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The relation between two species of bats, the pipistrelle (Pipistrellus pipistrellus (Schreber, 1774)) and the serotine (Eptesicus serotinus (Schreber, 1774)) and linear landscape elements such as hedgerows, tree lines and tree lanes was studied in an agricultural
area in The Netherlands. The pipistrelle was observed almost entirely close to landscape elements, while serotines more frequently
crossed fields and meadows. Serotine activity in these open areas was, however, negatively related to the distance to a landscape
element and to windspeed.
On a landscape scale the results indicate a more than proportional positive relation between the density of serotine bats
and the density of linear landscape elements, whereas this relation was only proportional in the case of the pipistrelle.
It is argued, that landscapes with a high density of linear elements have a surplus value for serotine bats.
Three possible functions of linear elements for bats (orientation clues, foraging habitat and shelter from wind and/or predators)
are discussed. Any of these may explain the results of this study. 相似文献
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对广州市蝙蝠的物种多样性进行了初步调查．实地观察到蝙蝠约1400只,采集到蝙蝠标本91只12种,访问记录3种,共计有蝙蝠15种,隶属9属4科,其中犬蝠Cynopterus sphinx和扁颅蝠Tylonycteris pachypus为中国濒危动物红皮书列入种类．调查结果显示,东洋型种类有12种,占80．0％,季风型（伏翼Pipistrellus abramus）、古北型（中华山蝠Nyctalus velutinus）和南中国型（灰伏翼Pipistrellus pulveratus）各1种,分别占蝙蝠种类的6．67％．广州市蝙蝠可分为4种栖息类型：菊头蝠属、蹄蝠属和棕果蝠Rousettus leschenaulti为洞穴型蝙蝠;犬蝠和扁颅蝠等为树栖型蝙蝠;中华山蝠和伏翼属等为房屋型蝙蝠;小黄蝠Scotophilus kuhlii为树栖与房屋兼栖型蝙蝠．蝙蝠在该地区自然生态系统中占有重要地位,食虫蝙蝠捕食蚊、蛾等害虫,是控制害虫的有效天敌之一,食果蝙蝠可能对荔枝、龙眼、香蕉等水果造成一定危害,问卷调查显示有75．5％的果农每年都遭受食果蝙蝠的危害． 相似文献
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