低海拔异地育肥牦牛与本地杂交肉牛(秦川×西门塔尔)在不同非蛋白氮水平饲粮条件下血液生理生化指标及生长性能的差异   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张娇娇  闫琦  刘培培  李珊珊  王惟惟  白彦福  丁路明 《动物营养学报》2017,29(11)

为探究异地育肥牦牛模式,本试验对比了低海拔异地育肥耗牛与本地杂交肉牛(秦川×西门塔尔)在同等条件下血液生理生化指标和生长性能的差异。将体重相近的8头1岁本地杂交肉牛(秦川×西门塔尔)和8头4岁青海牦牛各分为2组,每组4头,同一品种的2组试验牛分别饲喂低非蛋白氮饲粮[LNPN,饲粮中缓释尿素添加量为1.0%(干物质基础)]和高非蛋白氮饲粮[HNPN,饲粮中缓释尿素添加量为1.5%(干物质基础)]。预试期10 d,正试期50 d。结果发现:牦牛与肉牛均在LNPN条件下表现出最高的平均日采食量和最小的料重比。饲粮非蛋白氮水平未对牦牛与肉牛的血常规指标造成显著影响(P0.05),但是牦牛在各饲粮条件下中性粒细胞数目(Gran#)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)、红细胞分布宽度标准差(RDW-SD)、平均血小板体积(MPV)和血小板分布宽度(PDW)显著高于肉牛(P0.05),而平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(M CHC)和血小板数目(PLT)显著低于肉牛(P0.05)。饲粮非蛋白氮水平未对肉牛和牦牛各项血清生化指标产生显著影响(P0.05)。牦牛在各饲粮条件下血清总蛋白(TP)、尿素氮(UN)、肌酐(GREA)、免疫球蛋白A(Ig A)、免疫球蛋白M(Ig M)和免疫球蛋白G(Ig G)水平均显著高于肉牛(P0.05)。牦牛在HNPN条件下的血清白蛋白(ALB)水平显著低于LNPN条件下(P0.05)。本试验结果表明,在肉牛和牦牛育肥饲粮中添加1.0%的缓释尿素替代饲粮蛋白质是可行的;低海拔异地育肥牦牛不会对牦牛健康产生不利影响。  相似文献   

库车坳陷克深地区现今地应力场及储层裂缝数值模拟          下载免费PDF全文

雷刚林  戴俊生  吴超  王珂  李青  王媛  何巧林  吴庆宽 《勤云标准版测试》2014,34(2):31-36

克深三维区目前处于勘探开发的前期,需要明确地应力场及地下储层裂缝的分布规律,指导开发工作,但该区存在地层埋深大、取心困难、成像测井资料缺乏等实际情况,应力场研究及裂缝预测难度大。利用有限元分析方法,以井点现今地应力值为约束进行了克深三维区现今地应力场的数值模拟,同时建立了应力应变与裂缝参数的定量关系模型,利用古今应力场结合法对克深三维区的裂缝参数进行了预测,模拟结果显示构造高部位和断层带是低应力值区及裂缝的有利发育区。裂缝的数值模拟结果与测井解释结果对比表明,预测结果与实钻吻合度较高,裂缝预测效果较好。  相似文献   

颗粒日粮中添加柠条对滩羊生长性能、血液生化指标、瘤胃发酵及羊肉品质的影响     

颗粒日粮中添加柠条对滩羊生长性能血液生化指标瘤胃发酵及羊肉品质的影响 《畜牧与饲料科学》2021,42(3):14-20

[目的]研究颗粒日粮中添加柠条对滩羊生长性能、血液生化指标、瘤胃发酵及羊肉品质的影响。[方法]选择体重相近的健康去势滩羊20只,随机分成两组,每组10只;对照组饲喂含有10%菊花粕的颗粒日粮,试验组饲喂含有6%柠条和4%菊花粕的颗粒日粮;开展周期为50天的育肥试验,测定滩羊的生长性能指标;育肥试验结束后,测定滩羊血液生化指标;屠宰后测定滩羊的屠宰性能指标,并取瘤胃液测定瘤胃发酵指标;取背腰最长肌,测定粗脂肪、粗蛋白、氨基酸含量以及脂肪酸组成。[结果]试验组和对照组滩羊的初始体重和终末体重无显著（P>0.05）差异;试验组平均日增重较对照组降低10.84%,差异不显著（P>0.05）;对照组平均日采食量显著（P<0.05）高于试验组;两组试验羊料肉比相同。试验组滩羊血清中的总蛋白含量显著（P<0.05）高于对照组,其他血液生化指标无显著（P>0.05）差异。对照组滩羊屠宰率比试验组高1.59%,差异不显著（P>0.05）;两组试验羊肝脏重、肝脏指数、心脏和肺脏重、心脏和肺脏指数差异不显著（P>0.05）。试验组滩羊瘤胃液中丁酸浓度显著（P<0.05）高于对照组,异戊酸浓度显著（P<0.05）低于对照组。对照组和试验组滩羊背腰最长肌中分别检测出18种和20种脂肪酸,粗蛋白含量分别为17.51%和20.92%,粗脂肪含量分别为3.22%和3.89%,总氨基酸含量分别为13.25%和14.09%。[结论]颗粒日粮中加入柠条对滩羊生长性能、血液生化指标和屠宰性能影响不明显,但可改善瘤胃发酵,丰富羊肉中脂肪酸组成及含量,增加肉中粗蛋白、粗脂肪和氨基酸含量。  相似文献   

