Effect of dietary chitosan oligosaccharide complex with Ce (IV) on growth,immunity and disease resistance against Vibrio splendidus of sea cucumber,Apostichopus japonicas          下载免费PDF全文

Yanlong Wang  Wei Xu  Rantao Zuo  Huihui Zhou  Yang Bai  Kangsen Mai  Dongfeng Wang  Qinghui Ai 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(3):1158-1167

An 8‐week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary chitosan oligosaccharide complex with cerium (Ce IV) (COS‐Ce) on growth performance, nonspecific immunity and disease resistance of sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicas. Five isonitrogenous (18.6%) and isolipidic (1.1%) practical diets were formulated with graded level of COS‐Ce (0, 150, 300, 600 and 1200 mg kg^?1 dry feed), which were named as COS‐Ce/0, COS‐Ce/150, COS‐Ce/300, COS‐Ce/600, COS‐Ce/1200 respectively. Each diet was allocated to four replicates of sea cucumbers (Initial weight: 6.72 ± 0.02 g). Sea cucumbers were fed to apparent satiation once daily (19:00 hours) for 56 days. During the experiment, water temperature was kept at 16 ± 0.5°C, pH 7.8–8.2, dissolved oxygen beyond 5 mg L^?1, ammonia nitrogen below 0.5 mg L^?1 and salinity from 30‰ to 31‰. Results showed that the specific growth rate of sea cucumbers was significantly higher in COS‐Ce/600 than that in other four treatments. Activities of phagocytosis, respiratory burst, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase in COS‐Ce/600 were significantly higher than that in COS‐Ce/0 (P < 0.05) respectively. On the contrary, cumulative mortality was the lowest in COS‐Ce/600 following 14 days exposure to Vibrio splendidus (P < 0.05). In conclusion, these results confirmed that dietary COS‐Ce had beneficial effects on growth performance, nonspecific immunity and disease resistance of sea cucumber.  相似文献   

不同源壳聚糖对鲫生长和抗感染能力的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

翟少伟  王敦 《水产科学》2009,28(8)

将180尾平均体质量(25.1±1.5)g/尾的鲫随机分为3个处理组,饲喂3种饲料(基础饲料、基础饲料+0.50%普通虾蟹壳壳聚糖、基础饲料+0.50%昆虫壳聚糖),每个处理组4个重复,每个重复15尾,研究不同源壳聚糖对鲫生长和抗嗜水气单胞菌感染能力的影响.试验结果表明,添加昆虫源壳聚糖显著提高了鲫的特定生长率,显著降低了饵料系数(P< 0.05),昆虫壳聚糖处理组的生长性能高于普通壳聚糖处理组(P< 0.05);壳聚糖的添加显著提高了鲫抗嗜水单胞菌感染的半致死浓度LD50(P< 0.05),昆虫壳聚糖处理组的LD50高于普通壳聚糖处理组(P< 0.1).  相似文献   

Influence of nanochitosan/zeolite composite on growth performance,digestive enzymes and serum biochemical parameters in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)          下载免费PDF全文

Najmeh Sheikhzadeh  Mobina Kouchaki  Mobina Mehregan  Hossein Tayefi‐Nasrabadi  Baharak Divband  Masoomeh Khataminan  Ali Khani Oushani  Sadigheh Shabanzadeh 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(12):5955-5964

Protective effects of nanochitosan/zeolite composite besides zeolite and chitosan/zeolite composite on rainbow trout growth, digestive enzyme activities and biochemical parameters were studied. Nanochitosan/zeolite hybrid composites with three different ratio of nanochitosan:zeolite (35:100, 3.5:100 and 0.35:100) were synthesized and analysed by X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermal gravim (TG) analysis and scanning electron microscope (SEM) methods. Prepared composites as well as zeolite and control diets were fed to rainbow trout (50 g) for a period of 60 days. The addition of treated diets significantly improved growth performance compared to the control diet. Supplemental zeolite could only enhance the amylase activity in fish intestine, whereas other treatment groups could increase the pepsin activity besides intestinal alkaline phosphatase, trypsin and amylase activities. No differences were observed for intestinal acid phosphatase and lipase activities among the experimental diets. Meanwhile, serum total antioxidant activity and lipid peroxidation product, indicated by malondialdehyde (MDA), significantly increased and decreased, respectively, with some doses of administration, indicating the elevated antioxidant status in treatment groups. Serum‐specific marker enzymes, namely aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), were not affected in all groups. Meanwhile serum total protein in most treatment groups was significantly higher than the control group. Results showed that synthesized composites especially nanochitosan/zeolite composite at 5 g/kg had potential to enhance growth performance, digestive enzyme activities and some biochemical parameters in rainbow trout.  相似文献   

