest duration of GS2 and the highest number of grain per spike.  相似文献