Dietary phosphorus requirement of juvenile Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L.   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

T. Åsgård  & K. D. Shearer 《Aquaculture Nutrition》1997,3(1):17-23

The objective of this study was to determine the dietary phosphorus (P) requirement of juvenile Atlantic salmon, Salmon salar L. Triplicate groups of fish (mean initial weight 1.4 g) were fed semipurified, casein-gelatine-based diets containing one of five levels of P (4, 8, 10, 15 and 25 g kg⁻¹) from Ca(H₂PO₄)₂·H₂O, or a commercial feed (17 g kg⁻¹ P) for 9 weeks. Weight gains did not differ significantly among treatment groups fed the experimental diets but were slightly less than gains in fish fed the commercial feed. Feed efficiency (wet weight gain/dry feed consumed) was similar in all groups, averaging 1.45. Availability of dietary P, estimated from apparent retention and apparent digestibility, was 86%. Whole-body P concentrations declined in fish fed diets containing less than 10 g kg⁻¹ P. Fitting a logistic curve to dietary P vs. whole-body P concentrations indicated that a minimum of 11 g kg⁻¹ dietary P (9 g kg⁻¹ digestible P) was required by juvenile Atlantic salmon to maintain whole-body P concentrations at initial levels. Calculation of a dietary requirement using a simple factorial model which incorporated measurements of P availability, feed efficiency and normal whole-body P concentration indicated that the dietary requirement was approximately 10 g kg⁻¹. The dietary requirement established in this study (10–11 g kg⁻¹) is higher than previously reported for Atlantic salmon or other fishes. Possible reasons for the wide range of reported dietary P requirements in fishes are discussed.  相似文献   

Effects of varying dietary compositions using common feed ingredients on growth and feed efficiency of pond‐raised channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque)     

Menghe H Li  Edwin H Robinson  Brian G Bosworth  Daniel F Oberle  Penelope M Lucas 《Aquaculture Research》2010,41(8):1133-1139

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate various ingredient combinations in a 28% or 32% protein diet for optimum performance of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus. All diets contained soybean meal and corn, but with or without cottonseed meal, wheat middlings or fish meal (FM). Channel catfish fingerlings were stocked into 0.04 ha earthen ponds at 18 530 fish ha^?1. Fish were fed one of eight diets once daily to apparent satiation for two growing seasons. Results demonstrated that the dietary ingredient composition used had significant effects on fish performance, but magnitude of differences was relatively small. Overall, diets containing FM resulted in greater weight gain (Experiments 1 and 2) and lower feed conversion ratio (Experiment 1) than fish fed all‐plant diets. However, certain combinations of plant ingredients provided the similar fish growth as some diets containing FM. There were no significant differences in weight gain between fish fed soybean meal–corn or soybean meal–corn–wheat middlings‐based diets with cottonseed meal or FM. The use of wheat middlings in the diet had no significant effects on fish production characteristics.  相似文献   

可可膳食纤维的制备工艺及物理特性研究     

吴桂苹  魏来  房一明  赵建平  谷风林 《热带作物学报》2010,30(12):30-33

以可可果皮为原料，采用酸水解法提取水溶性膳食纤维和水不溶性膳食纤维。结果表明，可可水溶性膳食纤维的最佳提取工艺为：料液比为1∶30，水浴温度90℃，pH 2.0，提取时间30 min，得率为25.19%。可可膳食纤维总得率达57.99%，不溶性膳食纤维的持水力为5.23 g/g，溶胀性为11.42 mL/g。  相似文献   

日粮蛋白水平对生长牦牛血液中若干代谢激素和代谢物的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

韩兴泰  陈杰 《青海畜牧兽医杂志》1996,26(3):5-8

对３头生长阉牦牛在饲喂等能（９．６ＭＪＭＥ／ｋｇＤＭ）不同蛋白水平的日粮时的外周血液若干代谢激素和代谢物浓度进行测定。结果表明，日粮蛋白水平由８％升至１２％后，生长牦牛血清尿素氮浓度增加３９．０％，血糖水平升高６３．５％，血清胰岛素水平升高７６．３％，Ｔ３浓度降低２０．７％，Ｔ４浓度不变，皮质醇浓度则由２．０１μｇ／ｄｌ全部降到检测线以下。  相似文献   

不同饲料蛋白质水平对吉富品系尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼生长和鱼体组成的影响   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

胡国成  李思发  何学军  邓效伟  周培勇 《饲料工业》2006,27(6):24-27

用3种不同蛋白含量(23.1%、37.6%和47.9%)的配合饲料投喂吉富品系尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼78d,结果显示,①随着饲料蛋白质含量从23.1%上升到47.9%,平均日增重从0.30g/d上升到0.74g/d,3组之间的日增重和体重有显著差异(P<0.05);饲料系数从1.53下降为0.98,3组之间的饲料系数有显著差异(P<0.05)。②不同的蛋白质水平对鱼体蛋白质和脂肪的含量有影响,各组之间差异显著(P<0.05),对灰分的影响差异不显著(P>0.05)。③蛋白含量为23.1%、37.6%和47.9%的配合饲料的成本分别为2.77元/kg、3.67元/kg、4.60元/kg。④初步认为蛋白含量为37.6%的配合饲料更适合吉富品系尼罗罗非鱼苗种培育的生产需要。  相似文献   

