水貂细小病毒性肠炎弱毒疫苗的研究     

吴威  聂金珍  程世鹏  吴玉林  牛景华  苗丽 《中国兽医学报》1992,(1)

用猫泛白细胞减少症病毒(FPV)弱毒作为制苗毒种,经CRFK细胞培养15代,使其滴度稳定在10~(5.0)～10~(5.0)TCID_(50)/0.03mL之间.经4代猫体返祖试验证明,该弱毒无返祖现象.10倍免疫剂量的水貂安全试验证明,该弱毒毒力稳定,对水貂无感染性.用FPV弱毒4～15代病毒研制成功的水貂肠炎弱毒疫苗,各项试验证明,该苗安全可靠,免疫剂量为10~(3.0)×1mL,免疫效果好,保护率在95%以上,免疫期6个月以上.  相似文献   

Chronic idiopathic inflammatory bowel diseases of the horse     

Schumacher J  Edwards JF  Cohen ND 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2000,14(3):258-265

A review of reported cases of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) of horses for which no etiology was identified included cases of granulomatous enteritis (GE), multisystemic eosinophilic epitheliotropic disease (MEED), lymphocytic-plasmacytic enterocolitis (LPE), and idiopathic eosinophilic enterocolitis (EC). The terms EC and MEED were both used to describe a disease in horses characterized by infiltration of intestine and extraintestinal tissues with eosinophils. We use EC to describe IBD characterized by only intestinal infiltration by eosinophils. Horses with GE, MEED, or LPE are usually examined because of weight loss and depression, but horses with EC are usually examined because of signs of abdominal pain. Typically, horses with IBD have low concentrations of serumal proteins, especially albumin, and fail to adequately absorb glucose or xylose. Antemortem diagnosis of IBD can only be made by histologic examination of affected intestine. In some cases, antemortem diagnosis is made from histologic examination of rectal mucosa obtained by biopsy. Suspected causes of IBD in the horse include abnormal immune response to bacterial, viral, parasitic, or dietary antigens. Most horses with IBD do not survive, but horses with EC are more likely than those with LPE, MEED, or GE to respond to treatment. Successful treatments of horses with IBD include resection of grossly affected intestine and administration of corticosteroids.  相似文献   

水貂肠炎病毒的提纯及部分生化特性分析     

王惠琛  崔青山 《中国兽医学报》1988,(3)

应用高速离心—PEG沉淀—蔗糖和氯化铯密度离心—氯化铯平衡密度梯度离心等方法,从水貂肠炎病毒猫肾细胞培养物中提纯病毒粒子。提纯的病毒粒子分为氯化铯浮密度为1.32～1.36g/ml的空壳病毒粒子和氯化铯浮密度为1.40～1.42g/ml的实心病毒粒子。应用SDS—PAGE分析,实心病毒粒子有结构蛋白3种,(VP_1,VP_2、VP_3),空壳病毒粒子有2种(VP_1、VP_2);从第5d培养物中提纯的实心粒子的VP_3含量少于第7d培养物的量。从第7d培养物中提纯的实心病毒粒子经尿素、NP_(40)、TritonX—100裂解后,在薄层聚丙烯酰胺等电聚焦电泳中出现4条蛋白带。从感染48h的细胞培养物中提取到水貂肠炎病毒线状双股复制型DNA(RF—DNA)。通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳测定,该RF—DNA大约有5000个硷基对。经限制性内切酶分析,RF—DNA有2个HindⅢ酶切点,1个PstⅠ酶切点和1个ECoRⅠ酶切点。  相似文献   

A study of cytopathic rotavirus strains isolated from calves with acute enteritis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

G Castrucci  M Ferrari  F Frigeri  V Cilli  G Donelli  G Angelillo  M Bruggi 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》1983,6(3):253-264

