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21.
M. R. Knox J. W. Steel D. N. Ali L. F. Le Jambre 《Veterinary research communications》1995,19(2):159-165
Plasma levels of fenbendazole (FBZ) and its sulphoxide (OFZ) and sulphone (FBZ.SO2) metabolites were measured in goats and sheep during low-level administration of FBZ given by intraruminal infusion or formulated into a urea-molasses feed supplement block (UMB). In experiment 1, 6 goats and 6 sheep were offered UMB containing 0.5 g FBZ/kg (MUMB) and individual block consumption was measured daily for 18 days. In experiment 2, some of the same animals (n=4 for each species) received FBZ by intraruminal infusion at 1, 1.5 and 3 mg/kg liveweight per day for 7 days at each dosage. FBZ, OFZ and FBZ.SO levels were determined in plasma collected every 3 days in experiment 1 and on days 4, 5 and26 of each infusion period in experiment 2. In both experiments, higher equilibrium levels were observed for the three metabolites in sheep than in goats. Significant linear relationships were observed between the daily FBZ dosages and the plasma levels of the three metabolites in both species. The regression coefficients were significantly higher in sheep than in goats for FBZ and OFZ but not for FBZ.SO2, and they were also significantly higher during MUMB administration than during infusion for all three metabolites in both species. FBZ is a suitable anthelmintic for incorporation into a MUMB formulation for use in livestock production systems where responses to molasses urea supplementation have been demonstrated and gastrointestinal parasitism impairs productivity. The results indicate that target dose rates for goats should be 0.75 mg/kg per day compared with 0.5 mg/kg per day for sheep.Abbreviations ANOVA
analysis of variance
- FBZ
fenbendazole
- FBZ.SO2
fenbendazole sulphone
- HPLC
high-performance liquid chromatography
- MUMB
urea-molasses feed supplement block containing 0.5 g fenbendazole/kg
- OFZ
fenbendazole sulphoxide
- UMB
urea-molasses feed supplment block 相似文献
22.
A trial using albendazole, albendazole plus rafoxanide combination, ivermectin and doramectin was conducted in Pashmina goats
having history of fenbendazole resistance to Haemonchus spp. and maintained at high altitude (>2350 m above sea level). Day 0 infection level was variable in different groups of
animals and their larval cultures indicated Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Ostertagia and Oesophagostomum spp. infection, in addition to Nematodirus spp. as observed in egg counts. Efficacy of drugs was calculated on day 14 post treatment by faecal egg count reduction test
(FECRT). Albendazole was least effective (14%) followed by its combination with rafoxanide (54%). However, ivermectin and
doramectin were 96% and 94% effective against gastrointestinal nematodes of Pashmina goats. It was concluded that use of albendazole
and its combination with rafoxanide are ineffective in controlling the nematodes of goats at this farm; hence, future use
must be avoided. However, regular monitoring of the efficacy of ivermectin and doramectin is needed. 相似文献
23.
Various parameter estimates were assessed at housing in calves that had been exposed to gastrointestinal nematodes during a first grazing season. The analysis involved 41 groups of first grazing season (FGS) calves on 15 different farms in Belgium and comprised groups that had received chemoprophylactic treatment and untreated controls. Serum pepsinogen levels gave the clearest division between chemoprophylactic-treated calf groups (all were <2.6 U tyr), and untreated calf groups in which sub-clinical (range: 2.0–4.1 U tyr) and clinical infections (range 3.7–6.3 U tyr) occurred. There was also a tight relationship between individual pepsinogen values and adult Ostertagia burdens obtained at slaughter. In chemoprophylactic-treated groups there was a significant negative relationship between mean serum pepsinogen levels at housing and the proportion of the grazing season covered by different chemoprophylactic systems. Although only limited data on crude adult Ostertagia antigen ELISA were available, a good relationship between optical densities and estimated exposure was also found. The parasitological parameters, faecal egg counts and pasture Ostertagia larval counts at housing, and weight gain per day, gave less clear divisions among the three categories (chemoprophylaxis, sub-clinical and clinical). Distinguishing how much exposure a calf group has experienced during a first grazing season could help in designing more appropriate control measures for the FGS calves in the next year, assuring good protection and at the same time allowing sufficient exposure for the development of acquired immunity to Ostertagia, and for this serum pepsinogen is recommended. 相似文献
24.
