3 TESLA MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF THE OCCIPITOATLANTOAXIAL REGION IN THE NORMAL HORSE     

Beatriz Gutiérrez‐Crespo  Patrick R. Kircher  Ines Carrera 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2014,55(3):278-285

The aim of this study was to describe the appearance of the ligamentous structures of the occipitoatlantoaxial (OAA) region in the normal horse by 3 tesla (3T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The MRI images of the longitudinal odontoid ligament, tectorial membrane, dorsal and ventral atlantoaxial ligaments, dorsal atlantooccipital membrane with its reinforcing ligaments, and the lateral atlantooccipital ligaments of 10 horse cadavers were evaluated. All ligaments and membranes were identified in all planes, except for the lateral atlantooccipital ligament in the sagittal plane due to its cranioventrolateral course. All were iso to mildly hypointense to musculature of the neck in T1W with the exception of the tectorial membrane that was moderately hypointense; moderately hypointense in PD‐SPIR, and markedly hypointense (isointense to cortical bone) in T2W. The PD‐SPIR was the best sequence to identify all ligaments and membranes from their cranial and caudal attachments. The longitudinal odontoid ligament, ventral atlantoaxial ligament, and reinforcing bands of the dorsal atlantooccipital membrane presented a characteristic striped heterogeneous signal behavior thought to be due to fibrocartilaginous content. The remaining ligaments and membranes showed homogeneous signal intensity. Special anatomical features in this species such as the fan‐shaped longitudinal odontoid ligament, absence of the transverse ligament and presence of the ventral atlantoaxial ligament were documented. Ligamentous structures that stabilize the equine OAA region were described with MRI in this study and these findings could serve as an anatomic reference for those cases where instability of this region is suspected.  相似文献   

动物解剖学多媒体技术和传统教学方法的实践应用     

董玉兰  陈耀星  王子旭  曹静  林德贵  王继凤  祖国红 《畜牧与饲料科学》2014,(5):61-63

动物解剖学作为传统的动物医学基础课,其内容较为枯燥单调,在长期的教学建设中,如何对动物解剖学的教学方法进行改革等问题,一直困扰着动物解剖教学工作者。中国农业大学动物医学院的教师们在动物解剖学教学过程中,将传统的教学方式和多媒体技术很好地结合起来,并进行了积极的探索与实践,取得了良好的教学效果。  相似文献   

无瓣海桑木材解剖特性及应用价值评价   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙瑾  王晓静  高振忠  林燕  彭友贵  徐正春 《华南农业大学学报》2014,35(2):86-89

【目的】通过对采自广东省雷州林业局红树植物无瓣海桑Sonneratia apetala木材解剖特征的研究,为无瓣海桑木材的识别提供依据,并通过对木材纤维形态的分析为其用做造纸材料提供参考.【方法】应用光学显微镜及扫描电子显微镜对生长在广东省雷州林业局的红树植物无瓣海桑木材解剖特征进行观察和研究.【结果和结论】无瓣海桑为散孔材.少数单管孔和复管孔组成;单穿孔;互列管间纹孔式,附物纹孔;导管与射线之间的纹孔式为大圆形,少数圆肾形.木纤维为韧型纤维.射线组织同形单列;射线细胞晶体丰富.轴向薄壁组织偶见,星散状.纤维形态数量特征表明无瓣海桑木材适合造纸,但因纤维较短,单独使用无法制造高撕裂强度纸张.  相似文献   

辣椒雄蕊雌化的形态解剖学特征     

江辉  李娅迪  陈业  沈文华  孙园园  关萍 《广东农业科学》2014,41(12):37-39

采用形态解剖和石蜡切片法,对雄蕊雌化辣椒花和果实发育过程进行观察。形态学观察结果表明,雌化 花芽较正常花芽肥大,雌化雄蕊可结实但非常小,位于正常辣椒果实果柄处。另外有部分雄蕊雌化和雄蕊全部雌化 两种突变体。显微切片结果显示,雌化雄蕊原基呈扁平叶状突起,后期发育成类似心皮的叶状体,边缘靠合或缝合形 成类似边缘胎座的子房。雄蕊在雌化过程中,形态上表现不同程度雌化,并且表现出一系列的中间过渡类型。另外雌 化“子房”内有“胚珠”,并且雌化雄蕊的“胚珠”与正常子房中的胚珠相似。  相似文献   

独立学院植物生产类专业植物形态解剖实验实践教改研究     

黄勇  何小力 《现代农业科技》2011,(10):18-19

对独立学院植物生产类专业的专业基础课植物形态解剖实验实践的教学目标、教学内容、教学方法、考核手段等方面进行了较深入的分析,从培养独立学院学生理论结合实践的能力、解决实际问题的能力等方面提出了教改的内容与实施措施,并在学生中初步实验验证,效果良好。  相似文献   

梨幼果表皮果点形成的组织解剖观察   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

俞宏  贾湘汴 《果树学报》2002,19(1):62-63

梨幼果期皮层细胞组织具有荧光物质,采用活组织切片和荧光显微观察的方法,研究了梨幼果表皮气孔转变为果点过程中,外部形态和内部细胞结构的变化,并根据皮孔细胞组织生长发育的特点,提出了栽培中减小果点形成的有效措施。  相似文献   

Path-Coefficient Analysis of Leaf-Anatomical Characters Affecting Frost Injury in Potato   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S. P. Tiwari  N. P. Sukumaran  C. L. Khushu 《Plant Breeding》1986,97(3):272-274

