福建柳杉毛虫的七种寄生蝇形态记述和生物学   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

梁光红  林浩宇  卢赐鼎  韩小红  华银  黄信金  谢作贵  张飞萍  张春田 《植物保护》2018,44(6):177-184

柳杉毛虫是一种严重为害柳杉的食叶害虫,探明柳杉毛虫的寄生蝇种类,将为该虫优势天敌的筛选提供更多的选择。本研究从野外采集柳杉毛虫幼虫并带回室内饲养,出蛆化蛹,羽化获得不同种类的寄生蝇。对获得的寄生蝇进行分类、鉴定,并描述其系统分类地位、形态特征、地理分布及寄主。调查发现,柳杉毛虫的寄生蝇由多到少依次为蚕饰腹寄蝇Blepharipa zebina(Walker),瘦钩鬃麻蝇Sarcophaga(Sarcorohdendorfia)gracilior(Chen),黑角狭颊寄蝇Carcelia(s.str.)nigrantennata Chao et Liang,松毛虫狭颊寄蝇C.(s.str.)matsukarehae(Shima),星毛虫狭颊寄蝇C.(s.str.)illiberisi Chao et Liang,拟庸赘寄蝇Drino(Palexorista)inconspicuoides(Baranov),羚足鬃麻蝇S.(Sarcorohdendorfia)antilope B#x00F6;ttcher,共7种,其中蚕饰腹寄蝇、瘦钩鬃麻蝇、黑角狭颊寄蝇分布较广,种群数量较多,寄生率较高,分别为7.44%、7.37%、5.48%,被认为是优势种;且拟庸赘寄蝇为福建新分布记录;柳杉毛虫是黑角狭颊寄蝇、星毛虫狭颊寄蝇、拟庸赘寄蝇的新寄主;还发现2种重寄生蜂寄生于寄生蝇。记述柳杉毛虫的7种寄生蝇形态特征,有助于今后识别其天敌昆虫,研究害虫与天敌的种间关系,评价寄生蝇种群对维护柳杉林分生态系统稳定和防控柳杉毛虫的潜能,具有重要意义。  相似文献   

柑桔大食蝇防治     

杜德平 《北京农业》2011,(33):77

柑桔大食蝇疫情呈逐年加重趋势,由于其发生面积大,危害损失重,疫区果实不准外销,给果农造成了巨大的经济损失,已成为柑桔生产上的第一大虫害。  相似文献   

A newly devised electric field screen for avoidance and capture of cigarette beetles and vinegar flies     

Yoshinori MatsudaTeruo Nonomura  Koji KakutaniYoshihiro Takikawa  Junji KimbaraYoshihiro Kasaishi  Kazumi OsamuraShin-ichi Kusakari  Hideyoshi Toyoda 《Crop Protection》2011,30(2):155-162

A bifunctional electric field screen was proposed to physically exclude insect pests from warehouses. The screen consists of insulated iron wires (ICW) arranged in parallel and two earthed conductor nets placed on both sides of the ICW. A negative charge (0.1-8.0 kV) was applied to the insulated wires with a voltage generator to polarize an insulator sleeve used to cover the wire, negatively on the outer surface and positively on the inner conductor wire surface of the sleeve. The negative surface charge of the ICW caused an electrostatic induction in the earthed nets and an opposite charge on the net surfaces facing the ICW. An electric field formed in a space between the ICW and the earthed net, and the field strength increased in direct proportion to increasing voltages applied to the ICW. Adults of the test insects (cigarette beetle (Lasioderma serricorne) and vinegar fly (Drosophila melanogaster)) reaching the outer surface of the earthed net were deterred from entering the inside of the charged screen, whereas all insects immediately passed through the screen when the ICW was not charged. This avoidance was directly proportional to the increase in the voltage. In addition, the capability of the screen to capture insects that enter inside the screen was proven by introducing insects into the space between the ICW and the earthed net. Strong capture was observed when the ICW was negatively charged with more than 4.1 kV, under which conditions a short-term electric current (peaking at 0.3-0.6 μA, for 3 min) occurred transiently. This electric current was due to the release of electricity from the insects, giving a net overall positive charge to the insects, which therefore were attracted more strongly to the negatively charged ICW. A test using an attractant-set chamber showed that the insects were completely prevented from passing through the charged screen, in contrast to a rapid transfer of all insects when the screen was not charged. Thus, the present results show that the described screen is a promising physical tool for controlling insect pests in warehouses.  相似文献   

Identification of walnut husk (Juglans regia L.) volatiles and the behavioural response of the invasive Walnut Husk Fly,Rhagoletis completa Cresson          下载免费PDF全文

Landry Sarles  Antoine Boullis  Bérénice Fassotte  Georges Lognay  Agnès Verhaeghe  Frédéric Francis  François J Verheggen 《Pest management science》2017,73(10):2100-2104