Presumed lipid retinopathy in a diabetic dog     

Halenda RM  Moore CP 《Veterinary ophthalmology》1998,1(2-3):171-174

An eight-year-old neutered male diabetic Cardigan Welsh Corgi was presented for bilateral mature cataracts. Phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation were performed routinely, and recovery was uneventful for several months except for lipemic aqueous flare which gradually resolved during the postoperative period. Five months following surgery the owner presented the dog for decreased vision. White retinal deposits were visualized ophthalmoscopically. Serum analysis revealed that the dog was concurrently markedly hyperlipemic. The patient's diet was changed from a high- to a low-fat diet, following which diabetes control improved, hyperlipemia resolved, and the retinal deposits decreased markedly in size. The retinal deposits seen ophthalmoscopically are presumed to be lipid based upon their association with marked hyperlipemia, and the concurrent resolution of hyperlipemia and the fundic lesions.  相似文献   

德系安格拉毛用兔日粮最适营养水平探讨     

张宏福  马振凯 《中国兽医学报》1990,(3)

本试验选用德系安格拉成年毛用兔80只,研究了其日粮不同粗蛋白(CP)、含硫氨基酸(SAA)和粗纤维(CF)水平对产毛性能的影响。结果表明,日粮中CP水平以16%～18%为宜,过高的CP水平并不能提高产毛率和毛的质量;日粮中SAA水平以0.65%～0.85%为宜,日粮配方中添加一定量的蛋氨酸能显著提高产毛性能;日粮中CF水平以14%左右提高毛的产量和质量为最佳,过精的日粮不仅造成浪费,而且对产毛性能并没有好处。  相似文献   

可可活性成分的研究概况     

吴桂苹  刘红  赵建平 《热带作物学报》2009,29(3):51-55

概述可可中的多酚类化合物、脂类化合物、蛋白质及膳食纤维等的活性成分，及其分析方法与生理功能的研究现状。  相似文献   

阴离子饲粮对活体外瘤胃发酵特性和营养物质消化的影响     

张跃文  孟庆翔  刘庆平  许曾曾 《中国畜牧杂志》2006,42(21):34-37

应用双外流连续培养系统模拟瘤胃发酵,研究不同阴阳离子差(DCAD)水平的阴离子饲粮对活体外瘤胃发酵和营养物质消化率的影响。试验分2期进行,每期12个发酵罐,3个1组,分别投入4种不同DCAD水平的饲粮:+120-、9-、77-、145 mEq/kgDM,后3种饲粮通过添加阴离子添加剂降低DCAD。结果表明:①阴离子饲粮对瘤胃发酵pH值、氨态氮浓度、总挥发性脂肪酸浓度、主要挥发酸的摩尔比例均没有显著影响(P>0.2)。②对饲粮干物质、有机质、中性洗涤纤维、粗蛋白消化率没有显著影响(P>0.2)。③对瘤胃微生物合成效率没有显著影响(P>0.2)。试验结论为阴离子饲粮对活体外瘤胃发酵和饲粮营养物质消化率没有显著影响。  相似文献   

Effects of dietary energy level on lipid metabolism‐related gene expression in subcutaneous adipose tissue of Yellow breed × Simmental cattle          下载免费PDF全文

Haibo Zhang  Xiangfei Zhang  ZhiSheng Wang  Xianwen Dong  Cui Tan  Huawei Zou  Quanhui Peng  Bai Xue  Lizhi Wang  Guozhong Dong 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(4):392-400

This study was conducted to estimate the effect of dietary energy level on lipid metabolism‐related gene expression of subcutaneous adipose tissue in Yellow breed × Simmental cattle. The experiment was conducted for 60 days. The results showed that final weight, average daily gain, average backfat thickness, (testicles + kidney + pelvic) fat percentage and subcutaneous fat percentage in the high and medium energy groups were significantly higher than in the low‐energy group but that the feed conversion ratio was significantly lower. The glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, high‐density lipoprotein and low‐density lipoprotein in the high‐energy group were significantly higher than in the low‐energy group. With dietary energy increasing the activities of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), fatty acid synthase (FAS) and acetyl‐CoA carboxylase (ACC) significantly increased, whereas hormone‐sensitive lipase (HSL) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase‐1 (CPT‐1) significantly diminished. Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ (PPARγ), LPL, FAS, sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP‐1), ACC, stearoyl‐CoA desaturase (SCD) and adipocyte‐fatty acid binding proteins (A‐FABP) gene expression were significantly increased by dietary energy increasing, and HSL and CPT‐1 gene expression were significantly decreased. These results indicated that with dietary energy increasing, the subcutaneous fat accumulation mainly increased due to adipose tissue lipogenic gene expression and decreased lipolytic gene expression.  相似文献