Further Studies on the Presence, Qualities and Effects of the Toxic Principles from Narthecium Ossifragum Plants     

A. Flåøyen  B. Bratberg  A. Frøslie  H. Grønstøl  W. Langseth  P.G. Mantle  A. Von Krogh 《Veterinary research communications》1997,21(2):137-148

Flåøyen, A., Bratberg, B., Frøslie, A., Grønstøl, H., Langseth, W., Mantle, P.G. and Von Krogh, A., 1997. Further studies on the presence, qualities and effects of the toxic principles from Narthecium ossifragum plants. Veterinary Research Communications, 21 (2), 137-148One calf was dosed during one day with an aqueous extract from 3.0 kg (wet weight) of Narthecium ossifragum and another was dosed on the same day with the insoluble plant residue. The concentrations of serum creatinine and magnesium increased only in the calf dosed with the aqueous extract, while the activity of glutamate dehydrogenase increased only in the serum of the calf dosed with the plant residue, so differentiating the nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic principles as water-soluble and water-insoluble compounds, respectively.One calf was dosed with 30 g (wet weight) N. ossifragum flower stems per kg live weight during one day and another was dosed with 30 g (wet weight) N. ossifragum leaves per kg live weight on the same day. The serum creatinine and urea concentrations and also the activities of glutamate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and -glutamyltransferase in the serum increased in the calf dosed with the flower stems, whereas there was only a slight temporary increase in the creatinine concentration in serum from the calf dosed with the leaves. However, histopathological examination of the kidneys of the calf dosed with the flower stems revealed severe tubular necrosis and degeneration. It therefore appears that both the toxic principles are present in the flower stems of N. ossifragum rather than in its leaves.The serum creatinine concentration was significantly increased in a non-ruminating calf dosed with an aqueous extract from 32 g (wet weight) N. ossifragum per kg liveweight during one day, showing the intrinsic nephrotoxicity of the plant.  相似文献   

铜中毒对雏鸡免疫功能影响的研究     

崔恒敏  杨光  彭西  邓俊良  黎得兵 《中国家禽》2005,9(Z1):148-152

180只1日龄艾维菌肉鸡健雏随机分为3组,分别喂以对照日粮(Cu 11.97 mg/kg)和铜中毒日粮(Cu 650 mg/kg,铜中毒Ⅰ组;Cu 850 mg/kg,铜中毒Ⅱ组)6周,观察铜中毒对免疫功能的影响.与对照组比较,两个铜中毒组雏鸡胸腺、脾脏和法氏囊的生长指数、淋巴细胞生长周期和外周血T淋巴细胞ANAE阳性率显著降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);病理组织学观察,淋巴免疫器官淋巴细胞显著减少并呈退性变.结果表明,铜中毒严重抑制淋巴免疫器官生长发育和外周血T淋巴细胞活化,并对淋巴免疫器官造成损伤,导致免疫功能下降.本中还就铜中毒对免疫功能的影响机理进行了讨论.  相似文献   

瑞香狼毒素对菜粉蝶幼虫的杀虫活性   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张可君  何义国  周俗  肖波  侯太平 《植物保护学报》2005,32(3):305-308

在本实验室前期工作中,发现生长于青藏高原的有毒植物瑞香狼毒对菜青虫具有较好的防治效果.采用微量点滴法研究瑞香狼毒素对菜青虫的触杀活性,以叶片夹毒法和灌喂法研究胃毒活性.在触杀活性试验中,72h的致死中量(LD50)为0.96μg/头,以6.25×103mg·L-1浓度的样品液2μL点滴试虫,即1.25×10μg/头处理组的72h校正死亡率为92.2%.在胃毒活性试验中,72h叶片夹毒法的致死中浓度(LC50)为3.82×103mg·L-1,5.00×104 mg·L-1浓度处理组校正死亡率为91.2%;72h灌喂法的LD50为3.80μg/头,以5.00×104mg·L-1浓度的样品液2μL灌喂试虫,即1.00×102μg/头的处理组的72h校正死亡率为96.8%.结果表明,瑞香狼毒素对菜青虫具有较好的触杀活性和一定的胃毒活性.  相似文献   