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不同龄期果蝇DNA含量的检测与比较     

黄莉娜  王剑峰  高成  刘广纯 《安徽农业科学》2016,44(17)

[目的]测定8种果蝇不同龄期的DNA含量。[方法]从黑果蝇(Drosophila virilis)和黑腹果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)的7个突变品系的幼虫Ⅰ龄、Ⅱ龄、Ⅲ龄、蛹、成虫提取总DNA。使用紫外可见分光光度计对提取的DNA含量进行测定,并对提取的DNA进行了PCR效果检测。[结果]8种果蝇Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ龄幼虫DNA含量递增,大部分蛹和成虫DNA含量递减;果蝇5个龄期提取DNA的PCR效果均很好,成虫最佳,幼虫次之。[结论]幼虫、蛹和成虫的DNA质量均可保证PCR扩增、分子克隆、物种鉴定等实验的开展。  相似文献   

Thieves,bats and fruit flies: local ecological knowledge on the weaver ant Oecophylla longinoda in relation to three ‘invisible’ intruders in orchards in Guinea     

P. Van Mele  K. Camara  J. F. Vayssieres 《国际虫害防治杂志》2013,59(1):57-61

We held interviews with 100 mango and cashew growers in Guinea, West Africa. Fewer than 20 questions dealing with the tree-inhabiting weaver ant Oecophylla longinoda were developed, based on local context and related research conducted on farmers' knowledge in other countries. More than half of the growers reported that ants protect their orchard from thieves. Apart from deterring snakes, about 46% of the growers mentioned that weaver ants reduce damage by fruit-eating bats; some reported that bats do dislike the smell of weaver ants. Whereas the relationship between ants and humans or conspicuous fruit bats is well understood, a quantitative appreciation of the effect of Oecophylla on small insect pests, such as fruit flies, is more complex. Despite the fact that 57% of the growers reported that Oecophylla had a positive effect on mango fruit quality, many classified Oecophylla as a pest due to its nuisance during harvest, and they requested the plant protection staff to help them with pesticides. Strategies to strengthen local ecological knowledge are discussed.  相似文献   

我国南方常见的6种寡毛实蝇PCR-RFLP快速鉴定研究   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

吴佳教  梁帆  胡学难  赵菊鹏  梁广勤 《江西农业大学学报》2004,26(5):770-773

应用PCR—RFLP技术，对我国南方发生和诱捕到的6种寡毛实蝇开展了快速鉴定方法研究，结果表明，设计出的2组引物对6种供试实蝇线粒体DNA(mtDNA)的PCR扩增片断大小分别约为350bp和450bp。用限制性内切酶MSEI和DRAI对PCR扩增产物进行酶切，得到的酶切位点可将供试的6种实蝇区分开来。该方法不受供试实蝇食物源的影响，对各种虫态(卵、幼虫、蛹)和不同性别的成虫均适用，可用于实蝇的快速鉴定。  相似文献   

一种牦牛蚊蝇驱避剂作用效果观察     

杜文力  陈明胜  韩照清 《中国牛业科学》2014,(2):24-26

[目的]为了观察蚊蝇驱避剂对牦牛体表蚊蝇的趋避效果。[方法]选择10头成年牦牛,分为实验组和对照区,实验组使用驱避剂之后,观察比较牦牛体表蚊蝇数目,实验结束时采集牦牛血清检测谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶水平。[结果]表明,实验组牦牛明显不良反应,体表蚊蝇明显少于对照组,蚊蝇趋避效果作用明显,两组牦牛血清谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶水平无显著差异。[结论]说明牦牛蚊蝇驱避剂能效趋避蚊蝇,可以推广使用。  相似文献   

柑桔大实蝇（Tetradacus citri Chen）耐寒及滞育性研究     

范京安  赵学谦 《西南大学学报(自然科学版)》1994,16(6):532-534

在室内条件下，柑桔大实蝇呈现较强的抗寒能力；在０℃条件下，少数幼虫可成活２９天，多数可成活２０天以上；在３℃以上时，幼虫死亡率仅为３％－７％，９３％以上的幼虫能完成化蛹，蛹的抗寒能力较幼虫弱，在３℃处理３０天，蛹全部死亡；６℃处理３０天，２６．６％的蛹能忌化。柑桔大实蝇滞育性强，以蛹为滞育虫态；６℃处理３０天即可解除滞育。  相似文献   

Effect of natural predators on Queensland fruit fly,Bactrocera tryoni (Froggatt) (Diptera: Tephritidae) control by sterile insect technique (SIT)     

Darshana N Rathnayake  Elizabeth C Lowe  Polychronis Rempoulakis  Marie E Herberstein 《Pest management science》2019,75(12):3356-3362

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