Nine cytopathic bovine rotavirus strains were isolated in MA-104 cell cultures from fecal specimens of dairy calves suffering from diarrhea. Isolation of the virus was accomplished from three outbreaks which occurred on dairy farms located in Central and Southern Italy. Fecal suspensions were treated with a high concentration (1000 micrograms/ml) of trypsin, and inoculated into MA-104 cell cultures grown out in Eagle's minimum essential medium (MEM) containing 5 micrograms/ml of the enzyme. Cytopathic effects (CPE), characterized by intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies of different sizes and shapes, were observed on the 1st passage with five of the strains and on the 2nd (2 strains) or the 3rd (2 strains) passage for the others. The presence of trypsin and the use of MA-104 cells appeared to be essential for the occurrence of CPE, inasmuch as no CPE was detected when trypsin was omitted in the MA-104 cell system. Replication failed to occur when primary bovine embryo kidney cell cultures with or without trypsin were used. Electron microscopy revealed the presence of particles with a typical rotavirus morphology. In MA-104 cells, the titre of virus reached its maximum 48 hr after inoculation. Small, clear-cut plaques were produced by the isolates in MA-104 cells under the overlay of MEM containing carboxymethyl cellulose, trypsin and DEAE-dextran. The nine rotavirus strains were antigenically related, whereas the relationship to either the Nebraska or the Compton rotaviruses was quite weak.  相似文献   

猪增生性肠炎研究进展   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11  

俞道进 《动物医学进展》2001,22(3):24-27

猪增生性肠炎是由细胞内劳森菌引起的猪的接触性传染病。它主要发生在6－20周龄的生长肥育猪，临床主要表现为间歇性下痢、食欲下降和生长缓慢等。显微变化以回肠和结肠隐窝内未成熟的肠细胞发生腺瘤样增生为特征。该病目前已经在全世界流行，造成巨大的危害。由于病原认识上的混乱以及诊断上的困难等原因，该病并未引起国内兽医界的充分重视。本文综述了猪增生性肠炎研究的现状，对其病原学、流行病学、临床症状、病理变化、诊断、综合防制等进行介绍。  相似文献   

水貂病毒性肠炎无血清细胞培养灭活疫苗的临床免疫力观测研究     

张德礼 《畜牧兽医学报》1991,(4)

本研究证明,5周龄以上的无MEV健康貂、MEV隐性感染貂、MVE症状典型貂均可按种水貂病毒性肠炎无血清细胞培养灭活疫苗,适宜免疫程序为皮下或肌肉注射1ml。7万多只份MEV矿油苗和700多万只份MEV铝胶苗接种野外水貂、貉子和狐狸的临床免疫预防和紧急控制效力观测结果表明,两种佐剂MEV疫苗的免疫效力等同,不同效价(HA64~x—8192~x或TCID_(50)Log~(7.6～9.7))MEV疫苗的免疫产生期为3～10天,免疫期不低于6～12个月,2～8℃保存期不低于9个月,免疫保护率达100％。效价为HA64~x或TCID_(50)Log_(10)~(7.6)的MEV疫苗接种水貂后20～40天的血清HI抗体效价均值约为32~x,达此标准疫苗的免疫产生期为7～10天,免疫期为12个月,保存期为9个月,保护率为100％。  相似文献   

鸭病毒性肠炎病毒强毒在人工感染鸭体内形态结构和发生学的电镜观察     

袁桂萍  程安春  汪铭书  周毅  刘菲  韩晓英  郭宇飞  廖永洪  徐超  文明  贾仁勇  周伟光  陈孝跃 《畜牧兽医学报》2005,36(5):486-491

为研究鸭病毒性肠炎病毒(DEV)CH强毒株在感染鸭体内的分布和形态学发生规律，应用透射电镜和超薄切片技术对人工感染DEV的成年鸭各组织器官进行观察。结果表明：感染后12h在脾脏和法氏囊首先观察到少量的DEV出现，24h后在脾、胸腺和法氏囊以及死亡鸭的肝、肠和胰中均观察到具有典型的疱疹病毒粒子及其核衣壳形态的DEV。DEV病毒核衣壳有空心型、致密核心型、双环型和内壁附有颗粒型4种形态，存在胞核和胞浆两种装配方式。病毒成熟有两种方式：一为细胞核内核衣壳在核内获得皮层，通过核内膜获得囊膜成为成熟病毒；二为核内核衣壳通过内外核膜进入胞浆，核内和胞浆内的核衣壳在细胞浆中获得皮层，然后在各种质膜上获得囊膜，最后成熟病毒通过细胞破裂或其他方式释放到细胞外。伴随着病毒的复制、装配和成熟，细胞中出现多种核内和胞浆包涵体、核内致密颗粒、核内微管和中空短管、胞浆电子致密小体等结构。  相似文献   

A history of canine parvovirus in Australia: what can we learn?     