喷雾干燥与冷冻干燥对鱼油微胶囊品质的影响     

叶繁  彭茜  李思敏  陶美洁  曹亚伦  戴志远 《渔业现代化》2019,(3):73-82

为深度开发金枪鱼加工副产物,充分利用金枪鱼油所含营养成分,以壳聚糖为壁材,金枪鱼油为芯材,分别采用喷雾干燥法和冷冻干燥法制备鱼油微胶囊,比较两种制备方法对制得微胶囊品质的影响。结果显示:喷干鱼油微胶囊和冻干鱼油微胶囊的包埋率分别为77.26%、63.86%,但后者对鱼油脂肪酸保护更好;前者挥发性成分共有43种,其中酮类物质相对含量最高,占33.01%;而后者的挥发性成分仅有24种,以酯类为主,占52.29%,且没有检测到典型的腥味物质,这可能是由于冻干过程温度较低,抑制了多不饱和脂肪酸的氧化,更能掩盖鱼油不良风味。贮藏试验显示,两种鱼油微胶囊与鱼油相比,过氧化值的增长速度均显著降低(P<0.05);贮存7d后,两种胶囊的二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)和二十碳五烯酸(EPA)保留率分别为82.22%和85.25%,两种制备方法对DHA和EPA保留率的影响不大(P>0.05)。研究表明,两种鱼油微胶囊制备方法对延缓鱼油氧化和掩蔽不良风味有一定作用,对制备鱼油微胶囊具有一定的参考意义。  相似文献   

Synthesis and Characterization of 2-Decenoic Acid Modified Chitosan for Infection Prevention and Tissue Engineering     

Carlos Montez Wells  Emily Carol Coleman  Rabeta Yeasmin  Zoe Lynn Harrison  Mallesh Kurakula  Daniel L. Baker  Joel David Bumgardner  Tomoko Fujiwara  Jessica Amber Jennings 《Marine drugs》2021,19(10)

Chitosan nanofiber membranes are recognized as functional antimicrobial materials, as they can effectively provide a barrier that guides tissue growth and supports healing. Methods to stabilize nanofibers in aqueous solutions include acylation with fatty acids. Modification with fatty acids that also have antimicrobial and biofilm-resistant properties may be particularly beneficial in tissue regeneration applications. This study investigated the ability to customize the fatty acid attachment by acyl chlorides to include antimicrobial 2-decenoic acid. Synthesis of 2-decenoyl chloride was followed by acylation of electrospun chitosan membranes in pyridine. Physicochemical properties were characterized through scanning electron microscopy, FTIR, contact angle, and thermogravimetric analysis. The ability of membranes to resist biofilm formation by S. aureus and P. aeruginosa was evaluated by direct inoculation. Cytocompatibility was evaluated by adding membranes to cultures of NIH3T3 fibroblast cells. Acylation with chlorides stabilized nanofibers in aqueous media without significant swelling of fibers and increased hydrophobicity of the membranes. Acyl-modified membranes reduced both S. aureus and P. aeruginosa bacterial biofilm formation on membrane while also supporting fibroblast growth. Acylated chitosan membranes may be useful as wound dressings, guided regeneration scaffolds, local drug delivery, or filtration.  相似文献   