响应曲面法优化高粱挤压最佳操作参数的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张守文  王跃 《农产品加工．学刊》2011,(1):37-41

以高粱为原料,研究系统操作参数,包括:物料含水率、喂料速度、螺杆转速、机筒温度对目标参数的影响,并以响应曲面法优化最佳操作参数,优化得到的最佳操作参数为:物料含水率15.77%,喂料速度26.97r/min,螺杆转速181.20r/min,五区温度158.28℃。  相似文献   

基于EDEM的猪粪接触参数标定   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

王黎明  范盛远  程红胜  孟海波  沈玉君  王健  周海宾 《农业工程学报》2020,36(15):95-102

为准确快速获得畜禽粪便的接触参数,该研究通过物理堆积试验与仿真方法对猪粪接触参数进行了标定。测定了不同含水率下猪粪的堆积角,建立了含水率与堆积角的回归方程;基于Hertz-Mindlin with JKR球体粘结模型,进行了离散元仿真模拟;采用筛选试验设计(Plackett-BurmanDesign,P-BD)对10个初始参数进行了筛选,发现JKR(Johnso-Kendall-Roberts)表面能、颗粒间滚动摩擦系数、颗粒间碰撞恢复系数对猪粪堆积角影响显著;并根据响应曲面试验设计(Box-BehnkenDesign,B-BD)建立了堆积角与显著性参数的二阶回归模型,得到了3个显著性参数值分别为JKR表面能0.03J/m~2、颗粒间滚动摩擦系数0.27、颗粒间碰撞恢复系数0.54;将仿真所得堆积角与物理试验值进行对比验证,相对误差为4.27%。结果表明,该研究提出的标定方法能准确模拟物理堆积试验,可为畜禽粪便接触参数的标定提供参考。  相似文献   

微喷灌溉在山区农业园区的应用研究     

高淑霞 《现代农业科技》2015,(11)

对农业休闲园区内进行微喷灌溉设计、施工和应用效果检验,介绍了山区丘陵地形应用微喷高效节水灌溉的设计参数、施工措施和应注意的问题,为发展山区微喷灌溉、服务农业园区提供参考。  相似文献   

Design and performance of recirculating aquaculture system for marine finfish broodstock development     

《Aquacultural Engineering》2019

Tropical and subtropical climatic conditions in India present an ideal and unique opportunity for being the leader in tropical marine finfish aquaculture. However, the problem persist due to non-availability of marine finfish seed for the culture. In response to this problem, broodstock development of different tropical marine finfishes for seed production was started. The present study was undertaken to design a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) and studying their performance in managing the various water quality required for the marine finfish broodstock development and breeding. The design of RAS, developed in the present study, included a broodstock tank, egg collection chamber, electrical pump, rapid sand filter, venturi type protein skimmer and biological filter. Two RAS were designed, one was stocked with a demersal fish species, orange spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) and the other was stocked with a pelagic fish species, Indian pompano (Trachinotus mookalee) at the rate 1 and 0.5 kg/m³ with a sex ratio of 1:1 and 1:2 (female: male) respectively. Various physio-chemical parameters, viz, total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), nitrite, nitrate, pH, alkalinity, temperature, free carbon dioxide (CO₂) and dissolved oxygen (DO) of both tank water were analyzed to assess the performance of recirculating aquaculture system in maintaining the water quality. Gonadal development of the fishes was assessed and the spawning performance was recorded and finally, economic performance of the system was also evaluated. During the entire experimental period, mean monthly total ammonia nitrogen was less than 0.07 and 0.06 mg L⁻¹ and mean monthly nitrite was less than 0.02 and 0.01 mg L⁻¹ in orange spotted grouper and Indian pompano RAS tanks respectively. The pH (7.8–8.2), DO (>4 mg/L) and alkalinity (100–120 mg/L) were found to be in optimum range in both recirculating aquaculture systems. Carbon dioxide was found to be nil during the entire experimental period in both the systems. In fact these levels were comparable or less than that is reported as the permissible limits for broodstock development. Indian pompano and Orange spotted grouper matured and spawning was obtained with production of fertilized eggs round the year. Economic evaluation showed the price of 10,000 fertilized eggs of orange spotted grouper to be US $ 1.33. The design of RAS devised in the present study is efficient in controlling and maintaining optimum water quality for broodstock development of both demersal and pelagic finfishes. The fishes stocked in RAS attained final maturation and round the year spawning was obtained.  相似文献   

