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101.
城市的发展建设是建设文明社会、和谐社会的重要组成部分。在人文精神的引导下,城市建设应朝着人与自然的和谐方向发展。然而现代城市中出现的各种视觉上的污染及其所造成的危害,却与我们所提倡发展城市人文精神,建立人文城市的内涵相违背。本文在分析了城市的硬环境和软环境存在的几个重要的视觉污染的基础上,提出了发展人文城市,杜绝城市污染源的几点建议。 相似文献
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Sanae ASANO Shoshichi IKEDA Yuzo KUROKAWA Shuhei KANDA Hisao ITABASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2007,78(1):28-33
To investigate seasonal variations in the digestive functions of sika deer, five female sika deer were provided with an amount of alfalfa hay cubes equivalent to voluntary food intake during winter. We measured the rate at which the food passed through the digestive tract, digestibility and rumen fermentation during the summer (August), autumn (November), winter (February) and spring (May). Total mean retention time in the digestive tract during summer and autumn was numerically longer than that in winter and spring, but the difference did not reach significance. Organic matter and fiber were less digestible in summer and autumn than in winter and spring (P < 0.05), whereas the digestibility of the dry matter tended to vary with the seasons (P < 0.1). Ruminal pH values seasonally changed (P < 0.01), and were the lowest in autumn. The concentration of ruminal ammonia‐nitrogen differed significantly among the seasons (P < 0.05), increasing in winter and decreasing during spring and summer. The numbers of protozoa changed significantly among the seasons (P < 0.05), being higher in autumn than in winter and spring, and intermediate in summer. The concentration of total volatile fatty acids was not seasonally affected, but the molar percentages of propionic acid and butyric acid significantly changed according to season (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively), and the ratio of acetic to propionic acid tended to change with the seasons (P < 0.1). The results of this study suggested that the digestive functions in sika deer, fed a commercial diet at a restricted level, differed notably among the seasons and these variations might partially be due to environmental effects. 相似文献
104.
Effects of amino nitrogen on fermentation parameters by mixed ruminal microbes when energy or nitrogen is limited 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hiroshi KAJIKAWA Kiyoshi TAJIMA Makoto MITSUMORI Akio TAKENAKA 《Animal Science Journal》2007,78(2):121-128
Ruminal microbes harvested from a ruminally fistulated cow were incubated in simple batch and semicontinuous cultures with NH3‐N or amino‐N on nitrogen‐ or energy‐excess diets in quantity (HN and LN diets, respectively, consisting of timothy hay plus soybean meal, or corn grain), based on evaluation with the National Research Council and Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System models. In a batch culture experiment, supplementation with amino‐N promoted digestion and fermentation in the course of incubation (4–24 h) on both diets, but these effects mostly disappeared when the diets were sufficiently digested (at 48 h). In a semicontinuous culture experiment using Rusitec, no effect of amino‐N was exhibited after sufficient fermentation and digestion, but significant promotion of digestion was shown in the course of incubation on the HN diet, while no such effect was detected on the LN diet. The microbial yield for 24 h did not show a significant difference between the N sources of either of the two diets. These results suggest that the stimulatory effects of amino‐N are diminished when the diets are sufficiently digested after a long retention and incubation, and also that the effectiveness of amino‐N does not require a quantitatively energy‐excess status. 相似文献
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菊粉体外培养猪鲜粪对其微生物数量的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过体外培养法探讨菊粉对猪鲜粪培养物pH和其中微生物数量的影响。试验设计0、1、2、4、6和8g/L6个菊粉水平分别进行体外厌氧培养生长猪鲜粪,24h后测定培养基pH、大肠杆菌、乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌和总细菌数量的变化。结果表明,随着菊粉添加水平的增加,培养物pH和大肠杆菌数直线下降(P〈O.001),而乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌以及总细菌数则直线上升(P〈0.01或P=0.059)。提示菊粉可促进猪鲜粪培养物中乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌的增殖,抑制大肠杆菌的滋长,从而使总细菌数增加,pH下降,并具有剂量应答关系。 相似文献
108.
将70%棉仁饼和30%菜籽饼混合发酵后制成饼粕发酵蛋白, 完全取代蛋鸡饲料配方中的豆饼或鱼粉进行蛋鸡饲喂试验。结果表明:在基础日粮中添加饼粕发酵蛋白分别替代豆饼和鱼粉后,平均产蛋率试验组比对照组分别降低了2.22%和2.21%,平均蛋重分别增加了2.31和2.03 g,投入产出比较对照组分别提高了3.6%和1.68%。 相似文献
109.
为研究纤维素酶和乳酸菌制剂以及尿素对小麦秸黄贮饲料品质的影响,分别设不同的处理组及对照进行小麦秸黄贮饲料的发酵试验。实验Ⅰ结果表明:尿素单独添加、尿素和纤维素酶混合添加显著提高粗蛋白的含量,尿素和乳酸菌制剂、以及尿素与乳酸菌制剂和纤维素酶混合添加都不能得到品质较好的小麦秸黄贮饲料。实验Ⅱ结果表明:各添加剂处理均显著降低黄贮饲料的pH值和中性洗涤纤维含量(P<0.05),显著提高乳酸、总酸和粗蛋白含量(P<0.05);添加剂处理能够明显改善小麦秸黄贮饲料的发酵品质,提高小麦秸的饲用价值。纤维素酶和乳酸菌制剂同时添加时,小麦秸黄贮饲料品质最好。 相似文献
110.