壳聚糖在农药领域中的应用和前景   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

李浙江  王金信  连玉朱  王利平  刘伟 《农药科学与管理》2005,26(6):28-32

壳聚糖是一种用途十分广泛的具有生物活性的高分子化合物。本文论述了壳聚糖在农药领域的应用和应用前景。  相似文献   

饲料中添加壳寡糖和霉菌毒素吸附剂对凡纳滨对虾肠道黏膜形态及菌群结构的影响     

黄钦成  谭北平  董晓慧  章双  杨奇慧  迟淑艳 《中国水产科学》2018,25(2):373-383

实验旨在研究在饲料中分别或联合添加壳寡糖(chitosan oligosaccharide,COS)和霉菌毒素吸附剂(mycotoxins adsorbent)对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)肠道黏膜形态及菌群结构的影响。在基础饲料(对照组)中分别添加250 mg/kg COS、2500 mg/kg霉菌毒素吸附剂、250 mg COS+2500 mg/kg霉菌毒素吸附剂(组号为C0、C0.25、M2.5、C0.25+M2.5),制成4组等氮等能饲料,投喂初重(0.23±0.02)g的凡纳滨对虾8周。结果显示:COS与霉菌毒素吸附剂联合使用有助于改善肠道形态学指标,C0.25+M2.5组绒毛高显著大于C0、C0.25组(P0.05),绒毛宽显著大于M2.5组(P0.05),肌层厚度显著大于其他各组(P0.05)。高通量测序结果表明各组有效操作分类单元(Operational Taxonomic Unit,OTUs)数目无显著性差异(P0.05);C0.25+M2.5组Observed species指数、Shannon指数、PD值显著低于M2.5组(P0.05),但显著高于C0.25组(P0.05),与C0组无显著性差异(P0.05);肠道菌群主要为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes),C0.25+M2.5组变形菌门细菌含量最低且厚壁菌门细菌含量最高,各组拟杆菌门细菌均升高,C0组含量最低。在属水平上,弧菌属(Vibrio)、假交替单胞菌属(Pseudoalteromonas)、Spongiimonas、发光杆菌属(Photobacterium)以及Candidatus Bacilloplasma占主要优势,C0.25+M2.5组弧菌属、发光杆菌属细菌含量均有效减少;C0.25+M2.5组发光杆菌属细菌含量最低,假交替单胞菌属细菌含量最高。250 mg/kg COS和2500 mg/kg霉菌毒素吸附剂联合添加对菌群丰富度无显著影响,但优化了肠道形态学指标及肠道菌群结构,提升了肠道健康,效果优于单一添加组。  相似文献   

Termiticidal activity of chitosan against the subterranean termites Reticulitermes flavipes and Reticulitermes virginicus          下载免费PDF全文

Olanrewaju Raji  Juliet D Tang  Telmah Telmadarrehei  Dragica Jeremic 《Pest management science》2018,74(7):1704-1710

  相似文献   

日粮添加壳聚糖对鹅生长性能、血脂及脂代谢相关基因表达的影响     

盛东峰  赵悦  胥蕾  杨海明  王杏龙  王志跃 《中国农业大学学报》2018,23(4):60-68

为研究日粮中添加不同剂量的壳聚糖对肉仔鹅生长性能、血脂成分、肝脏脂代谢关键酶及其mRNA表达的影响,探讨壳聚糖调控鹅脂质代谢的机理。选取14日龄扬州鹅公仔鹅360只,随机分为5组各6个重复,每个重复12只。即基础饲粮组(对照组,C),基础饲粮+250 mg/kg(Ⅰ),基础饲粮+500 mg/kg(Ⅱ)、基础饲粮+1 000mg/kg(Ⅲ)及基础饲粮+2 000mg/kg(Ⅳ)壳聚糖组,试验期56d。结果表明:1)饲粮中添加250和500mg/kg的壳聚糖均能显著提高试验鹅日采食量(ADFI)、日增重(ADG)及70日龄体重(P0.05);2)在250~1 000mg/kg范围内,和对照组相比,试验组血清总胆固醇(TC)及低密度脂蛋白(LDL)浓度显著降低(P0.05);不同处理组间血清甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)差异不显著(P0.05);3)饲粮中添加250和500mg/kg的壳聚糖能够显著降低肝脏乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC)活性,并抑制ACC和脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)mRNA的表达(P0.05)。试验鹅肝脏过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α(PPAR-α)mRNA表达水平随着壳聚糖水平提高,显著上调;4)在250~2 000mg/kg范围内,壳聚糖添加量不影响试验鹅肝脏FAS及LPL活性(P0.05)。但500和1 000mg/kg壳聚糖能显著降低其肝脏HL活性。综上所述,壳聚糖能够通过影响肝脏脂肪代谢酶活性及脂代谢相关基因的表达,调控试验鹅血脂代谢,提高其生长性能,添加量以250~500mg/kg效果最佳。  相似文献   

肉桂精油壳聚糖纳米粒在冷却肉保藏中的应用   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘占东  李璐  全国芬 《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,44(5):193-199

【目的】制备肉桂精油壳聚糖纳米粒,以扩大肉桂精油(CEO)在冷却肉保鲜中的应用范围,克服其易挥发的缺陷。【方法】采用离子凝胶法制备肉桂精油壳聚糖纳米粒。通过透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)对肉桂精油壳聚糖纳米粒的形态进行表征,测定其包封率。分别配制质量分数为3%和6%的肉桂精油壳聚糖纳米粒保鲜剂(CEO质量分数分别为0.2%和1.0%),用其处理冷却猪肉,检测其对肉样色泽(L值、a*值、b*值)、TBARS值、pH和菌落总数的影响。【结果】制备的肉桂精油壳聚糖纳米粒颗粒大小均匀、形态饱满、呈规则球形,冻干后形态仍较为均匀,包封率为(37.5±2.1)%。通过对冷却肉色泽、TBARS值、pH及菌落总数的分析得知,包埋质量分数1.0%肉桂精油的肉桂精油壳聚糖纳米粒试验组的冷却肉在(4±0.5)℃时储藏期可达到6d。【结论】制备的肉桂精油壳聚糖纳米粒表征良好,可在一定程度上延长冷却肉的贮藏期。  相似文献