牛胸腺DNA导入"藁优9415"后代变异及SSR分析     

张希太 《安徽农学通报》2011,17(7):41-44

将小牛胸腺DNA通过＂浸种培养法＂导入小麦品种＂藁优9415＂,其后代在株高、蜡质层、芒型、穗型、壳上有无茸毛、成熟期等几个方面发生大量变异。通过对变异后代的系统选择得到多个稳定的变异种质系;通过对＂藳优9415＂、D9415-37、D9415-41、D9415-66、牛胸腺DNA的SSR分子标记检测,引物xgwm614、xgwm148、xgwm120、xg-wm46、xgwm239、xgwm357检测出了较丰富的多态性DNA片段,其中xgwm46、xgwm357在D9415-37、D9415-41基因组DNA中检测出了小牛胸腺DNA特有而＂藁优9415＂没有的特异带型,进一步说明了D9415-37、D9415-41是由小牛胸腺DNA片段嵌入＂藁优9415＂基因组DNA变异而来。  相似文献   

Polymorphisms in growth hormone gene and their associations with calf weight in Japanese Black cattle     

Takafumi ISHIDA  Ai UMEBAYASHI  Sinichi TSURUTA  Ryo AKASHI  Hiroshi HARADA 《Animal Science Journal》2010,81(6):623-629

The objectives of this study were to detect effective genetic polymorphisms of bovine growth hormone (bGH) gene associated with calf weight in Japanese Black cattle. Fifty‐eight sires and 47 breeding cows were used to detect the polymorphisms in exons by single‐strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP). Four homozygous and six heterozygous SSCP genotypes were identified in exon 5. Although each single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) had been reported, these genotypes were caused by three SNPs at the nucleotide positions 2141, 2277 and 2291. Four haplotypes C‐C‐A, G‐C‐A, C‐C‐C and G‐T‐A were newly identified. It was suggested that other haplotypes not detected in this study may not exist, considering the allele frequencies reported in Bos taurus and Bos indicus, and the migrating process of native Japanese cattle. Thereafter, we examined associations between the detected polymorphic sites in exon 5 by PCR – restriction fragment length polymorphism and calf weight using 53 breeding dams and 135 calves. The birth weights of calves with haplotype G‐C‐A are significantly lighter and calves' weights produced by cows with such haplotype are also lighter at 30 days old, using regression analysis. Although further research is necessary, these results may serve as a useful criterion to select breeding stocks, especially in maternal abilities.  相似文献   

犊牛腹泻的病因分析与治疗对策     

任卫青  王新庄 《中国畜牧兽医》2010,37(10):183-186

犊牛腹泻是犊牛常见的疾病,导致犊牛大量死亡和发育受阻,给养牛业带来了巨大的经济损失。笔者分析了犊牛腹泻的发病原因,提出了治疗对策,并对其临床症状,诊断和预防进行了论述,以期提高养殖效益。  相似文献   

Arabinogalactan protein from Jatropha curcas L. seeds as TGFβ1-mediated inductor of keratinocyte in vitro differentiation and stimulation of GM-CSF,HGF, KGF and in organotypic skin equivalents     

Janina Zippel  Thomas Wells  Andreas Hensel 《Fitoterapia》2010

Arabinogalactan protein JC from Jatropha curcas seed endosperm (mean molecular weight 140 kDa) was isolated by cold water extraction and characterized concerning sugar and amino acid composition. At 10 and 100 µg/mL JC stimulated mitochondrial activity (MTT test) of human skin cells (HaCaT keratinocytes, fibroblasts) and the ATP status of primary keratinocytes. JC did not influence the cellular proliferation, while primary keratinocytes were triggered into differentiation status. Investigations on a potential mode of action of JC were performed on complex organotypic skin equivalents. JC induced the production of HGF, KGF and TGFβ, with TGFβ being the main inductor for the differentiation-inducing effect of JC. Also the expression of GM-CSF was stimulated strongly by JC.  相似文献   

不同蛋白水平日粮对荷斯坦公犊牛糖异生的影响     

杨天宇  马晓宇  贡笑笑  彭程  黄杰  赵国琦  詹康 《中国农业大学学报》2022,27(4):187-194

为探究不同蛋白水平日粮对荷斯坦公犊牛糖异生的影响,选取年龄和生理状态相似的10头荷斯坦公犊牛(平均为5月龄,体重(172.80±7.16)kg),随机分为2组,每组5头,分别饲喂粗蛋白水平为15.05％和21.02％的颗粒料日粮,预试期7 d,正试期56 d.通过葡萄糖试剂盒测定血清和肝脏葡萄糖含量,液相色谱测定氨基酸...  相似文献   

