Calf Diseases and Mortality in Swedish Dairy Herds     

S.-O. Olsson  S. Viring  U. Emanuelsson  S.-O. Jacobsson 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》1993,34(3):263

Olsson, S.-O., S. Viring, U. Emanuelson and S.-O. Jacobsson: Calf diseases and mortality in Swedish dairy herds. Acta vet. Scand. 1993,34, 263-269.– A survey of the mortality and morbidity affecting calves during the first 3 months of life was carried out. Results are reported from 131 herds with altogether 5,050 calvings. These herds kept individual calf cards for all calves born. The incidences of abortions and stillborn calves were 0.6% and 3.6%, respectively. During the period 0-90 days the mortality and morbidity were 2.6% and 11.0%, respectively. The frequencies of enteritis and pneumonia in calves were 7.2% and 0.8%. Mortality and morbidity were influenced by breed, season, age of the dam and time of first colostrum. The frequencies of abortions, stillborn calves, mortality and morbidity varied considerably between herds. Herd factors influencing mortality and morbidity during different periods of time were: herd size, yield, zero-grazing, whether the calf was allowed to feed by suckling, the design of the calf pens, and previous incidence of infectious enteritis in the herd. On average, both mortality and morbidity in calves were low, though in certain herds, temporarily high frequencies were registered.  相似文献   

Effects of epidermal growth factor on atrophic enteritis in piglets induced by experimental porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus     

Jung K  Kang BK  Kim JY  Shin KS  Lee CS  Song DS 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2008,177(2):231-235

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) promotes gastrointestinal mucosal recovery by stimulating the mitogenic activity of intestinal crypt epithelial cells. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of EGF on atrophic enteritis induced in piglets by experimental infection with porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) strain Dr13. Two groups of 12 conventional, colostrum-deprived, 1-day-old, large White-Duroc cross breed piglets were inoculated orally with PEDV (3 x 10(5) 50% tissue culture infective doses), with or without EGF (10 microg/kg/day, intraperitoneally once daily for 4 days after infection) and compared to 12 uninfected, untreated control piglets. PEDV+EGF piglets had less severe clinical signs than PEDV only piglets at 48 and 60 h post-infection (hpi). Histologically, the ratio of villous height:crypt depth of PEDV+EGF piglets was significantly higher than PEDV only piglets at 36 and 48 hpi. Immunohistochemistry for Ki67 demonstrated increased proliferation in intestinal crypt epithelial cells of PEDV+EGF piglets compared to PEDV only piglets at 36, 48 and 60 hpi. EGF stimulates proliferation of intestinal crypt epithelial cells and promotes recovery from atrophic enteritis in PEDV-infected piglets.  相似文献   

鸭坏死性肠炎与球虫病混合感染的诊断报告     

高桂明  高晓隽  朱素芬 《北京农业》2010,(24)

鸭坏死性肠炎是由魏氏梭菌引起的一种急性传染病,鸭球虫病是鸭常见且危害十分严重的寄生虫病。这2种病一年四季均可发生,以夏秋季多发。一旦发生鸭群危害甚大,如果2种病混合感染,造成的经济损失就更惨重。一般发生于地面散养的雏鸭,成鸭也有发生。鸭舍场地潮湿、寒冷、遇有阴雨天,污水排除困难,鸭误食误饮不卫生的饲料、废水是本病发生的主要诱因。主要症状就是食欲减少、拉稀、排暗红色或暗黑色混有黏液的恶臭粪便。剖检以小肠中后段的充气、弥散性出血肿胀,后期发展为纤维素性坏死性肠炎,肠黏膜留有圆形白色、红色坏死点为特征。  相似文献   

Ketoconazole in the treatment of dermatomycosis in cats and dogs     

H. De Keyser  M. Van den Brande 《The Veterinary quarterly》2013,33(3):142-144

Ketoconazole (Nizoral^®, Janssen Pharmaceutica) a new systemic antimycotic was tested in dermatomycosis in cats and dogs. The daily dose (10 mg/kg body weight) was administered for 10 or 20 days without any other measures being taken. After the 20‐day treatments new hair growth was observed in 96.7 per cent of the cats and 89.9 percent of the dogs. Clinical cure was complete in 96.8 per cent of the cats and 90.5 per cent of the dogs.

