秦艽根腐病的防治     

程远辉  侯志江  徐中志 《农业科学与技术》2014,(11):2039-2040

根腐病是影响秦艽产量的最主要病害,发病后会造成秦艽严重减产甚至绝收。笔者总结了秦艽根腐病的发生特点及各种防治技术,以期为广大药农提供指导。  相似文献   

Utilization of Fungi for the Biological Control of Insect Pests and Ganoderma Disease in the Indonesian Oil Palm Industry     

Hari Priwiratama  Agus Susanto 《农业科学与技术》2014,(2):103-111

Biological control is usually the first choice of control and prevention method for integrated pest management （IPM） strategies and has now been widely implemented by Indonesian oil palm plantations. Entomopathogenic fungus, i.e., Metarhizium anisopliae, Cordyceps militaris and Beauveria bassiana have been demonstrated to control renowned pests of oil palm. Metarhizium has been used to control Oryctes larvae and the mortality has ranged from 91.67% to 100% in laboratory and 7.4% to 88.75% in the field. Metarhizium has been applied in combination with a termite baiting system （TBS） to control termites in the field for preventive and curative action as well. In many oil palm plantations in Indonesia, Cordyceps has been used to reduce the field moth population ofSetothosea asigna. Application of Cordyceps within the oil palm circle was able to infect S. asigna pupae up to 80%. Meanwhile, Beauveria in an effervescent formulation was demonstrated to have better efficacy on Darna trima larvae. A significant finding on the biological control of basal stem rot disease （Ganoderma） was the isolation of Trichoderma sp. and Gliocladium sp.. The efficacy was conducted with promising result and techniques on the application of Triehoderma have been developed, i.e., hole-in-hole system, surgery and a mounding method. However, as the roots developed, Trichoderma was no longer able to protect the palm from Ganoderma. In spite of that, the use of Trichoderma still prolonged the life ofoil palms by up to 2-3 years. Another fungi belonging to vesicular arbuscular mychorrhiza （VAM） has been developed to control Ganoderma. The efficacy in the nursery showed promising results and the Ganoderma incidence remained low compared to the untreated control. Large scale field trials are ongoing. Challenges on the implementation of biological control in oil palm plantations are because of application and availability of biopesticides/natural enemies. Therefore, advances in research on the formulation of biological control agents are still needed.  相似文献   

Structure Design of Large-scale Sow House with Fermentation Bed     

Bo LlU  Zhaolong Ll  Jianglin LAN  Qinlou HUANG  Jianyang TANG  Wenquan YU  Huai SHl 《农业科学与技术》2014,(10):1819-1825

ln this research, the whole contact-type large-scale sow house with fer-mentation bed was designed. The planning area of the entire piggery was 5 700 m2 with workplace and green belts. The sow house was 93 m long and 33 m wide, a total of 3 069 m2, including office area of 60 m2 and aisle area of 107 m2. The fer-mentation bed had an area of 2 902 m2 with length of 88.7 m and width of 27.7 m. lts area accounted for 95% of the total area of sow house. The fermentation mattress had a depth of 80 cm, and had a volume of 2 321 m3, equivalent to 733 t of coconut chaff and rice chaff. On a large fermentation bed, the areas for boars, replacement gilts, pregnant sows, obstetric tables, nursery pigs, etc. were designed. The large-scale sow house with fermentation bed was equipped with the automatic feeding system, automatic sprinkler system, automatic positioning column for preg-nant sows, sows＇ obstetric table system, fanning wet curtain cooling system, video monitoring system, environmental monitoring （light, temperature, water, humidity, CO2, NH3） and automatic control system. Every farming area was equipped with feeding trough and water trough. The water though was fixed with overflow pipe for removing the extra water. The house could hold 500-head sows. Each sow occu-pied 4.9 m2 of the fermentation bed in average. The designed sow house had a maximum annual output of 10 000 piglets.  相似文献   

芋田斜纹夜蛾重发原因及防控措施     

陈桂芳 《现代农业科技》2014,(9)

分析了近年来清流县芋田斜纹夜蛾重发原因,并针对其发生与危害特点,提出加强测报工作、开展农业防治、诱杀防治及化学防治等治理防控措施,以供参考。  相似文献   

彩叶树种乌桕实生苗培育技术     

夏苏娟  ;李洪光  ;韩杰峰  ;赵明  ;赫春长 《安徽农学通报》2014,(16):110-111

乌桕是集观形、观叶、观果于一体的优良园林绿化树种,同时也是我国特有的重要工业用木本油料树种,经济价值极高。该文总结了乌桕实生苗培育技术,主要包括采种、育苗、病虫害防治等,为乌桕的推广种植提供一定参考。  相似文献   

