Surgical management of equine recurrent uveitis with single port pars plana vitrectomy   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Frühauf B  Ohnesorge B  Deegen E  Boevé M 《Veterinary ophthalmology》1998,1(2-3):137-151

Current information suggests that equine recurrent uveitis (ERU) is an immune-mediated reaction to infectious agents or to autologous ophthalmic tissue. Recurrences are associated with progression of irreversible ocular damage. This report describes the intraoperative technique, complications, and long-term results of 38 eyes in 35 horses with ERU that underwent pars plana vitrectomy. The majority of the horses were warm-blooded. Recurrence of ERU was prevented in 35 of the 38 eyes. Some horses, especially in patients with incipient cataracts, developed vision loss in postoperative, quiescent eyes which was usually associated with cataract formation. Vision was stable in 85% of all eyes that underwent vitrectomy. Pars plana vitrectomy in horses appears successful in interrupting the cycle of repeated episodes of ERU, and the subsequent globe destruction in the majority of eyes. Removal of uveitis-induced 'immunologic memory' in the vitreous by vitrectomy may reduce adverse interaction between the vitreous and the uveal tract, and therefore reduce the recurrence of ERU.  相似文献   

Mycotic endophthalmitis in a dog caused by Candida albicans     

Linek J 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2004,7(3):159-162

A case of mycotic endophthalmitis in the dog caused by Candida albicans is presented. The 3-year-old dog had a history of bloody diarrhea 3 months previously. The dog presented with acute signs of unilateral panuveitis. Aqueocentesis, vitreocentesis, and routine blood tests were performed but did not contribute to the diagnosis. The posterior segment could not be visualized because of flare and fibrin. On day 7 ultrasonography showed retinal separation which progressed to vitreous compartmentalization and abscessation by day 14. Three weeks after onset, glaucoma developed and enucleation was performed. Histology revealed the yeast Candida to be the causative agent. Post-enucleation serum Candida antibody titer was 1 : 640 (human threshold 1 : 120), as determined by agglutination test. A relapse of enteric signs 3 months later led to the diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic enteritis. An hematogenous route of infection is suspected.  相似文献   

Effect of vaccination against leptospirosis on the frequency, days to recurrence and progression of disease in horses with equine recurrent uveitis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Rohrbach BW  Ward DA  Hendrix DV  Cawrse-Foss M  Moyers TD 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2005,8(3):171-179

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of vaccination against leptospirosis on frequency and days to recurrence of uveitis and progression of disease in horses with equine recurrent uveitis (ERU). ANIMALS: Forty-one horses with ERU. PROCEDURE: Horses were randomly assigned to experimental (vaccinated) or control groups. Vaccine containing six serovars of Leptospira or placebo was administered, an ophthalmic examination performed and blood samples drawn on days 0, 28, 180 and 365. Antibody titers were measured against each serovar. Recurrence of uveitis was verified by ophthalmic examination. Results of the initial and final ophthalmic examinations were compared and progression of disease defined as an increase in extent of synechiae, or development of new or progression of an existing cataract. RESULTS: Vaccination increased the average geometric mean serum antibody titer from 225 on day 0, to 4077 and 593 on days 28 and 180, respectively. After the second vaccination, days to first recurrence was significantly longer (median 126 days; range 24-231 days) when compared with controls (median 86 days; range 14-192 days, P=0.04). Recurrence of ERU was observed among 7/20 (35%) vaccinated horses and 12/21 (57%) controls; however, this difference was not statistically significant (P=0.061, OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.06, 1.07). More horses in the experimental group 13/20 (65%) experienced progression of disease when compared with controls 12/21(57%); however, this difference was statistically nonsignificant (P=0.35). CONCLUSIONS: Vaccine significantly increased days to recurrence, but failed to slow the progression of disease. These data do not support the use of vaccination against leptospirosis as adjunct therapy for the routine treatment of horses with ERU.  相似文献   

Ocular and multicentric lymphoma in a young racehorse     

Stephanie E. Germann  Marianne Richter  Colin C. Schwarzwald†  Julia Wimmershoff‡  Bernhard M. Spiess 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2008,11(S1):51-56

A 6-year-old thoroughbred gelding was presented with a history of blepharospasm and opacity in the OS of 1 weeks' duration. Ophthalmic examination findings were consistent with acute uveitis in the OS, and traditional treatment was initiated with systemic antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs, topical mydriatics, and corticosteroids. During the total treatment period of 4 weeks response to treatment was weak and the horse developed further problems such as cellulitis of the right hind limb with fever and eventually weight loss and dependent edema. Blood work was indicative of liver disease. Abdominal sonography revealed severe splenomegaly and slight hepatomegaly, and a liver biopsy confirmed malignant T-cell lymphoma. The horse was euthanized due to deteriorating general condition and subsequently underwent postmortem examination. Necropsy and histologic examination revealed a multicentric lymphoma with involvement of spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, and OU.
The findings in this case demonstrate that the differential diagnosis of intraocular and systemic lymphoma should be considered in any horse presenting with anterior uveitis, especially when uveitis is unresponsive to treatment and when additional systemic signs of illness such as lethargy, fever, weight loss, or dependent edema arise.
Cytological examination of aqueous humor may provide a rapid diagnosis of intraocular lymphoma in eyes with clinical uveitis.  相似文献   

Deep lamellar endothelial keratoplasty in 10 horses     

C. E. Plummer  M. E. Kallberg  F. J. Ollivier  K. P. Barrie  D. E. Brooks 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2008,11(S1):35-43