Soil physical changes and maize growth in a structurally fragile tropical soil due to mulching and duration between irrigation intervals          下载免费PDF全文

E. G. Moura  V. R. A. Macedo  V. G. L. Sena  L. S. Campos  A. C. F. Aguiar 《Soil Use and Management》2017,33(4):631-638

Under tropical meteorological conditions, the volume of soil explored by plant roots is crucial for crop growth as it allows increased water and nutrient use efficiency. We hypothesized that, under different irrigation intervals, leguminous mulch can extend the duration between irrigation events but maintain crop performance, because decreased evaporative fluxes also reduce constraints to root exploration imposed by mechanical stress. We evaluated the combined effects of leguminous mulch and irrigation intervals on soil physical properties to determine whether the growth and productivity of maize were modified in a structurally fragile tropical soil. The experiment involved the following treatments: 4‐day irrigation intervals with soil mulched (4C) or bare (4S), 6‐day irrigation intervals with soil mulched (6C) or bare (6S), 8‐day irrigation intervals with soil mulched (8C) or bare (8S) and 10‐day irrigation intervals with soil mulched (10C) or bare (10S). Mulch decreased soil penetration resistance and increased to 4 days the favourable time for root development in drying soil. Relative to bare soil, mulch with a 6‐day irrigation interval almost doubled nitrogen uptake post‐tasselling, which decreased nitrogen remobilization and increased the crop growth rate during this stage. These conditions had a positive effect on the transpiration rate and stomatal conductance as well as on the growth and yield of maize. A 6‐day irrigation interval with mulch compared to 4 days with bare soil resulted in similar conditions for root development, but greater uptake of nitrogen (102.73–78.70 kg/ha) and better yield (6.2–5.3 t/ha), which means greater efficiency in nitrogen and water use.  相似文献   

苹小卷叶蛾在6个苹果品种上的发育与繁殖     

孙丽娜  闫文涛  张怀江  仇贵生 《山东农业科学》2015,(1):92-95,104

为探索不同品种苹果对苹小卷叶蛾生长发育和繁殖的影响,在温度(26±1)℃、相对湿度(80±5)%、光周期L∶D=16 h∶8 h的室内条件下,测定了苹小卷叶蛾在小国光、大国光、红玉、祝光、红星和金帅上的发育历期、存活率和产卵量,并组建了其各自的生命周期表。结果显示,苹小卷叶蛾在6个品种上的发育历期差异显著,全世代发育历期以小国光最短(33.95 d),以红玉最长(39.76 d);平均单雌产卵量以红玉最高(107.24粒),小国光次之(85.00粒);而存活率则无显著差异。生命表参数中净生殖率(R0)、内禀增长率(rm)和周限增长率(λ)均以小国光最高,世代平均周期(T)和种群加倍时间(Dt)以小国光最短,表明6种试验品种中小国光是苹小卷叶蛾最适宜的寄主品种。  相似文献   

软基水闸底板脱空动力学反演模型构建与试验验证     

李火坤  余杰  王刚  魏博文  黄伟  黄锦林 《农业工程学报》2020,36(21):145-153

软基水闸极易因地基不均匀沉降、渗透变形等发生底板脱空现象，传统的无损检测方法难以在水下探测底板脱空，且不具实时性，其应用还存在一定局限性。该研究基于软基水闸室内物理模型，提出了一种软基水闸底板脱空动力学反演方法。首先，基于多参数变量的底板脱空范围数学模型，改进了反映软基水闸底板脱空参数与水闸动力学参数（模态参数）之间非线性映射关系的数学代理模型；其次，以水闸多测点多阶频率和振型变化率组合作为动力学敏感特征量，建立了软基水闸底板脱空参数反演的目标函数，并基于遗传算法对目标函数进行求解。最后，建立了软基水闸室内物理模型，并在模型中设置3种不同的底板脱空工况，采用软基水闸底板脱空动力学反演方法对软基水闸底板的脱空进行反演识别与模型验证。结果表明：基于动力学参数反演识别的水闸底板脱空区域趋势和脱空面积与模型实际脱空情况吻合较好，3种工况下水闸底板脱空面积反演结果与模型实际脱空面积的相对误差分别为7.47%、6.78%、6.90%，验证了该方法的可靠性，可望为软基水闸实际工程底板脱空隐患检测提供一种新的思路。  相似文献