Correlation and path-coefficient analysis for leaf-anatomical characters affecting frost injury was carried out in twenty eight varieties and accessions belonging to several wild and cultivated tuber-bearing species of Solanum in order to identify selection criteria in breeding for frost resistance in potato Palisade thickness and palisade proportion showed a significant negative correlation with frost injury Path-coefficient analysis revealed that palisade thickness had the highest direct negative effect on frost injury whereas leaf thickness, not conforming to its behaviour as found in simple correlation analysis, emerged ax the next highest factor to have direct positive effect on frost injury. Direct and indirect effects of these factors on frost injury vis a vis their interdependence were found to be in support ot the ‘palisade thickness method’ for screening frost resistant genotypes in potato breeding programmes.  相似文献   

比克氏棉和司笃克氏棉色素腺体形态建成的组织结构观察   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

丁亮  祝水金  胡丹艳  季道藩 《棉花学报》2003,15(1):17-21

对具有子叶色素腺体延缓形成性状的比克氏棉和种子有色素腺体但低酚的司笃克氏棉的休眠种子、幼胚发育过程和种子萌发过程中的子叶进行连续切片观察。结果表明,比克氏棉的种仁中虽无肉眼可见的色素腺体,但具有色素腺体原,其色素腺体形态建成从开花后子叶形态建成后开始到种子萌发后12h才完成。司笃克氏棉在幼胚发育过程中,也出现色素腺体原的结构,但保持的时间较短,到种子成熟时,其种仁中的色素腺体原大多已发育成正常的色素腺体,且色素腺体空腔中含有某些有色物质,腔壁明显不同于比克氏棉或一般有色素腺体棉。司笃克氏棉的色素腺体性状为介于一般有色素腺体棉和具有子叶色素腺体延缓形成性状棉种的中间过渡类型,这种性状在低酚棉育种研究中具有重要的实践意义。  相似文献   

胡桃科各属的木材解剖     

谢福惠  牟继平 《广西农业生物科学》1995,(4)

胡桃科８属约５０种。我国有７属２７种。半环孔或环孔材,晚材管孔多作＂之＂字形排列;木材重量中等为主,心边材区别多不明显,纹理直,结构略细或粗。导管分子穿孔板单穿孔,个别属梯形穿孔偶见,管间纹孔式互列;轴向薄壁组织离管带状（简称离带）、环管;纤维管胞;射线组织多数异形,少数同形,射线与导管间纹孔式类似管间纹孔式。胡桃科木材经济价值颇大。  相似文献   

The combined effects of enhanced UV-B radiation and selenium on growth, chlorophyll fluorescence and ultrastructure in strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) and barley (Hordeum vulgare) treated in the field     

Elena Valkama  Minna Kivimenp  Helin Hartikainen  Anu Wulff 《Agricultural and Forest Meteorology》2003,120(1-4):267

The possible ameliorative effects of selenium (Se) addition to soil on the detrimental effects of enhanced UV-B radiation were tested on strawberry and barley during 4 months of field experiment in Kuopio, Central Finland. Control plants were exposed to ambient levels of UV radiation, using arrays of unenergized lamps. A control for UV-A radiation was also included in the experiment. Added Se, applied as H₂SeO₄, at the level of 0.1 mg kg⁻¹ soil (low dosage) and 1 mg kg⁻¹ soil (high dosage) increased Se concentrations in plants more than 10 and 100 times, respectively. After 4 months of exposure, strawberry and barley plants were harvested for biomass analysis. Chlorophyll fluorescence was measured using the Hansatech FMS2 fluorescence monitoring system. Leaf anatomy and ultrastructure were observed by light and transmission electron microscope. Several effects of UV and Se as well as their interaction were found, mostly for strawberry, but not for barley, indicating species-specific responses. Our results provided evidence that the high Se concentration in soil had no ameliorative effect but increased the sensitivity of strawberry to enhanced UV-B radiation in the field. Under ambient radiation, Se did not alter leaf growth of strawberry, whereas under UV-B radiation, the high Se addition significantly decreased leaf growth. Strawberry runner biomass was affected by the interaction of Se and UV. Under ambient radiation Se did not change dry weight of runners, but in combination with UV-A or UV-B radiation the high Se dosage decreased dry weight of runners by about 30%. Although the high Se concentration positively influenced on quantum efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) in strawberry leaves, it reduced runner biomass, leaf number and ratio of starch to chloroplast area. This suggests that the harmful effects of the high Se dosage on photosynthetic processes occurred as a result of changes in activity or/and biosynthesis of enzymes, rather than alteration of PSII. At the low concentration, Se effects were slight and variable.Although barley leaves accumulated higher Se concentrations than strawberry, there were no apparent changes in their growth, biomass or chlorophyll fluorescence due to Se effect either alone or in combination with UV-B. However, at the ultrastructural level, an enlargement in the peroxisome area was found due to combination of UV radiation with Se, suggesting the activation of antioxidative enzymes, possibly catalase. Decrease in mitochondrial density in barley cells in response to Se might be attributed to alteration of mitochondrial division. Increase in the proportion of cells with cytoplasmic lipid bodies due to combined effect of UV-B and Se indicated the alteration of lipid metabolism and the acceleration of cell senescence in barley. Main UV-B effects were found, mostly at the tissue and ultrastructural level in strawberry, but not in barley, indicating species-specific susceptibility to enhanced UV-B radiation. UV-B-treated strawberry plants developed marginally thinner leaves with reduced ratio of starch to chloroplast area in their cells, suggesting negative influence of UV-B on photosynthetic processes.  相似文献