Objective  To describe and evaluate a surgical technique utilized for the therapy of deep corneal stromal abscesses (DSA) in horses. The DSA is excised and replaced with a partial thickness corneal lamellar allograft.
Methods  A retrospective clinical study describing the indications for the surgical technique utilized and the outcomes of this procedure in 10 eyes of 10 horses.
Results  Each affected eye had a discrete DSA within the posterior stroma. An initial partial thickness semicircular corneal incision was made at the limbus, followed by anterior stromal lamellar dissection over the lesion. After excision of the DSA and replacement with a larger diameter split-thickness donor button, the anterior stroma was replaced into its original position and the initial corneal incision was repaired. All of the animals that underwent deep lamellar endothelial keratoplasty (DLEK) procedure healed appropriately and with subjectively less postoperative scarring and complications than previously described surgical approaches to DSA.
Conclusions  This procedure is an effective technique for surgical removal of DSA in horses and, in most cases, results in a visual and cosmetically acceptable globe. The advantages of this technique compared to other surgical approaches to DSA are the peripheral location of the incision, shortened anesthesia times, the resultant minimal scarring and shorter healing times associated with DLEK.  相似文献   

Intraocular localization of Onchocerca lupi adult worm in a dog with anterior uveitis: A case report          下载免费PDF全文

Anastasia Th. Komnenou  Angelos L. N. Thomas  Elias Papadopoulos  Alex F. Koutinas 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2016,19(3):245-249

  相似文献   

Ocular lesions produced by pine processionary caterpillar setae (Thaumetopoea pityocampa) in dogs: a descriptive study          下载免费PDF全文

Daniel Costa  Javier Esteban  Fernando Sanz  Jorge Vergara  Eduardo Huguet 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2016,19(6):493-497

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大鼠膝关节前交叉韧带离断后关节软骨损伤的观察     

陈喜德  魏波  刘军  林颢 《湛江医学院学报》2014,(2):151-154

目的观察大鼠膝关节前交叉韧带离断术后关节软骨形态学变化。方法 56只SD大鼠随机分为7组,每组8例,前交叉韧带离断术后当天及术后2、4、8、12、16、20周处死大鼠,用Pelletier评分及HE染色观察膝关节软骨损2伤情况。结果 Pelletier评分显示软骨损伤随造模时间延长而加重（χ=45.861,P〈0.05）,二者呈线性相关（F=178.836,P〈0.05）;髁上部软骨损伤比下部明显（P=0.000）,而内髁与外髁软骨损伤差异无统计学意义（P=0.736）。HE染色发现造模后软骨面裂隙形成、软骨细胞排列紊乱、潮线部分破坏。结论前交叉韧带离断后关节软骨损伤随时间推移而加重,其中髁上部软骨损伤程度较重。  相似文献   

Role of Intraocular Leptospira Infections in the Pathogenesis of Equine Recurrent Uveitis in the Southern United States     

《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2014,34(11-12):1300-1306

Equine recurrent uveitis (ERU) has been linked to leptospirosis in Europe; however, regional differences exist in reports from the United States. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of intraocular leptospiral infections in horses with ERU in the Southern United States. Blood and ocular fluid samples were collected from horses with ERU and normal controls. Leptospira serology was performed using microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Aqueous and vitreous humor samples were obtained and submitted for aerobic and Leptospira culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and MAT. Twenty-one control horses (40 eyes) and 31 ERU horses (46 eyes) were available. Serology was available for 48 of 52 horses: 16 of 21 control and 23 of 27 affected horses were positive for at least one serovar; bratislava was the most common serovar identified. Bacillus sp. and Micrococcus sp. were cultured from one control horse's eye; Streptococcus sp. (n = 1) and Leptospira (n = 6) were cultured from the eyes of six ERU horses. Leptospira isolates belonged to serogroup pomona (n = 4) and grippotyphosa (n = 2). Polymerase chain reaction results were positive in 14 of 31 (45%) horses with ERU; no control horses were positive by PCR (P = .0001). Microscopic agglutination test was positive for 17 of 24 ERU horses (71%) and one 21 (4.7%) normal horses (P < .0001). Horses with ERU had a high prevalence of Leptospira infection based on PCR and MAT results from intraocular fluids compared with control horses. The diagnosis of intraocular infections was not aided by serology and required specific invasive sampling of ocular fluid. Leptospira infection should be considered as a cause of ERU in the Southern United States.  相似文献   

Acute Effects of Ivabradine on Dynamic Obstruction of the Left Ventricular Outflow Tract in Cats with Preclinical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy     

K.A. Blass  K.E. Schober  X. Li  B.A. Scansen  J.D. Bonagura 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2014,28(3):838-846

Background

Ivabradine is a negative chronotropic drug with minimal effects on central hemodynamics. Its effect on dynamic obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) remains unknown.

Hypothesis/Objectives

Ivabradine reduces dynamic obstruction of the LVOT in cats with HCM.

Animals

Twenty‐eight client‐owned cats with preclinical HCM and dynamic LVOT obstruction.

Methods

Randomized, double‐blind, active‐control single dose study. Cats received a single dose of either ivabradine (0.3 mg/kg PO) or atenolol (2 mg/kg PO). Heart rate, echocardiographic variables, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were recorded before and 3 hours after drug administration. Statistical comparisons were made using ANCOVA.

Results

Peak velocity in the LVOT was significantly decreased compared to baseline for both drugs; however, the effect was more prominent with atenolol (mean reduction 2.53 m/s; 95% CI 2.07–3.13 m/s) compared to ivabradine (mean reduction 0.32 m/s; 95% CI −0.04 to 0.71 m/s; P < .0001). Echocardiographic indices of systolic function were largely unchanged by ivabradine, but significantly reduced by atenolol.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

A single dose of ivabradine decreases dynamic LVOT obstruction in cats with HCM, but the clinical effect is negligible and inferior compared to that achieved by atenolol.  相似文献