Particularly the good tolerance in the cat was appreciated. There were practically no side‐effects in dogs (except vomiting in two pups) or in cats.  相似文献   

水貂肠炎病毒分子检测技术与基因工程疫苗研究进展     

王建科  程世鹏  闫喜军  吴威 《动物医学进展》2008,29(10)

水貂肠炎病毒（MEV）是一种自主复制性的最小的动物DNA病毒。研究表明，MEV是引起水貂病毒性肠炎的病原体，能够引起水貂剧烈腹泻，具有较高的发病率和死亡率。随着对水貂肠炎病毒研究的不断深入，目前已经在病毒病原学、结构与非结构蛋白、感染机制、诊断与疫苗防控等方面取得很大进展。文章主要针对MEV分子检测新技术与基因工程疫苗等方面进行了综述。  相似文献   

复方鱼用中药整肠颗粒的制备及其性能   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

孙武  李宇翔  谢勇平  黄志坚  李清禄 《福建农林大学学报(自然科学版)》2014,43(4)

用中药材黄柏、黄连、秦皮和白头翁提取物制备了复方鱼用中药整肠颗粒,建立了产品有效成分含量的测定方法,研究了产品的稳定性、安全性和临床应用的有效性.结果表明,利用高效液相色谱法对复方鱼用中药整肠颗粒中主要抑菌活性成分盐酸小檗碱的含量进行检测,其精密度、稳定性、重复性和加样回收率均较好.产品室温留样观察24个月,样品性状、含量等各项指标均无明显变化,稳定性良好.产品对日本鳗鱼、甲鱼、黄鳝和南美白对虾混饲喂服的安全浓度均大于3 g·kg-1;对胃肠炎常见致病菌——肠型点状气单胞菌、鳗弧菌和嗜水气单胞菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)均为0.625μg·mL-1,温和气单胞菌的MIC为1.25μg·mL-1.药效试验结果表明,对草鱼因细菌感染产生的急、慢性肠炎,每公斤饲料添加药物2-3 g,连续5-7 d进行治疗,药物平均保护率在45.2%左右.  相似文献   

L．fermentum1．2029对坏死性肠炎肉鸡回肠上皮紧密连接蛋白表达的影响     

曹力  杨小军  刘南南  李宗军  孙菲菲  武晓红  姚军虎 《兽医大学学报》2014,(1):127-130

将240只AA肉鸡随机分为3个处理组：对照组、坏死性肠炎（Necrotic enteritis,NE）模型组及乳酸杆菌处理组。28日龄,每组屠宰24只鸡,对各组肉鸡肠道损伤进行肉眼评分,并采集回肠黏膜样本分别用于电镜下形态观察和Real—timePCR检测紧密连接蛋白claudin-1和occludin的表达。结果显示,乳酸杆菌处理组降低了炎症的损伤程度（P〈0．05）;电子显微镜观察显示,乳酸杆菌处理组鸡回肠上皮微绒毛较NE模型组有改善;real—timePCR分析显示,乳酸杆菌处理组claudin-1和occludin的表达显著高于NE模型组（P〈0．05）,但与对照组没有差异。该试验结果表明,L．fermentum1．2029可降低NE的损伤程度,并能有效上调NE条件下claudin-1和occludin的表达,显示其具有保护肠道屏障功能的作用。  相似文献   

Replication kinetics of duck virus enteritis vaccine virus in ducklings immunized by the mucosal or systemic route using real-time quantitative PCR     

Qi X  Yang X  Cheng A  Wang M  Guo Y  Jia R 《Research in veterinary science》2009,86(1):63-1923

