Rapid screening and selection of low-caffeine-containing tea (Camellia sinensis) trees by a colorimetric method     

Y. D. Kim    J. Y. Min    C. S. Karigar    G. W. Cheong    J. W. Kim    M. S. Choi 《Plant Breeding》2007,126(6):634-637

A simple and rapid colorimetric method for the determination of caffeine has been developed. Tea tree lines from the Hadong region in South Korea differ widely in their caffeine contents and this colorimetric method facilitated an efficient screening strategy for the selection of low‐caffeine‐containing lines. A high correlation was observed between the values obtained with colorimetric and high‐performance liquid chromatographic analysis. Among the selected tree lines, the caffeine content for the lowest caffeine‐containing tea tree line (H‐19) was 178.35 μg/g dry weight basis, which was 61‐fold less productive than the highest caffeine‐producing tea tree line (H‐82). Caffeine contents of the selected tea tree lines remained similar during the corresponding collection periods. The colorimetric method is of great practical value in screening low‐caffeine‐containing tea trees.  相似文献   

Breeding for low seed caffeine content of coffee (Coffea L.) by interspecific hybridization     

Paulo Mazzafera  Alcides Carvalho 《Euphytica》1991,59(1):55-60

Summary Seeds from open-pollinated flowers collected from hybrids of several Coffea species were analysed for caffeine content. The caffeine content was not always intermediary to that of the parents; higher and lower values were found. Diploid F₁ hybrids between accessions of C. eugenioides and C. salvatrix showed the lowest seed caffeine content. Seeds of the tetraploid hybrids C. arabica × C. salvatrix or C. arabica × C. eugenioides hybrids presented low caffeine content. The possibility of breeding coffee to reduce the caffeine content in the seeds by interspecific hybridization of C. arabica with other Coffea species is discussed.  相似文献   

茶树TIDH 核苷酸多样性及与咖啡碱含量的关联分析     

周晨阳  金基强  马春雷  姚明哲  陈亮 《园艺学报》2013,40(5):981

 咖啡碱是嘌呤碱中最重要的一种,对茶叶的滋味等品质起重要的作用,对于咖啡碱代谢途 径的研究有重要意义。根据NCBI 登录的TIDH 基因（编码咖啡碱合成途径的一个关键酶--次黄嘌呤核 苷酸脱氢酶）cDNA 设计引物,克隆获得了一条基因组DNA 的中间片段,长4 172 bp（TIDH3）。从中国 茶树资源核心种质中选取咖啡碱含量有代表性的95 份资源进行了两个年度、春秋两季的咖啡碱含量HPLC 测定,大部分材料的咖啡碱含量在2.50% ~ 4.50%,4 次重复的平均值为3.50%,变异系数在15.52% ~ 19.25%,表明茶叶咖啡碱含量在不同年份与季节都是相对稳定的。经PCR 扩增、测序和序列多态性分析, TIDH3 中的一个759 bp 片段的总核苷酸多样性指数πT 和θW 分别为0.006 和0.012,同义突变多样性πsyn = 0.009 大于非同义突变多样性π_nonsyn = 0.006。Ka/Ks = 0. 600 ＜ 1,认为TIDH3 基因受到负向选择作用。 TIDH3 基因连锁不平衡分析表明,基因内的连锁不平衡衰减速度较快,在约300 bp 范围内r² 值降低到了 0.2。通过关联分析,获得两个与咖啡碱含量显著相关的SNP 位点,遗传贡献率分别为10.43%和5.68%。  相似文献   

Changes on Characteristic Components During Shoots Development in Camellia Sinensis     

Jing Zhang  Hua Yang  Chao-Ling Wei  Yu-Ling Tai  Qi Chen  Xiao-Chun Wan 《茶叶》2013,(4):234-239

Fresh leaves of tea cultivar Shuchazao were harvested from five different stages of shoot development including single-bud （SB）,one leaf and one bud （BL1）,two leaves and one bud （BL2）,three leaves and one bud （BL3） and mature leaves （ML,including five leaves）.The contents of tea-specific components,including caffeine,catechins and amino acids,in tea leaves were extracted and analyzed using the HPLC technique.The results showed that the content of caffeine in the buds in BL3 stage was generally the highest,while it did not change much in SB,BL1 and BL2 stages.The content of caffeine in the leaves at the same leaf-age was similar in five different development stages.The total contents of catechins in the first leaf were higher than that in the buds in all five development stages,and it was the highest in the first leaf at BL1 stage,but it decreased with the increase of the leaf-age.As far as the monomeric catechins were concerned,non-ester type catechins and ester type catechins can be detected in the buds or leaves in the five development stages.The majority of catechins were epigallocatechingallate （EGCG）,which showed a similar variation tendency as that of total catechins.However,the contents of non-ester type catechins such as epicatechingallate （EGC）,epicatechin （EC） and gallocatechin （GC） were higher in buds than in leaves,which were opposite to the content variation trends of ester type catechins in the course of shoot development.Theanine was the major amino acids in all development stages of tender shoots,and its content in the stage of single-bud was the highest.The content of theanine in buds was three or four times higher than in leaves,and the older the leaf-age was,the less theanine existed in the leaves.  相似文献   

树脂法绿色制备茶多酚研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张建勇江和源  江用文王岩  叶葵龙丹 白艳 《中国农学通报》2012,28(31):282-287

