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Modulation of broilers’ caecal microflora and metabolites in response to a potential probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 下载免费PDF全文
G. T. Cao X. A. Zhan L. L. Zhang X. F. Zeng A. G. Chen C. M. Yang 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2018,102(2):e909-e917
Studies have found that a dietary supplement of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens improved the growth performance, increased the nutrient digestibility of hosts and modulated the intestinal microflora. A total of 360 1‐day‐old Ross broilers were randomly divided into three treatments: a control group with a basal diet, an antibiotic group with a basal diet and added colistin sulphate, and a probiotics group with a basal diet and added Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. The HiSeq high‐throughput sequencing analysis of 16S rRNA was used to investigate the differences in birds’ caecal microflora, and metabolomics was used to analyse changes in caecal metabolites. Results showed that the supplementation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens significantly improved the BW and ADG compared with the control birds. Results of sequencing indicated that (i) 645, 670, 596 unique operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were found in birds supplemented with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on day 7, 21 and 42, separately, (ii) due to the diversity and relative abundance of the birds’ caecal microflora, the OTUs of the caecal microflora clustered according to age and treatment, except on day 42, (iii) among the six predominate families (Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, Lactobacillaceae and Rikenellaceae), the supplementation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens significantly increased Enterobacteriaceae on day 42, (iv) Bacillus amyloliquefaciens increased the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium and Ruminococcus on day 21, increased the Faecalibacterium and Blautia and decreased the Ruminococcus on day 42. The metabolomics of caecal metabolites showed that the dietary Bacillus amyloliquefaciens changed the caecal metabolites involved of amino acid metabolism and glyceride metabolism, and the antibiotics changed the caecal metabolites that were related to carbohydrates and amino acid metabolism on day 21. 相似文献
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谢文新 《畜牧兽医科学(电子版)》2021,(4):118-119
科学疫病防控是现代化家禽养殖产业发展中一项重要和不可或缺的工作,是实现鸡养殖产业健康可持续发展的关键所在。由于农村地区的很多养殖户科学疫病防控重视程度不高,在养殖管理过程中并没有构建完善的疫病防控措施,养殖管理方案不当,鸡群处于亚健康状态,身体抵抗能力较差,一旦某些传染性疾病在养殖场中爆发流行,很容易造成严重危害,使大量鸡死亡,给养殖场带来不可挽回的经济损失。该文分析农村养鸡防疫存在的问题,论述具体的解决措施。 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究不同饲粮钙水平对麒麟鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质、趾骨特性及血清生化指标的影响,以确定麒麟鸡饲粮中钙的适宜水平。选用1日龄麒麟鸡240只,随机分为5个组,每组6个重复,每个重复8只鸡。各组分别饲喂钙水平为0.75%、0.90%、1.05%、1.20%和1.35%(可利用磷水平为0.45%,维生素D3水平为1 250 IU/kg)的玉米-豆粕型试验饲粮,试验期28 d。结果表明:1)饲粮钙水平对麒麟鸡平均日增重、平均日采食量、腿病发生率和死亡率有显著影响(P0.05),但对料重比影响不显著(P0.05),随着饲粮钙水平的提高,平均日增重和平均日采食量呈断线变化(P0.05)。2)饲粮钙水平对麒麟鸡屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率以及胸肌的p H、肉色和滴水损失率没有显著影响(P0.05),但腹脂率随着饲粮钙水平的增加有先升高后降低的变化趋势(P=0.083)。饲粮钙水平对胸肌的剪切力有显著影响(P0.05),且随钙水平的提高呈二次曲线变化(P0.05)。3)饲粮钙水平对麒麟鸡趾骨脱脂干重及趾骨粗灰分、粗灰分钙含量有显著影响(P0.05),且趾骨粗灰分和粗灰分钙含量随着饲粮钙水平的提高呈二次曲线和断线变化(P0.05)。4)饲粮钙水平对血清碱性磷酸酶活性影响不显著(P0.05),但显著影响麒麟鸡血清钙、磷含量(P0.05),随着饲粮钙水平的提高,血清磷含量呈断线变化(P0.05)。综上所述,平均日增重、平均日采食量、胸肌剪切力、趾骨粗灰分和粗灰分钙含量、血清磷含量可敏感反映麒麟鸡体内钙的营养状况,综合以上敏感指标得出1~28日龄麒麟鸡饲粮中钙需要量为1.20%。 相似文献
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有关鸡瘟病毒防治方法的讨论 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
鸡瘟是病毒引起的一种急性传染病。鸡瘟的季节一般在春季和秋季发生,它的传染比较迅速,如果没有进行及时的防控,流行起来,具有很高的死亡率。 相似文献
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Dong Ruan Qiuli Fan Ahmed Mohamed Fouad Yunyun Sun Shengshu Huang Aiji Wu Chuxiao Lin Zhixiang Kuang Chang Zhang Shouqun Jiang 《Journal of animal science》2021,99(2)
Essential oils are plant-derived aromatic volatile oils, and they contain bioactive compounds that have been shown to improve poultry nutrition. In this study, we investigated the effects of oregano essential oil (OEO) on intestinal antioxidative capacity, immunity, and gut microbiota of young yellow-feathered chickens. A total of nine hundred and sixty 1-d-old female Qingyuan partridge chickens were randomly allocated to four treatment groups with six replicates of 40 birds each, and the feeding trial was lasted for 30 d. The controls were fed on a basal diet without in-feed antibiotics; the birds in the antibiotic group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 20 mg/kg virginiamycin; the remaining birds were fed the basal diet containing 150 or 300 mg/kg OEO, respectively. Dietary supplementation with 150 or 300 mg/kg OEO increased average daily feed intake (P = 0.057) and average daily gain (P < 0.05). The activities of glutathione peroxidase and total antioxidative capacity in plasma, jejuna, and ileal mucosa were increased by OEO supplementation (P < 0.05), with a trend of lower jejunal content of malonaldehyde (P = 0.062). Moreover, dietary OEO increased the content of secretory immunoglobulin A (P = 0.078) and the relative expression of Claudin 1, Mucin 2, and Avain beta-defensin 1 in ileum (P < 0.05). Sequencing data of 16S rRNA indicated that dietary OEO increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes phylum, and Clostridium and Lactobacillus genera, and decreasing that of Romboutsia. Functional analyses indicated that microbial amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, replication, and repair systems were higher in OEO groups than those of controls and antibiotic treatment. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with OEO enhanced growth performance, alleviated local oxidative stress in intestine, improved production of natural antibodies, and favorably modulated intestinal microbiota composition. 相似文献