甲霜灵、福美以及其复配对辣椒疫病菌的毒力测定   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

夏烨  金焕贵等 《农药科学与管理》2002,23(1):26-28

室内恒温条件下，采用孢子囊萌发抑制法测定了甲霜灵、福美双及其复配对辣椒疫病的毒力，用Horsfall的毒力试验设计和Wadley的增效比率法评价了2种杀菌剂的联合作用。结果表明，EC50剂量甲霜灵与福美双混用表现增效作用，其中70：30混剂配比的增效比率为3.18。接种试验也证明其对辣椒疫病具有较好的防治作用。  相似文献   

紫茎泽兰提取物对棉蚜的毒力及其灭蚜机理研究   总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22  

王一丁  高平  郑勇  刘昆  刘世贵 《植物保护学报》2002,29(4):337-340

紫茎泽兰Eupatorium adenophorum提取物对棉蚜Aphis gossypii有很高的毒杀作用。紫茎泽兰乙醇总提物、其氯仿萃取物以及从氯仿萃取物中分离得到的紫茎泽兰素A对棉蚜无翅成蚜的致死中浓度(LC_(50)浸渍法)分别为167.9、224.7、362.8mg/L。试验表明,紫茎泽兰素A对棉蚜钠-钾-三磷酸腺苷酸酶(Na-K-ATPase)活性有明显的抑制作用。棉蚜经2.00mg/ml紫茎泽兰素A溶液处理12h后,其体内的Na-K-ATPase活性仅为对照组棉蚜Na-K-ATPase活性的21.60％。  相似文献   

Brunfelsia spp (yesterday, today, tomorrow) toxicity in four dogs     

Singh M  Cowan S  Child G 《Australian veterinary journal》2008,86(6):214-218

Four dogs were treated for acute toxicity following ingestion of the popular garden shrub 'Yesterday, today, tomorrow' (Brunfelsia spp). Clinical signs included vomiting, diarrhoea, muscle tremors, anxiousness, opisthotonus and seizures. All dogs recovered following treatment with any or all of general anaesthetic, gastric lavage, enema, diazepam, phenobarbitone or propofol sedation. Brunfelsia spp toxicity should be considered in young, previously healthy dogs presenting with gastrointestinal signs that rapidly progress to muscle tremors and seizures. Examination of faeces was required for diagnosis in all cases. Owners should also be questioned thoroughly about their dogs' access to such plants.  相似文献   

恩诺沙星对隆腺蚤(Daphnia Carinata)的急性活动抑制毒性测定   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

吴银宝  汪植三  廖新俤  陈杖榴  郑楠 《农业环境科学学报》2005,24(4):698-700

恩诺沙星是在畜禽养殖业中得到广泛应用的抗菌药物。以隆腺蚤(DaphniaCarinata)为试验对象,测定了恩诺沙星对隆腺蚤的急性毒性。结果表明,25℃时,24h恩诺沙星对隆腺蚤的最大不致死浓度为1μg·mL-1,使隆腺蚤全部死亡的最低浓度为120μg·mL-1;恩诺沙星在24h、48h时对隆腺蚤的EC50分别为34.03μg·mL-1和19.37μg·mL-1。48h时,恩诺沙星对隆腺蚤的LC50为25.86μg·mL-1。依据蚤类急性活动抑制毒性分级标准,恩诺沙星对于隆腺蚤属于中毒性化合物。  相似文献   

Absolute Structure Determination and Kv1.5 Ion Channel Inhibition Activities of New Debromoaplysiatoxin Analogues     

Sicheng Shen  Weiping Wang  Zijun Chen  Huihui Zhang  Yuchun Yang  Xiaoliang Wang  Peng Fu  Bingnan Han 《Marine drugs》2021,19(11)