为了提高中低档茶叶资源利用率,解决目前茶多酚生产工艺使用较多氯仿、乙酸乙酯等有毒有机溶剂、易造成环境污染等问题,以中低档茶叶为原料,采用食用级乙醇和水2种易得、安全的溶剂,比较BYX、HPD200A、HZ103、HZ841、NKA-9、PA、ADS17、XDA5、XDA7、NPS1、NPS2、HP20等12种树脂对茶多酚、咖啡碱、儿茶素的静态吸附和解吸附效果,筛选出较好的绿色制备树脂BYX,并应用BYX树脂对茶多酚进行动态洗脱研究。结果表明,以2 BV/h流速、80%乙醇体积分数、3 BV洗脱体积的BYX树脂洗脱工艺参数进行茶多酚分离制备,茶多酚纯度和得率分别可达到98.36%和19.56%,咖啡碱含量为0.96%,儿茶素含量为80.82%,EGCG含量为46.52%。该茶多酚绿色制备法工艺简单易行,不使用乙酸乙酯、氯仿等有毒有机溶剂,整个工艺过程不产生毒害污染物,安全卫生,产品质量高,可为高质量茶多酚产品的工业化绿色生产制备提供新途径。  相似文献   

绿茶几种化学组分苦涩味非线性回归分析及在感官审评中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

徐文平  李大祥  张正竹  唐茜  宛晓春 《茶叶科学》2010,30(5):399-406

为了定量分析茶汤苦涩味强度,采用感官评定法中的线性标度法和排序法,建立了EGCG和咖啡碱的呈味特征曲线（滋味强度与浓度关系）,以EGCG、咖啡碱和芦丁为主要参数建立了茶汤苦涩味强度定量函数,探讨了这3种主要呈味物质间的相互影响。芦丁能增加咖啡碱的苦味,但是芦丁对EGCG的滋味无明显影响,而咖啡碱对EGCG的涩味有明显增强作用。利用苦涩味强度定量函数对四川绿茶苦涩味偏重的成因进行了分析,对20个茶样的分析结果表明,模型对苦味的解释程度达78%~137%,对涩味的解释程度达68%~144%,较高的EGCG和咖啡碱含量可能是四川绿茶苦涩味偏重的主要原因。  相似文献   

咖啡因生物合成研究进展及在茶树育种中的应用   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

张广辉  梁月荣  吴颖 《茶叶》2005,31(1):18-23

咖啡因是一种嘌呤生物碱,存在于茶和咖啡中。由于咖啡因对一些人有引起失眠等的副作用,所以培育低咖啡因咖啡和茶树品种具有非常重要的意义。本综述了近年咖啡因生物合成与代谢的研究进展,包括相关酶的基因克隆等,并对培育脱咖啡因茶树可能的途径和存在问题进行了讨论。  相似文献   

Tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.) roots secrete oxalic acid and caffeine into medium containing aluminum     

Akio Morita  Osamu Yanagisawa  Setsuko Maeda  Satoshi Takatsu  Takashi Ikka 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(6):796-802

We examined the response of the tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.) to aluminum (Al) exposure under sterile conditions, focusing specifically on the secretion of low molecular mass organic compounds from roots. After germination in agar medium, tea seedlings together with medium were placed on agar containing 0.4?mM Al with 0.2% hematoxyline (hematoxylin-Al medium). The purple color of the hematoxylin-Al medium was observed to fade gradually, until none of the color remained 6 days later. The tea seedlings were then treated with simple calcium solution (0.2?mM, at pH 4.2) containing AlCl₃, which ranged in concentration from 0 to 0.8?mM, for 24?hrs. The amount of oxalate secreted into the medium increased as the external Al concentration increased, while the concentrations of malate and citrate in the medium remained unchanged. Oxalate secretion started within 30?min after Al exposure and increased linearly thereafter. The findings demonstrated that oxalate was a key compound in the Al-tolerance mechanism employed by the tea plant, which detoxifies Al³⁺ externally in the rhizosphere. In addition to oxalate, caffeine was also secreted by tea roots in response to Al exposure. It is possible that caffeine excretion from the roots of tea plants may stimulate root growth through the inhibition of callose deposition in root tips.  相似文献   

茶树重要功能基因克隆研究进展   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10  

陆建良  林晨  骆颖颖  张广辉  梁月荣 《茶叶科学》2007,27(2):95-103

根据发表的文章以及对美国生物技术信息中心（NCBI）的检索结果,从茶树儿茶素类代谢相关基因、咖啡碱代谢相关基因、茶香气形成相关基因等方面介绍茶树重要功能基因分离研究进展。  相似文献   

Highly efficient induction of triploid Pacific abalone <Emphasis Type="Italic">Haliotis discus hannai</Emphasis> by caffeine treatment     

Sei-Ichi Okumura  Katsutoshi Arai  Yoshitaka Harigaya  Hirotaka Eguchi  Mizuho Sakai  Hiroaki Senbokuya  Suehiro Furukawa  Kunio Yamamori 《Fisheries Science》2007,73(2):237-243

ABSTRACT:   In order to develop a highly efficient method for mass production of triploid Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai , caffeine treatment that is safe and inexpensive was optimized. To suppress the first meiotic division, fertilized eggs were exposed to either a 10- or 15-mM caffeine solution for 24 min beginning at 12 min after fertilization. In most treated batches, the rates of cleaved eggs showed no significant difference from the control batches. However, in most treated batches, the rates of occurrence of normal larvae and the survival rates of the early juveniles were significantly lower than those of the controls. The triploid rates at 6 days to 11 months after settlement in all the treated batches were extremely high (91–100%). There was no significant difference in the mean triploid rates between 10- and 15-mM caffeine treatments. These results suggest that both treatment conditions were conducive to triploid abalone production. One live 2n/3n mosaic specimen was found in the treated batches. However, since the frequency of mosaic was extremely low, the mosaicism would probably not have an adverse effect on the stable production of triploid abalones.  相似文献