柑橘病虫害绿色防控技术   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李燕辉  彭昌家  苟建华  李鸿韬 《安徽农学通报》2014,(23):77-80

介绍了检疫控制（包括严格执行检疫措施、新柑橘园选址须征询当地植保植检站或植物检疫站意见、建立检疫性和外来危险性有害生物监测点,及时抽样送检、切实搞好柑橘溃疡病的封锁控制）、农业防控（包括选用优良抗性砧木品种和无病毒苗木、科学修剪,改善通风条件、及早摘除橘树上大实蝇有虫果、冬、春清园、翻耕、保护利用天敌、加强栽培管理、果实套袋、主干刷白、适期采收）、物理防控（包括灯光诱杀、人工捕杀）、理化诱控（包括黄板诱杀、性诱剂诱杀、食诱剂诱杀）和科学用药等柑橘病虫害绿色防控技术及各项技术的适用范围。  相似文献   

控草和施肥对桉树生长影响的试验研究     

何金明 《安徽农学通报》2014,(13):115-118

为探索永安地区桉树速生丰产的营林抚育技术,通过采用随机组合,对2010年造林的巨桉桉树林设计了控草和施肥量不同的抚育组合：试验结果表明,对桉树林实行控草和施放肥料有利于促进林木生长,提高林分生物量和生产力;同时通过经济效益分析表明,在永安地区桉树林的最佳施肥量为底肥施放0.5kg桉树专用肥＋0.5kg钙镁磷（永安地区土壤缺磷元素）,当年追施一次0.25kg桉树专用肥,次年追施一次0.25kg桉树专用肥;控草方式以人工控草为主,有条件的林地实行化学除草,特别是五节芒等恶性杂草较多的山场优先考虑进行化学除草。  相似文献   

横峰县水稻病虫绿色防控技术示范推广及效益     

程奀莲  潘华  程牧  陈德智  龚建明  刘小珍 《安徽农学通报》2014,(11):80-81,93

横峰县主要示范推广的水稻病虫害绿色防控技术包括稻田耕沤灭螟技术;抗病、抗虫品种推广使用技术;生物农药防控病虫技术;灯光诱控害虫技术;性诱剂诱控技术;“三高三低”农药防治病虫害技术。采取的示范推广措施主要包括加强领导、技术培训和宣传、示范与推广相结合和确保项目实施经费的到位。项目实施以来,示范区水稻病虫为害损失率控制在5%以下,比非示范目区为害损失率降低2.5%~5.3%,平均降低3.9%,,示范区比非示范区每季每667m2防治次数减少1.5~2.5次,平均减少2次,节约防治成本15.32元,增收稻谷22.9kg,增收节支82.32元。2009-2013年全县累计推广面积4万hm2,增收稻谷1374万kg,增收节支4939.2万元,取得了显著的社会、经济和生态效益。  相似文献   

六种药剂防治杜仲夜蛾的田间药效试验     

戴丽霞  ;谢昌林  ;刘红昌  ;龙友华  ;吴小毛 《山地农业生物学报》2014,(5):25-27

为有效防治杜仲夜蛾,选用1.8%阿维菌素EC、25 g/L多杀霉素SC、茶核·苏云菌SC、300亿PIB/g甜菜夜蛾核型多角体病毒WG、20%氯虫苯甲酰胺SC和48%毒死蜱SC 6种药剂进行了田间试验。结果表明1.8%阿维菌素EC1500倍液、茶核·苏云菌SC1000倍液和20%氯虫苯甲酰胺SC4000倍液对杜仲夜蛾有较好的防治效果,施药后7 d的防效均达90%以上,显著优于其它药剂,具有推广价值。  相似文献   

物理农业技术在朝阳市的应用状况     

周伟艳 《农业机械化与电气化》2014,(7):77-78

为捉进在朝阳市的应用,以番茄、黄瓜、食用菌、水稻等为对象,采用对比试验的方法,探讨物理农业技术的应用效果。试验结果表明：物理技术具有提高产量、促进早熟、改善品质、减少化肥农药使用量的功效,是生产绿色农产品、无公害农产品的主要措施。  相似文献