M Kelman  JM Norris  VR Barrs  MP Ward 《Australian veterinary journal》2020,98(10):504-510

Canine parvovirus (CPV) has been reported throughout the world since the late 1970s. Published information was reviewed to draw insights into the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and outcomes of CPV disease in Australia and the role of scientific research on CPV occurrence, with key research discoveries and knowledge gaps identified. Australian researchers contributed substantially to early findings, including the first reported cases of parvoviral myocarditis, investigations into disease aetiopathogenesis, host and environmental risk factors and links between CPV and feline panleukopenia. Two of the world's first CPV serological surveys were conducted in Australia and a 1980 national veterinary survey of Australian and New Zealand dogs revealed 6824 suspected CPV cases and 1058 deaths. In 2010, an Australian national disease surveillance system was launched; 4940 CPV cases were reported between 2009 and 2014, although underreporting was likely. A 2017 study estimated national incidence to be 4.12 cases per 1000 dogs, and an annual case load of 20,110 based on 4219 CPV case reports in a survey of all Australian veterinary clinics, with a 23.5% response rate. CPV disease risk factors identified included socioeconomic disadvantage, geographical location (rural/remote), season (summer) and rainfall (recent rain and longer dry periods both increasing risk). Age <16 weeks was identified as a risk factor for vaccination failure. Important knowledge gaps exist regarding national canine and feline demographic and CPV case data, vaccination coverage and population immunity, CPV transmission between owned dogs and other carnivore populations in Australia and the most effective methods to control epizootics.  相似文献   

Retrospective evaluation of the association between hyponatremia and neurological dysfunction in hospitalized foals (2012‐2016): 109 cases     

Bettina Dunkel  Fiona Dodson  Yu‐Mei Chang  Nathan Marc Slovis 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2020,30(1):66-73

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Over-processed meat and bone meal and phytase effects on broilers challenged with subclinical necrotic enteritis: Part 3. Bone mineralization and litter quality     

Holy K. Zanu  Sarbast K. Kheravii  Natalie K. Morgan  Michael R. Bedford  Robert A. Swick 《动物营养（英文）》2021,7(1):142

This study was conducted to determine the effect of necrotic enteritis (NE), phytase level and meat and bone meal (MBM) processing on bone mineralization of broilers and litter quality. Ross 308 male broiler chicks (n = 768) were allotted to 48 pens with 16 birds each. There were 8 dietary treatments in a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Factors were NE challenge (no or yes), phytase level (500 or 5,000 FTU/kg), and MBM (as-received or over-processed). Half of the birds were challenged with field strains of Eimeria spp. at d 9 and 10⁸ CFU per mL of Clostridium perfringens strain EHE-NE18 on d 14 and 15. The middle toe, tibia and femur of 2 birds per pen were excised at d 16 and 29 for determination of ash, breaking strength (BS) and bone mineralization. At d 42, all were assessed for hock burns and litter was scored and assessed for dry matter (DM). At d 16, challenged birds had lower toe ash (P < 0.01), femur ash (P < 0.001), tibia ash (P < 0.001) and tibial BS (P < 0.001) than unchallenged birds. At d 16, challenged birds fed high phytase and over-processed MBM had higher toe Mn than those fed low phytase and as-received MBM. At d 29 unchallenged birds fed high phytase and as-received MBM had a higher toe Mn than those fed over-processed MBM. At d 16, a phytase × MBM interaction was detected for femur Zn concentration (P < 0.05), where a higher level of Zn was observed in the high phytase group fed over-processed MBM. At d 16, tibial Ca (P < 0.05) and P (P < 0.05) were lower in the challenged whereas the femur K (P < 0.001), Mn (P < 0.01) and Na (P < 0.001) were higher in the challenged at d 16. At d 42, challenged birds had higher litter DM (P = 0.058) and fewer hock burns than those unchallenged (P < 0.05). In conclusion, NE impaired bone traits but high phytase and over-processed MBM increased bone mineral contents. Cases of hock burns may be lower under NE incidences due to lower livability of birds reducing litter wetness.  相似文献