Potassium channel Kv1.5 has been considered a key target for new treatments of atrial tachyarrhythmias, with few side effects. Four new debromoaplysiatoxin analogues with a 6/6/12 fused ring system were isolated from marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya sp. Their planar structures were elucidated by HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR. The absolute configuration of oscillatoxin J (1) was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and the absolute configurations of oscillatoxin K (2), oscillatoxin L (3) and oscillatoxin M (4) were confirmed on the basis of GIAO NMR shift calculation followed by DP4 analysis. The current study confirmed the absolute configuration of the pivotal chiral positions (7S, 9S, 10S, 11R, 12S, 15S, 29R and 30R) at traditional ATXs with 6/12/6 tricyclic ring system. Compound 1, 2 and 4 exhibited blocking activities against Kv1.5 with IC₅₀ values of 2.61 ± 0.91 µM, 3.86 ± 1.03 µM and 3.79 ± 1.01 µM, respectively. However, compound 3 exhibited a minimum effect on Kv1.5 at 10 µM. Furthermore, all of these new debromoaplysiatoxin analogs displayed no apparent activity in a brine shrimp toxicity assay.  相似文献   

MTT比色法在药物对鱼类细胞的毒性检测中的应用     

杨先乐  林茂  喻文娟  王翔凌  房文红 《上海水产大学学报》2007,16(2):157-161

MTT检测的OD值与细胞量之间呈显著的线性正相关（R^2〉0．96），能较好地反映活细胞密度。MTF的作用浓度及反应时间对此OD值均有较大影响，根据实验结果在细胞的MTT检测中，采用0．5mg／mL为MTT作用浓度，4h为反应时间。细胞接种量对最终的细胞活力有一定影响，根据实验结果在鱼类细胞毒性实验中，选取每孔2．0×10^4为最初接种量（初始密度为10^5cell／mL），对照SMMC7721细胞则选择每孔0．5×10^4细胞接种量（初始密度为2．5×10^4 cell／mL）。通过优化的MTT比色法检测抗生素和多环芳香烃等药物对细胞的毒性，药物的剂量一效应曲线以Logistic模型拟合，获得实验药物对不同细胞的半致死浓度IC50结果表明，多环芳香烃的毒性通常大于抗生素，研究还发现药物对CIK、GCL、PCK细胞的IC50显著高于SMMC7721细胞（P〈0．05）。  相似文献   

斜生四链藻对水中四环素的胁迫响应及去除作用     

杨俊  陈正杰  王海烽  谢正鑫  唐俊 《安徽农业大学学报》2023,50(2):289-296

四环素由于其低生物降解性和水溶性而在水环境中持续存在,对生态环境安全造成较高的潜在风险。为探讨水环境中残留的四环素与藻类的相互作用,以斜生四链藻为研究对象,考察了斜生四链藻对水中不同浓度四环素(0.5、1.0、1.5、2.5、4.0和6.0 mg·L^-1)的胁迫响应及去除作用。结果表明,各浓度四环素处理组均对斜生四链藻的生长产生抑制作用,最高抑制率达到了72.99%,四环素对斜生四链藻的半数效应质量浓度(96 h-EC50)和抑制效应为80%质量浓度(96 h-EC80)分别为2.46和6.9 mg·L^-1。在相同浓度四环素胁迫下,斜生四链藻的光合色素含量和Fv/Fm值呈现出和斜生四链藻细胞密度变化相同的趋势,与对照组相比,6.0 mg·L^-1浓度处理组中斜生四链藻的叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量在96 h的抑制率分别是87.32%、66.91%和87.58%,Fv/Fm值降幅达到了77.4%。在低、中、高浓度四环素(0.5、1.5和6.0 mg·L^-1)胁迫下暴露96 h,斜生四链藻的丙二醛(...  相似文献