坝上地区奶牛舍和犊牛舍冬季有害气体的检测     

王亚男  冯曼  李宏双  高玉红  邱殿锐  郭建军 《中国畜牧兽医》2016,43(6):1635-1640

试验旨在研究高寒地区奶牛舍和犊牛舍冬季有害气体的含量变化,选取河北省坝上高原具有代表性的3种奶牛舍和4种犊牛舍,检测冬季不同时间段牛舍内外空气中氨气(NH₃)和二氧化碳(CO₂)的含量。结果显示,不设舍外运动场的奶牛舍中CO₂含量极显著高于带舍外运动场的奶牛舍(P < 0.01),且晚上CO₂含量高于早上和中午,最高达4 481.7 mg/m³(奶牛舍1)。所有犊牛舍CO₂含量均表现为早晚高、中午低的规律性,所有奶牛舍和犊牛舍内CO₂含量均极显著或显著高于净道或运动场(P < 0.01;P < 0.05)。3种奶牛舍19:00后NH₃含量出现急剧升高的趋势。奶牛舍3只检测到低浓度的NH₃,波动范围为0~0.36 mg/m³,犊牛舍的NH₃含量介于0.71~5.28 mg/m³。综上所述,奶牛舍和犊牛舍有害气体含量与牛舍建筑类型和结构相关,密闭性好的牛舍CO₂和NH₃含量均较高,甚至出现CO₂含量严重超标的现象。为降低舍内的有害气体含量,寒冷地区应在考虑牛舍保温设计的同时,兼顾通风换气的设计,以改善牛舍的空气质量。  相似文献   

Calf health from birth to weaning. III. housing and management of calf pneumonia     

Lorenz I  Earley B  Gilmore J  Hogan I  Kennedy E  More SJ 《Irish veterinary journal》2011,64(1):14

Calfhood diseases have a major impact on the economic viability of cattle operations. A three part review series has been developed focusing on calf health from birth to weaning. In this paper, the last of the three part series, we review disease prevention and management with particular reference to pneumonia, focusing primarily on the pre-weaned calf. Pneumonia in recently weaned suckler calves is also considered, where the key risk factors are related to the time of weaning. Weaning of the suckler calf is often combined with additional stressors including a change in nutrition, environmental change, transport and painful husbandry procedures (castration, dehorning). The reduction of the cumulative effects of these multiple stressors around the time of weaning together with vaccination programmes (preconditioning) can reduce subsequent morbidity and mortality in the feedlot. In most studies, calves housed individually and calves housed outdoors with shelter, are associated with decreased risk of disease. Even though it poses greater management challenges, successful group housing of calves is possible. Special emphasis should be given to equal age groups and to keeping groups stable once they are formed. The management of pneumonia in calves is reliant on a sound understanding of aetiology, relevant risk factors, and of effective approaches to diagnosis and treatment. Early signs of pneumonia include increased respiratory rate and fever, followed by depression. The single most important factor determining the success of therapy in calves with pneumonia is early onset of treatment, and subsequent adequate duration of treatment. The efficacy and economical viability of vaccination against respiratory disease in calves remains unclear.  相似文献   

Exposure to blue LED light before the onset of darkness under a long‐day photoperiod alters melatonin secretion,feeding behaviour and growth in female dairy calves     

Mabrouk Elsabagh  Mamiko Mon  Yui Takao  Akiko Shinoda  Takashi Watanabe  Shiro Kushibiki  Taketo Obitsu  Toshihisa Sugino 《Animal Science Journal》2020,91(1)

The effect of blue LED on melatonin secretion, feeding behaviour and growth was addressed in Holstein female dairy calves. In Exp.1, six animals (8 weeks old, 97 ± 4.1 kg BW) were exposed to yellow or blue LED for 2 hr before darkness over 7 days under a long‐day photoperiod (LDPP). In Exp. 2, six animals (8 weeks old, 88.5 ± 4.8 kg BW) were exposed to blue light from a white LED all daytime or a yellow LED for 2 hr before the darkness of LDPP (blue light cut) over 3 weeks. In Exp. 1, blue light mildly suppressed melatonin secretion during the 2‐hr treatment but did not affect the timing of the nightly melatonin rise. However, the rise in nighty melatonin levels was higher with yellow than blue LED. In Exp. 2, white LED completely suppressed melatonin secretion during the 2‐hr treatment, but plasma melatonin concentrations were similar during the darkness. Grass hay intake, rumination time, frequency of water intake and body weight gain were higher in animals exposed to the yellow rather than the white LED. Overall results indicate that exposure to blue light from white LEDs under an LDPP suppresses melatonin secretion and might negatively impact the development of female dairy calves.  相似文献   

The estimation of duration of maternally-derived antibodies against Akabane,Aino, and Chuzan virus in calves by the receiver operating characteristic analysis     

Jiro IWAMOTO  Masahiro FURUKAWA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2020,82(11):1614

The duration of maternally-derived antibodies against three arboviruses was investigated in calves, using the results of arbovirus serosurveillance performed in Kagoshima Prefecture during 2002–2016. The duration of maternally-derived antibodies against Akabane virus (AKAV), Aino virus (AINOV), and Chuzan virus (CHUV) was estimated to be 178 (sensitivity: 0.769, specificity: 0.730), 156 (sensitivity: 0.806, specificity: 0.791), and 156 days of age (sensitivity: 0.845, specificity: 0.814), by receiver operating characteristic analysis. The duration of maternally-derived antibodies against AKAV, AINOV, and CHUV differed 7–14, 22–28, and 20–31 days in the same calf types between the regions far from each other although it was similar between the adjacent regions. The dairy calves showed 6–29 days longer duration than the beef calves rearing in a similar region.  相似文献   

新生牦牛犊奶泻病的综合治疗          下载免费PDF全文

耿吉文 《中国牛业科学》2019,45(4):86-87

笔者从2017-2018年在兽医临床上共收治该病23例,采用综合防治措施,治愈21例,有效率达91.3%,收到良好的治疗效果。  相似文献