In the present study tactical fenbendazole treatments against ostertagiasis in calves were given at short intervals towards the end of the grazing season. This prevented clinical disease and had moderate effects on parasitic loads in animals that stayed on the same pasture throughout the season. The feasibility of tactical treatments is discussed in relation to various strategical control measures. 相似文献
25.
高效液相色谱法测定芬苯达唑原料中的有关物质 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用高效液相色谱法测定芬苯达唑原料中可能存在的2种杂质的含量.采用Inertsil ODS-3色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),以甲醇-水-冰醋酸(30∶70∶1,V/V)为流动相A和甲醇-水-冰醋酸 (70∶30∶1,V/V)为流动相B梯度洗脱,检测波长280 nm, 流速1.0 mL/min,进样量10μL.用归一化法计算原料中杂质的含量,与外标法结果比较无显著性差异. 相似文献
26.
The disposition kinetics of fenbendazole was studied in buffaloes subclinically infected with gastrointestinal nematodes. There was significantly reduced uptake of the drug in infected animals compared to uninfected controls. The pH of the duodenal liquor was highly alkaline compared to the acidic pH in uninfected animals. The egg count in the faeces never became zero though the numbers were reduced to a great extent compared to pre-treatment values. The influence of the host's physiology on the reduced bioavailability of fenbendazole is discussed.Abbreviations AUC
area under the concentration-time curve
-
C
max
peak concentration in plasma;
- e.p.g.
eggs per gram of faeces
- ETH-OFZ
ethyl oxfendazole
- FBZ
fenbendazole
- FBZ-SO2
fenbendazole sulphone
- FEC
faecal egg count
- HPLC
high-performance liquid chromatography
- OFZ
oxfendazole
-
T
1/2
half-life in plasma
-
T
max
time to peak concentration in plasma 相似文献
27.
Garcia-Llamazares JL Merino-Pelaez G Prieto-Fernandez JG Alvarez de Felipe AI 《Veterinary research communications》2002,26(1):55-59
Veterinary Research Communications - 相似文献
28.
Veterinary Research Communications - 相似文献
29.
P. K. Sanyal 《Veterinary research communications》1993,17(4):325-331
Fenbendazole (Hoechst India Ltd.) was incorporated at 0.5 g/kg into urea molasses blocks made by two different processes. The proportion of the drug remaining in the blocks and the plasma concentrations of the parent compound and its metabolites were measured. Recovery of the drug in blocks made by the cold and the modified hot processes was 90% and 96%, respectively. The plasma metabolite profile revealed a plateau between days 4 and 6 of feeding in cattle and buffalo. However, the plasma concentrations of fenbendazole and its metabolites were low in buffalo compared to cattle.Abbreviations HPLC
high-performance liquid chromatography
- MUMB
medicated urea molasses blocks
- UMB
urea-molasses block 相似文献
30.
《The Journal of Applied Poultry Research》2009,18(2):318-324
A field trial was conducted on a farm in Michigan with commercial turkeys naturally infected with Ascaridia dissimilis. The birds were treated at approximately 8 and 14 wk of age on a per-barn basis with fenbendazole (Safeguard) in the feed at 16 ppm for 6 d (1 barn), or with levamisole (Prohibit) in the water at 16 mg/kg of BW (2 barns). Six birds were obtained at random and sacrificed in each barn for worm burden determinations before treatments and again soon after treatments. Nematicidal efficacies for fenbendazole and levamisole were shown to be 99.3 to 99.9% and 54.6 to 85.8%, respectively. Despite the far greater reductions in worm burdens by fenbendazole as compared with levamisole, the burdens at the time of retreatment had equalized in all barns, illustrating the role of premunition regarding turkey ascaridiasis, and highlighting the overriding importance of reducing the challenge to provide long-term control of this parasitism. 相似文献