A chicken embryo-adapted duck enteritis virus (DEV) strain is the most widely used vaccine against duck virus enteritis (DVE) infection. The kinetics of attenuated DEV vaccine was examined in tissues of ducklings vaccinated by the mucosal or systemic route at 20 days of age and sampled regularly up to 60 days post-vaccination (p.v.). Significant numbers of virus genomes in the lymphoid and other parenchymatous organs were first detected at 60 min p.v., and subsequently rose to peak levels during 90 min to 1 day p.v. independent of the route of vaccine administration. The peak level of vaccine virus in the individual parenchymatous organs of subcutaneously immunized ducklings was significantly higher than that of orally or nasally immunized ducklings. The route of vaccine administration had significant effect on the initial tissue distribution of vaccine virus in respiratory and digestive tracts. Vaccine viruses spread to digestive tract and trachea tissues by mucosal route, i.e. oral and nasal administration, early than that by subcutaneous route. The rapid early increase of vaccine virus levels in all samples examined followed by a steady decline from 90 min to 6 days p.v. The real-time PCR analysis of a variety of tissues is significant for further investigation of the mechanism of vaccinal protection, and the optimization of vaccination regimes.  相似文献   

猪增生性肠炎检测技术研究进展   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

罗玲  艾地云  杨峻  王红琳 《畜牧与饲料科学》2009,30(4)

综述了猪增生性肠炎在免疫组化、细胞培养、血清学、分子生物学等检测技术方面的研究进展.  相似文献   

Responses of broiler chickens orally challenged with Clostridium perfringens isolated from field cases of necrotic enteritis     

Olkowski AA  Wojnarowicz C  Chirino-Trejo M  Drew MD 《Research in veterinary science》2006,81(1):99-108

The present study examines the responses of broiler chickens to oral administration of Clostridium perfringens freshly isolated from field cases of necrotic enteritis (NE). The challenge studies included long-term exposure and short-term exposure, factored in with dietary and management variables including high levels of dietary components such as fish meal, meat meal, abrupt change of feed, and fasting. In the long-term exposure trials, the birds were orally inoculated daily, with 1 ml (1.0 or 2 x 10(8) CFU/ml) of an overnight culture of C. perfringens for 7 days. Short-term exposure trials involved challenge with 1 ml (3 x 10(10) CFU/ml) administered as a single dose. The responses of broilers to orally administered C. perfingens under laboratory controlled conditions are presented and discussed in the context of authentic field cases of necrotic enteritis. None of the challenge trials produced overt clinical signs of NE and there were no mortalities associated with oral exposure to high doses of C. perfringens. However, many of the challenged birds showed distinctly pronounced pathological changes in the intestinal tissue. On gross examination the responses in birds challenged orally with C. perfringens could be placed into two categories: (1) no apparent pathological changes in the intestinal tissue and (2) sub-clinical inflammatory responses with focal, multi-focal, locally extensive, or disseminated distribution throughout various sections of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and ceca. In birds that responded with intestinal lesions, hyperemia and occasional hemorrhages were the main gross changes. In some birds, the mucosa was covered with a brownish material, but typically, the mucosa was lined by yellow or greenish, loosely adherent material. Mild gross changes were seen in some control birds, but both qualitatively and quantitatively, the lesions were distinctly more pronounced in the challenged birds. Upon histological examination, none of the experimentally exposed birds showed overt mucosal necrosis typical of field cases of NE, but typically the lamina propria was hyperemic and infiltrated with numerous inflammatory cells. Most significant changes were seen at the interface of the basal domain of enterocytes and lamina propria. Multifocally, these areas were extensively edematous, allowing for the substantial disturbance of the structural integrity between the lamina propria and the enterocytes. The lesions observed in the present study were consistently reproduced in all of our challenge trials, hence these responses may signify newly emerging patterns of sub-clinical enteric disorders in contemporary strains of poultry. The pathological changes observed in broilers challenged orally with C. perfringens in the present study, differ significantly from those reported previously, and must be clearly differentiated from those described in cases of NE or ulcerative enteritis. Although no overt necrosis of the intestinal mucosa typical of field cases of NE were observed in the present study, the birds challenged with C. perfringens showed strong inflammatory reaction to the introduced pathogens. The distinct features of the microscopic lesions were changes involving apparently normal enterocytes at the interface of the basal domain of villar epithelia and lamina propria. Although the pathological changes in the intestinal tissues observed in our trials appear to be rather subtle when compared to field cases of NE, the nature of these lesions suggest a significant negative effect on the digestive physiology of intestinal mucosa.  相似文献